US1919987A - Vacuum circuit interrupting apparatus - Google Patents

Vacuum circuit interrupting apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US1919987A
US1919987A US467717A US46771730A US1919987A US 1919987 A US1919987 A US 1919987A US 467717 A US467717 A US 467717A US 46771730 A US46771730 A US 46771730A US 1919987 A US1919987 A US 1919987A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
electrodes
vacuum
gap
envelope
breakdown
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US467717A
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English (en)
Inventor
David C Prince
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE359530D priority Critical patent/BE359530A/xx
Priority to BE359269D priority patent/BE359269A/xx
Priority to BE359251D priority patent/BE359251A/xx
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Priority to US467717A priority patent/US1919987A/en
Priority to FR40482D priority patent/FR40482E/fr
Priority to GB20256/31A priority patent/GB373471A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1919987A publication Critical patent/US1919987A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches

Definitions

  • My invention relates to vacuum circuit interrupting apparatus.
  • the dielectric strength of the vacuum gap must hold back the rapidly increasing voltage, or recovery voltage, across the circuit interrupter terminals upon interruption of the circuit. Otherwise, the interruption is of but short duration and arcing is reestablished.
  • the critical value of the breakdown volt age for a given gap is uncertain and the dlelectric strength of the gap may fail under varying conditions.
  • the terminals of the interrupting devices when in the open circuit position, are separated by the vacuum gap itself so that a voltage breakdown may occur directly between the electrodes to re-establish arcing.
  • a vacuum circuit interrupter is provided with one or more conducting grids or barriers arranged so as to be inter osed in the gap between the electrodes 0 the interrupter and free to assume any potential.
  • the grids have no definite or fixed tential in the open circuit position of the interrupter and may therefore be termed floating with respect to the electrodes.
  • the ionized gas makes a good conductor between the electrodes so that the gap may not recover its full dielectric strength during the reversal of the voltage impressed across the same. Accordingly, in the event of a momentary breakdown between a grid and one anode, the voltage may collapse between the grid and that anode but the breakdown will not extend to the other anode due to the fact that the double voltage does not remain on the other gap for a sufficient len h of time.
  • Fig. 1 is a view partly in section, illustrating a vacuum use embodying my invention
  • Fig. 2 is a view, partly in section, of a vacuum switch likewise embodying m invention.
  • the vacuum fuse illustrate in Fig. 1 may be of conventional type and comprises in the present instance a highly evacuated envelope 1 through which the electrodes or terminals 2 and 3 are sealed.
  • the fuse envelope and electrodes are freed of occluded gases in any suitable manner so that the vacuum, which is as high as may be practically obtained, shall not be impaired by asses formed during circuit interruption.
  • he electrodes 2 and 3 which are composed of material particularly suited for the interruption of alternating current or direct current, such as for exam le tungsten for direct current and a metal aving a low melting point as nickel or copper for alternating current, are interconnected within the evacuated envelo e by a fusible element 4 and are electrica ly connected exteriorly of the envelope to the terminal caps 5 and 6 secured in a well known manner to the envelope 1.
  • the electrodes may likewise be provided with shields 2 and 3', respectively disposed adjacent the sealing-in portions oi the electrodes for protecting the same from injurious efiects of arcing.
  • the grids 7 and 8 are in the present instance constructed ofwire mesh in the form of a disc although it shall be understood that the grids may comprise solid metallic discs as well.
  • the fusible element 4 When the fusible element 4 is ru tured or vaporized due to excess current, t e arcing between the electrodes, if contlnued, must form a plurality of arcs in series between the electrodes and grids. That is, the voltage breakdown of the gaps in series must be concurrent for the arc to persist.
  • suitable means as springs under tension (not shown) may be connected to. the fusible elementso as to withdraw the unva orized portions from the ids and from t 0 gap, and to this end the usible element 4 extends freely through the central portions of the grids and is not fixed thereto.
  • the full voltage is, there-. fore, practically immediately, depending on the rate of voltage rise, impressed across the terminals 2 and 3 and the fuse, tending to cause voltage breakdown of the gap and consequent re-establishing of the current.
  • the grids 7 and 8 are effective to increase the apparent dielectric strength of the space between the electrodes so that after the first current zero a hi her breakdown voltage would be requir to break down this space than is usually the case. Or, in other words, there is less probability of voltage breakdown between the electrodes for a given'terminal or applied voltage.
  • a vacuum switch comprising a highl evacuated envelope 9 and relatively movable electrodes 10 and 11 having contact portions 12 and 13 at theadjacent ends thereof, is provided with a grid 14 of the character above described disposed in the envelope 9 between the contact ortions 12 and 13 of the electrodes.
  • the switch envelope and arts thereof are freed of occluded gases an .the electrodes are composed of material most suitable for current interruption.
  • the electrodes 10 and 11 are sealed at o posite ends of the switch through the fiexi le metallic bellows 16 and 17 so that the electrodes may be moved longitudinall in opposite directions away from the grid 14 during the circuit interrupting operation.
  • the grid 14 is in the present instance provided with a conductin ortion 15 disposed centrally thereof w ie is engaged at opposite sides by the contact portions 12 and 13 when the switch is in the closed circuit position illustrated in Fig. 2.
  • the circuit opening operation is effected b simultaneously moving the contacts 12 an 13 in opposite directions away from the grid 14 so as to form two gaps in series between the contacts.
  • a vacuum alternating current circuit interrupter comprising a highly evacuated envelope, electrodes extending within and sealed with respect to said envelope, conducting means interconnecting sald electrodes in the closed circuit position of the interrupter, said electrodes being separated by a gap in vacuum in the open circuit posielectrodes extending through and sealed with respect to said envelope, a fusible element interconnecting said electrodes within the envelope, and a conducting grid interposed between the portions of said electrodes to which the fusible element is connected and arranged so that upon blowing of said fusible element a vacuum gap is created between each of said electrodes and said grid.
  • a vacuum, alternating current switch comprising a highly evacuated envelope
  • electrodes sealed and mounted for relative movement with respect to said envelope, said electrodes having contacts mova 1e within said envelope, and a conducting grid interposed between said contacts so as to form therewith two gaps in series between said contacts during opening movement of the switch.
  • a vacuum switch comprising a highly evacuated envelope, electrodes sealed and mounted for relative movement with respect to said envelope, said electrodes having contacts movable within said envelope, a conducting portion disposed between and interconnecting said contacts in the closed circuit position, and a conducting grid mounted in said envelope and connected to and supporting said conducting portion, said grid being separated from each of said contacts by a vacuum gap in the open circuit position of said switch.

Landscapes

  • High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Measuring Pulse, Heart Rate, Blood Pressure Or Blood Flow (AREA)
US467717A 1928-03-23 1930-07-14 Vacuum circuit interrupting apparatus Expired - Lifetime US1919987A (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE359530D BE359530A (sv) 1930-07-14
BE359269D BE359269A (sv) 1930-07-14
BE359251D BE359251A (sv) 1930-07-14
US467717A US1919987A (en) 1930-07-14 1930-07-14 Vacuum circuit interrupting apparatus
FR40482D FR40482E (fr) 1928-03-23 1931-07-07 Perfectionnements apportés aux appareils à vide, et plus particulièrement aux interrupteurs
GB20256/31A GB373471A (en) 1930-07-14 1931-07-14 Improvements in and relating to vacuum electric circuit interrupters

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US467717A US1919987A (en) 1930-07-14 1930-07-14 Vacuum circuit interrupting apparatus

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1919987A true US1919987A (en) 1933-07-25

Family

ID=23856852

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US467717A Expired - Lifetime US1919987A (en) 1928-03-23 1930-07-14 Vacuum circuit interrupting apparatus

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US1919987A (sv)
BE (3) BE359251A (sv)
GB (1) GB373471A (sv)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2892912A (en) * 1956-12-24 1959-06-30 Gen Electric Vacuum type circuit interrupter
US2892911A (en) * 1956-12-24 1959-06-30 Gen Electric Vacuum-type circuit interrupter
US4320377A (en) * 1981-03-30 1982-03-16 Mcgraw-Edison Company Arc gas control device for a power class fuse having load break contacts

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2892912A (en) * 1956-12-24 1959-06-30 Gen Electric Vacuum type circuit interrupter
US2892911A (en) * 1956-12-24 1959-06-30 Gen Electric Vacuum-type circuit interrupter
US4320377A (en) * 1981-03-30 1982-03-16 Mcgraw-Edison Company Arc gas control device for a power class fuse having load break contacts

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE359251A (sv)
BE359530A (sv)
BE359269A (sv)
GB373471A (en) 1932-05-26

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