US1918526A - Polarized conductive couple suitable for use as a rectifier, etc. - Google Patents

Description

y 3 P. E. EDELMAN 1,918,526

POLARIZED CONDUCTIVE COUPLE SUITABLE FOR USE AS A RECTIFIER, ETC

Original Filed Jan. 26. 1927 ,Ifzveni'w? Patented July 18, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE PHILIP E. EDELMAN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO EPHRAIM BANNIN'G, OF

CHICAGO, ILLINOIS POLARIZED CONDUCTIVE COUPLE SUITABLE FOR USE AS A RECTIFIER, ETC.

Original application filed January 26,1927, Serial No. 163,734. Divided and this application filed Kay 14, 1928. Serial No. 277,710.

The following is a specification, divided from my original application S. No. 163,734 filed Jan. 26th, 1927, now Patent 1,753,920,

for Radio power supply device.

An object of my present invention is to provide an improved structure for a polarized conductive couple suitable for a rectifier etc. A further object is to provide a rectifying element'of the dry solid type employing said improvement. Theimprovement is accomplished by impregnating a thin sheet of fibrous material with chemical crystals by immersing said sheet material in a molten mixture thereof which is subsequently allowed to cool and solidify therein, and using this impregnated sheet material as a separator for metallic electrodes.

A working embodiment of my invention is shown in the accompanying drawing in which the improvement and a suitable operating circuit therefor is shown in a schematic diagram.

A transformer 1 has connecting means 2 for attachment to an alternating current sup- !5 ply socket and feeds a full wave rectifier element 4 thru a carbon pile resistance 3.

Rectifier 4 is comprised by polarized sections 7, 8, 9,10 respectively whereby positive terminal 5 and negative terminal 6 are supplied 30 with rectified current. Solid type rectifier sections are preferred. Thus each section 7,

8, 9, 10 may comprise, as illustrated for section 10, an electrode 11 made from duriron or other suitable metal contacting with a $5 solidified chemical conductor 13, while a positive electrode 12 made of aluminum or other suitable metal also contacts with the mass 13.

Mass 13 is preferably comprised by a solid chemical such as a melted solidified salt. This L0 salt may be dibasic sodium phosphate, orammonium phosphate or other conductor containing water of crystallization in a solidified melt thereof, or sodium nitrate or other salt which isrendered a conductor by melting and forming in a thin layer with other assisting substance which is a relatively good conductor of electricity as, for example, a metal salt or powdered metal. A preferred construction is had by immersing the elec- FO trodes 11, 12 closely separated by a fibrous sheet 14 in the molten chemical which is there after allowed to cool and crystallize out, held by the sheet 14, so as to be firmly attached to the electrodes 11 and 12. This fibrous sheet can be any suitable fabric material, preferably the thin laminated sheet wood fibre material known as cellucotton, which permits free flow of electric current thru the absorbed crystalline chemical. Such a solidified rectifier section as 10 as described has a uni-directional current conducting or oriented characteristic probably due to the combined effect of a thin film formed on the electrode 12 and the thermic action in the mass 13, 14. Such elements are preferably sealed from the atmosphere. If a salt such as sodium nitrate is used for the material 13, it can be rendered conductive at low starting temperature by admixture with a small portion of sodium phosphate or other material which conductsat room temperature, and thereafter rapidly becomes conductive due to the passage of electric current thru its small layer mass in the thin layer 14.

The operating circuit 15 is more particularly described in the aforesaid specification from which this specification is divided and reference is made thereto.

Each section such as 10 comprises a polarized conductive couple consisting of the aforesaid electrodes separated by a spacer positioned between the electrodes and composed of a fibrous sheet material impregnated with a mixture of crystallized molten electrolyte and acting as a suspension medium for the electrolyte. A'crystallized molten electrolyte is to be understood as including any fused salt mixture having the empirical characteristics of sodium nitrate with the addition of an ingredient which affords better electrical conductivity than the conductivity of a crystalline mass, such as sodium nitrate, fused pure. The generic essential is that the pure fusion, which by itself is a poor conductor when cold, must be rendered conductive for starting conditions by the admixture of an assisting substance or adulteration affording suflicient conductivity to permit starting operation. Salts having the empirical characteristics of sodium nitrate;

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