US1909994A

US1909994A - Reamer

Info

Publication number: US1909994A
Application number: US394166A
Authority: US
Inventors: Jesse C Wright
Original assignee: Globe Oil Tools Co
Current assignee: Globe Oil Tools Co
Priority date: 1929-09-21
Filing date: 1929-09-21
Publication date: 1933-05-23
Anticipated expiration: 1950-05-23

Description

A May 23, 19.33. 1 Q wRlGHT v1,909,994

BEAMER Filed sept. 21,' 1929 /Z/ ff,

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37 715 ffavfy Patented May 23, 1933 UNi/TED STATES PATENT OFFICE l JESSE C. WRIGHT, OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR '.liO GLOBE OIL TOOLS CO., OF L08 NIETOS, CALIFORNIA, A CORPORATION OF CALIFORNIA.

BEAMER Application ined september 21, 1929. serial No. 394,166.

This invention relates to a well tool and relates more particularly to a reamer suitable for use in the drilling of wells. It is a general object of the invention to provide a simple, practical, and inexpensive reamer construction that embodies a shank and a plurality of cutter units detachably secured to the shank.

It is an object of this invention to provide a reamer construction that embodies a plurality of units including cutting parts and to provide novel, eifective, and practical means for detachably securing the units on a shank.

It is another object of the invention to provide a rea-mer construction of the character mentioned having means for effectively transmitting the driving or operating strains from the shank to the cutter units.

It is another object of the invention to provide a reamer construction in which the cutter units are securely. and dependably mounted on the shank so that there is no possibility of them becoming accidentally detached in the well bore.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a reamer construction of the character mentioned that is extremely simple and inexpensive of manufacture.

The various objects and features of my invention will be best and more fully understood from the following detailed descripvtion of a typical 'form and application of the invention, throu hout which descri tion reference is had to t e accompanying rawin in which :v

Fig. 1 is aside elevation of the reamer provided by this invention showing it with-in a well bore. Fig. 2 is an enlarged transverse detailed sectional view taken as indicated by line 2--2 on Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an enlarged detailed transverse sectional view taken as indicated by line 3-3 on Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is an enlarged detailed transverse sectional View through the shank and a cutter unit, being a view taken as indicated by line 4 4 on Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is an enlarged detailed transverse sectional view'taken as indicated by line 5-5 on Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a vertical detailed sectional view through thev shank portion of the reamer. showing the cutter units in operatingposition thereon, being a view taken as indicated by llne 6--6 on Fig. 2, andv Fig. 7 is a vertical detailed sectional view taken as indicated by lline 7-7 on Fig. 4.

In accordance with the broader principles of the invention there may be .any desired number of cuttingunits, having any desired type of cutting parts, embodied in the reamer construction. urther, any suitable type of drilllng bit may be mounted at the lower end of the shank of the reamer. In the following detailed description I will confine the disclosure to a simple form of the invention embodying two cutter units with a simple form of cutting parts, and I have illustrated a typical drilling bit attached to the lower end of the construction. It is to vbe understood that the invention is not to be construed as limited to the specific number of cutter units, the particular type of cutting parts on the units, or the type of drilling bit illustrated in the drawing, but is to be taken as includin any features or modiications that may all within the scope of the claims.

The reamer construction provided by this invention includes, generally, a shank 10,-a plurality of cutter liunits, or cutter carrying units A and B, means 11 for detachably securing the units on the shank, and a drilling bit 12 mounted on the lower end of the shank 10.

The shank 10 is provided to carry the units A and B and is adapted to be interposed into a drilling string above `a drilling bit, either adjacent the bit as shown in the drawing lor at any other desired point in the drilling string. The shank 10 is preferably round in cross section and is provided with a central longitudinal water passa e or opening 13 which extends complete y through it. The shank 10 consists of an upper portion 14' providedv withmeans for attachment to a string of drill pipe,r a portion 15 to carry the unit A, a portion 16 to carry the unit B and a lower ortion'l'? to which a bit, or the like, is a apted-to be' attached. The upper portion 14 may be comparatively long, as illustrated in the drawing, and 1s provided at its upper end with a tapered screw threaded pin 18 to facilitate the attachment of t-he device to a string of drill pipe P. An enlargement 19 is provided at the lower end of the upper portion 14.

The portion 15 is immediately below the enlargement 19 of the upper portion 14, while the portion 16 is immediately below the portion 15. The shank 10 is preferably in the forni of an integral structure so that it may be assembled in a drilling string as a unit. The portion 15, of the shank 10, that carries the unit A, is somewhat smaller in diameter than the enlargement 19, so that the. lower end of the enlargement presents a downwardly facing shoulder 20. The `shoulder 20 is preferably at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the shank 10. The portion 15 is preferably of regular contiguration, being round in cross section.

The portion 16, which is provided to carry the unit B, is smaller in diameter than the portion 15, and the 'lower end of the portion 15 presents a downwardly facing shoulder 21 at the upper end of the portion 1G. The lower portion 17 of t-he shank extends downwardly from the portion 16. The lower portion 17 may be of substantially the same diameter as the portion 16 and is provided at its lower end with a screw threaded socket 22.

The units A and B are of the same formation and construction, differing only in size, the unit A being larger than the unit B. The unit A is mounted on the portion 15 ofthe shank and may have cutting parts adapted to engage the formation or walls of the bore to enlarge the bore to a greater diameter than does the unit B. The units A and B include sleeves 23a and -23b and cutting parts 242l and 24, respectively. The

sleeve 23a of the unit A is provided with a central longitudinal opening 25 to pass the portion 15 and the up er end of the sleeve is made flat to t agalnst the shoulder 20. It is preferred that the exterior diameter of the sleeve 23u be the same as that of the enlargement 19 so that when the sleeve is in position on the shank it presents a continuous structure with the enlargement. The sleeve 23a is somewhat shorter than the portion 15 so that there is a substantial part 27 of the portion 15 between the lower end of the sleeve 23a and the shoulder 21.

The sleeve .23b of the cutter unit B is provided with a central longitudinal opening 28 passing the portion 16. The upper end 29 of the sleeve 23b is made flat to seat against the shoulder 21 when the unit B is in operating position on the shank. The sleeve 23D is preferably of the same exterior diameter as the portion 15 so that it presents an interrupted exterior with the portion 15.

The cutting parts 24'* and 24b of the units A and B, respectively, are preferably of the same general character and configuration. The cutting parts 24*l and 24", illustrated in this particular form of the invention, are of the blade type and project laterally or substantially radially from the sleeves 23a and 23h. The cutting parts may be symmetrically arranged around the central axis of the shank 10; that is, they may be equally spaced around the sleeves. In the 'particular form of the invention illustrated in the drawing there are four cutting parts on each sleeve. The cutting parts preferably extend vertically from the upper ends of the sleeves to their lower ends. The cutting parts of the two units may be in vertical alignment or may be in different rotational positions as desired. The cutting parts 24n bear the same proportional relationship to the sleeve 23i as the cutting parts 24b bear to the sleeve 23"; that is, the parts 24' are larger than the parts 24b in the same proportion as the sleeve 23a is larger than the sleeve 23". The cutting parts 241 and 24b being of the same construction, I will proceed with a detailed description of a single cutter, it being understood that this description applies to the cutting parts of both units. Each cutting part includes a vertical face 31 at its forward side (relative to the rotation of the reamer during operation). The face 3l is substantially radial; it being preferred, however, to make it extend inward and slightly rearward from its outer edge, as shown in the drawing. The extreme outer end or edge 32 of the cutting part is preferably comparatively narrow, as clearly illustrated throughout the drawing. The rear side or face 33 of the cutting part is substantially tangential to the exterior of the sleeve. The upper end 34 of the cutting part is beveled downward and outward from the upper end of the sleeve, while the lower end 35 of the part may be beveled downward and outward from the lower end of the sleeve so that it has a portion overhanging or projecting downward from the lower end of the sleeve.

. The means 11- for detachably securing the units A and B to the shank operates to individually or separately attach the units to the shank 10. The means 11 for securing the unit A to shank 10 includes, generally, one or more lugs 36 on the portion 15 of the shank 10 cooperating with bayonet type openings in rthe sleeve`f23, and keys 37 to hold the lugs in the openings. In the particular form of the invention illustrated I have provided two lugs 36 cooperating with two diametrically opposite bayonet openings. The arrangement of the means 11 at the opposite sides of the construction being alike, I will proceed with a detailed description of but one lug 36 and slot.

The lug 36 may be formed integral with the shank and projects from the portion 15 a short distance below the shoulder 20. The opening in the sleeve 23a includes a vertical passage 38 for passing the lug 36 and a lateral socket 39 at the lower end of the passage for receiving the lug 36. The passage 38 extends downward from the upper end of the sleeve 23a and is sufficiently large to freely pass the lug 36. The side walls of t-he passage 38 are preferably parallel and are parallel to the longitudinal axis of the shank 10. The socket 39 is at the extreme lower end of the passage 38 and is provided in the forward side of the passage (with relation to the direction of rotation of the tool). The forward side 40 of the socket is preferably radial to the central axis of the shank and the forward side of the lug 36 is correspondingly shaped. It is preferred that the rear side of the lug 36 be in direct alignment with the forward side of the passage 38 when the lug is in position in thersocket 39. The key 37 is provided to be arranged in the passage 38 and extend downward back of the lug 36. The key 37 is formed to completely fill the passage 38 and is Asubstantially rectangular in cross section. A groove 41 is provided in the enlargement 19 to'be in alignment with the passage 38 to allow the key to be lowered into the passage.

The invention provides means for holding the key 37 against both longitudinal and lateral movement when in the passage 38. A cap screw 50 provided with a lock washer 51 may be screw threaded into the groove 41 at the upper end of the key 37 to prevent it from shifting vertically upward. The key 37 may be held against lateral displacement from the passage 38 by an enlargement 52 on the sleeve 23L which extends over the passage 38.

The means for detachably securing the unit B to the shank 10 is substantially the same as that just described above in connection with the unit A; that is, the portion 16 ofthe shank is provided with one or more lugs 36b cooperating with openings in the sleeve 23" having vertical passages 38b and lateral sockets 39, and keys 37b to hold the lugs in the sockets 39". The keys are retained in position by cap screws 50b in grooves 53 in the portion 15, and by enlargements 52b extendlng over the passages 38". It is to be particularly noted thatthe lugs 36 and 36b and the sockets 39 and 39b are positioned so that the upper ends of 'the sleeves 23a and 23b fit against the

shoulders

20 and 21, respectively. With this construction the upward thrusts during drilling operations are taken by the

shoulders

20 and 21.

The bit 12 may be any suitable form of bit. In the drawing, I have illustrated a type of bit described in m copending aplication for atent entitle Well bit, Serial To. 389,429, led Aug. 30, 1929. The bit 12 includes, generally, a shank 60, a head 6l, cutting teeth 62 on the head and means 63 for securing thehead to the shank. The shank 60 has a pin portion 64 on its upper end screw threaded into the socket 22 in the lower end of the shank 10. Theremay be a plurality of cutting teeth 62 projecting downward and slightly outward from the lower end of the head 61. The bit 12 has a circulation opening extending longitudinally through it and discharging at the teeth 62. The means 63 for securing the head 61 .on the shank may detachably connect the head vand shank 60 and may be of the same general construction as the means 11 described above. The means 63 may include lugs 65 on theshank 60, seating in sockets in the head and keys 66 in passages 67 to ret-ain the lugs in the sockets.

In assembling the reamer provided by this invention the unit A is first arranged on the portion 15 of the shank so that the lugs 36 are in the sockets 39 and the keys 37 are set in the passages 37. The unit B is then applied to the portion 16 of the shank. When vthe units A and B are in position on the shank 10 a suitable bit may be applied to the' lower end of the shank 10. 1With the keys 37 and 37b in position the units A and B are dependably fixed `on the shank. When it is desired to detach the units from the shank 10 for replacement, etc.,l the cap screws 50 and 50b are removed and the keys 37 and 37b withdrawn from the passages, allowing the units to be turned and removed from the shank. It is to be particularly noted that the driving strains are transmitted directly from the shank to the` units through the lugs and that the

shoulders

20 and 21 receive the upward thrusts. It will be obvious that Various numbers of cutting units may be mounted on a shank in the manner described. Further, cutting units having cutting parts of various sizes and types may be applied to the shank, it being apparent that with the securing means 11 described above that the units may be simple of construction and inexpensive of manufacture.

Having described only a typical preferred form of my invention I do not wish to limit myself to the specific details set forth, but wish to reserve to myself any changes or variations that may appear to those skilled in the art or fall within the scope of the following claims.

Having described my invention, I claim:

1. A well reamer of the character described including, a cylindrical shank having a downwardly facing shoulder, a2cutter unit mounted on the shank and having its 'upper end bearing against the shoulder, and means for securing the unit on the shank including, a lug on the shank extending into an opening in theunit, and a re 5 movable part engaging the lug to hold the lug in the opening, the shoulder being adapted to receive the upward thrusts from the unit and the lug being adapted to take the rotative thrusts from the unit during operation.

2. A well reamer of the character described including, a cylindrical shank having a downwardly facing shoulder, a cutter unit mounted on the shank having an opening with a socket and having Lits upper end bearing against the shoulder, and means for securing the unitl on the shank including, a lug on the shank arranged in the socket, and a removable part in the opening engaging the lug to hold the lug in the socket, the shoulder being adapted to receive the upward thrusts from the unit and the lug being adapted to take the rotative thrusts from the unit during operation.

3. Avwell reamer of the character described including, a cylindrical shank having a 'lownwardly facing shoulder, a projec-. tion on theshank, an annular cutter unit surrounding the shank and having its upper end bearing against the shoulder, and having a passage to admit the projection and .a socket in communication with the passage to receive the projection, and a key in the passage engaging the projection to hold the"""p1;ojection in the socket, the shoulder bein adapted to receive the upward thrusts.. rom the unit and the projection being adapted to'take the rotative thrusts during operation.

4. A well reamer of the character described including,a cylindrical shank hav-` ing a downwardly facing shoulder, a projection on the shank, an annular cutter unit surrounding the shank and havingits upper end bearing against the shoulder, and having a passage to admit the projection and a socket in communication with the passage to receive the projection, a key in the passage engaging the projection to hold the projection in the socket, and means retaining the key in the passage, the shoulder being adapted to receive the upward thrusts from the unit and the projection being. adapted to take the rotative thrusts during operation.

5. A well reamer of thecharacter described includinfr, a cylindrical shank hav-1 ing a downwardly facing shoulder, a projection on the shank, the cutter unit having an opening passing the shank, a passage to admit the projection and a lateral socket communicating with the passage to receive the projection and having its upper end bearing against the shoulder, and a remov- 65 able key in the passage behind the projection and engaging the projection to hold the projection in the socket, the shoulder being adapted to receive the upward thrusts from the unit and the projection being adapted to take the rotative thrusts during operation.

6. A well reamer of the character described includin a cylindrical shank having a downwar ly facing shoulder, a lateral projection on theshank, a cutter unit having an opening passing the shank, a passage to admit the projection, a lateral socket at the forward side of the passage to receive the projection and havin its upper end bearing against the shoul er, a removable part in the passage engaging the projection to hold the projection in the socket, and means retaining the part in the passage, the shoulder being adapted to receive the upward thrusts rom the unit and the projection being adapted to take the rotative thrustsv during operation.

7. A well reamer of the character described including, a shank having cylindrical portions of successively smaller diameter and downwardly facing shoulders be- `tweenthe adjoining portions, a lateral projectlon on each portion, a cutter unit on each portion having its upper end bearing against a shoulder, each unit having an opening passing a. portion of the shank, a passage to admit the projection and a socket in the passage to receive the projection, a removable part in each passage engaging a projection to hold the projection in the socket, and 100 means retaining the parts inthe passages.

8. A Well reamer including, a cylindrical shank, a. projection on the shank, a ycutter unit havlng an opening passing the shank,

a jiassage to admit the projection, and a 105 soc et 1n communication with the passage to receive the projection, and a removable part in the passage engagingthe rojection to hold it in the socket, and an en argement on the shank immediately above the unit, 11 the unit bearing upwardly against the said enlargement.

In Witness that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto. subscribed my name this 4th day of September, 1929.

JESSE C. WRIGHT.