US1908374A - Oil still - Google Patents

Description

2 Sheets-Sheet l May 9, 1933- c. E. LUCKE OIL STILL Filed MarCh 28, 1928 fp:f

y l A l 1 l l l I i L .C. E. LUCKE Ma'y 9, 1933.

OIL STILL Filed March 28, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR plw/ M -BY (if,

ATTORNEY@ Patented May 9, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT oFFicE CHARLES E. LUGKE, F NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO THE BABCOCK &. WILCOX COMPANY, 0F BAYONNE, N EW JERSEY, A CORPORATION 0F NEW JERSEY oIL STILL Application led March 28, 1928. Serial No. 265,245.

This invention relates .to an oil still in which oil is passed through tubes in series that are located above a furnace and are shielded from the radiant heat of the furnace by means of tubes with refractory jackets. The hot products of combustion from the furnace pass through the radiant heat shield and contact with the oil tubes before they become materially cooled.

The invention will be understood from the description in connection with the accompan ing drawings in which Fig. 1 is a vertica section through an illustrative embodiment of the invention taken along the line 1-1 of Fig.y 2, and Fig. 2 is a section taken along the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

In the drawings reference character 5 indicates a furnace chamber that is provided with fuel burners 6 for powdered coal or other combustible material. A horizontally disposed radiant heat screen 7- is located above the furnace chamber 5 and is made up of tubes that are covered with tile and spaced apart so as to permit gases or hot products of combustion from the furnace to pass between the tubes. A header 8 for a group of tubes for the screen is located on the outside of the furnace and an inlet pipe 8 leads to 'this header. In the illustrative embodiment of the invention, the screen com` prises two rows of staggered parallel tubes and a group of three tubes in the lower rowl is connected in`paraliel to the header 8. The other endsof the tubes of this group are connected by return connectors 9 to a group of Ythree tubes in the upper row and the ends of the tubes in the upp er row are connected to a header 10 that is located outside of the furnace wall abovel the header 8 and'is about twice as long as the header 8. Similar groups of tubes of three each connect this header 10 through end connectors and through other y headers 10 so that 'the Huid entering the of air for cooling purposes and the number of tubes in the screen 7 can be restricted to `the number that is necessary to provide the radiant heat screen.

The space abovethe screen 7 is divided into a plurality of conduits or gas passages 15, 16 and 17 that taper in the direction of the gas flow. The gas passages 15, 16 and 17 are made tapering by means of baflies 18 and 19 slightly inclined to the vertical, the bafiie 18 terminating short of the upper end of the gas passages and its lower end being connected to the right hand wall of the passages as indicated in Fig. 1. The-baie 19 extends from the upper portion of the gas passages and its lower end terminates short of the lower portion of the baiile 18. A conduit leads from the exit 20 for the waste gases to an air heater 21 at the lower end of which a suction fan 22 is connected and the outlet from this'fan leads to the stack 23. The freshl air'fan 24 forces air through theair heater 21 into a conduit 25 that leads to the spaces 26 on the outside of the conduits 15, 16 and 17 from which the gases pass into the space 27 in front of the furnace chamber 5 and thence into the furnace for combustion purposes. l

A branch conduit 28 may lead from the fan 24 into the spaces along the sides of the furnace 5, baiiies 29 being provided therein to cause the air to pass in a. zigzag direction through the spaces to Athe space 27 from which it enters the furnace.

An oil inlet pipe- 30 leads to the upper portion of the gas conduit 17 and is connected tothe end of the straight oil tube 31, the end of which is in turn connected by a return connection 32 to the end of the next oil tube 31 and so on through the gas passage 17 with the oil passing through the tubes that extend across this passage. These tubes 31 are made straight so that they can be readily cleaned and extend through the gas passage. The oil passes throught-he lower one of the tubes 31 into a row of tubes 33 located in the lower portion ofthe baiie 18, thence upwardly through a series of tubes 34, similar to the tubes 32 and similarly connected but located in the gas passagel 16,

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the upper row of tubes 37, each one of which is connected by an end connection to a tube in a lower row, and so on, to the header 38 onthe outside of the wall. The tubes 37 are similar to the other tubes in the gas passages already described, but the tubes in each row are connected in parallel instead of the tubes being connected in series. An exit pipe 39 leads from the header 38.

When oil is introduced through the tubes .in the radiant heat screen 7, the `mix`ture in the tubes 37 will, of course, be oil. However, when water is introduced through the inlet 8*', it is converted into steam and becomes superheated in passing through the tubes of the screen 7 andthe mixture entering the header 13 and passing through the tubes 37 may be a mixture of oil vapors and superheated steam.

The operation is as follows: Hot products et combustion from the furnace chamber 5 pass between the tubes in the radiant heat screen 7 and since the tubes in the upper row in this screen are staggered with-respect to the tubes in the lower row, the space above this screen is shielded from the most 'of the radiant heat from the furnace., The gases pass upwardly through the tapering conduits 15, 16 and 17, and thus the velocity or mass ilow is kept sufficiently great to cause the rate of heat transmission from the gases to l ed initially,

'the tubes over which they sweep to be adequete for the desired purpose. This also adds to the eiciency and decreases the necessary surface. The waste gases passing through the air heater 21 heat air that passes into the spaces outside of the conduits 15, 16 and 17,

this air finally passing to the furnace for coin` bustion purposes. Other air from the fan 2t may pass through the spaces along the outside of the wallsof the furnace 5 and also enter the. furnace for combustion purposes.,

The oil entering through the inlet pipe passes through the straight tubes extending across the conduits 15, 16 and 17 and hows in a countercurrent direction preferably with sciently high velocity through these tubes to produce turbulence, finally entering the .header 13 and the oil vapors thereby produced may be joined by vapors or steam from the tubes of the baille 7 in which case the mixture is further heated by the hottest gases .in the conduit .15 and passes out through the outlet 39. The connectiony from the tubes oil the screen 7'may, however, be such that the oil hrst passesl through these tubes to be heatafter which this preheated oil is caused to enter the upper tube 31 in the conduit 17. i u

It is not necessary to temper the furnace gases, so that the least excess air can be used, because the oil tubes are shielded from the radiant heat of the furnace., High eciency is possible and the oil is not injured. The system is very suitable 'for the use of an air heater to recover heat 'from the waste gases that may be at comparatively high temperatures due to the fact that it was not necessary to cool them appreciably before contacting them with the tubes.

Changes and modifications may be made` nected in series and located in vsaid gas passages, radiantly heatedy tubes between said straight tubes and said combustion chamber and extending across said combustion chamber, and an oil inlet for said radiantly heated tubes.

refractory material and having gas passages L between them, and means for passing oil Y through said radiantly heated screen tubes.

CHARMES E. LUCKE.

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