US1906655A - Process and apparatus for making reflecting devices - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for making reflecting devices Download PDF

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Publication number
US1906655A
US1906655A US407816A US40781629A US1906655A US 1906655 A US1906655 A US 1906655A US 407816 A US407816 A US 407816A US 40781629 A US40781629 A US 40781629A US 1906655 A US1906655 A US 1906655A
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Prior art keywords
reflector
mould
spheric
elements
reflecting
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Expired - Lifetime
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US407816A
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Stimson Jonathan Cass
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Individual
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Priority claimed from US316997A external-priority patent/US1807350A/en
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Priority to US407816A priority Critical patent/US1906655A/en
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B11/00—Pressing molten glass or performed glass reheated to equivalent low viscosity without blowing
    • C03B11/06—Construction of plunger or mould
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B11/00—Pressing molten glass or performed glass reheated to equivalent low viscosity without blowing
    • C03B11/06—Construction of plunger or mould
    • C03B11/08—Construction of plunger or mould for making solid articles, e.g. lenses
    • C03B11/082—Construction of plunger or mould for making solid articles, e.g. lenses having profiled, patterned or microstructured surfaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B2215/00—Press-moulding glass
    • C03B2215/40—Product characteristics
    • C03B2215/41—Profiled surfaces
    • C03B2215/412—Profiled surfaces fine structured, e.g. fresnel lenses, prismatic reflectors, other sharp-edged surface profiles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/12—Reflex reflectors
    • G02B5/122—Reflex reflectors cube corner, trihedral or triple reflector type
    • G02B5/124—Reflex reflectors cube corner, trihedral or triple reflector type plural reflecting elements forming part of a unitary plate or sheet
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S425/00—Plastic article or earthenware shaping or treating: apparatus
    • Y10S425/03—Laminated mold
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S425/00—Plastic article or earthenware shaping or treating: apparatus
    • Y10S425/808—Lens mold

Definitions

  • This invention relates to means for making reflecting devices of the general character 1,807,350, granted May 26, 1931, of which this application is a division. 1
  • One of the objects of this invention is to provide means for making a reflector having a series of reflecting units arranged in contiguous relation and whereby the front face is formed spheric or in such a manner as to substantially obviate uncolored reflection approximate the light source.
  • Another object is to provide a process and apparatus for making a reflector of the character described in a-simple, eflective and accurate manner.
  • Figure is a section on the line 22, Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a vertical section of an apparatus and illustrating the process embodying this invention.
  • a reflector adapted to be made in accordance with the process and with the apparatus embodying this invention is of the general character illustrated in Patent No. 1,671,086, May 22, 1928, while a process and apparatus for making such a reflector is disclosed in Patent No. 1,591,572, July 6, 1926.
  • the reflector has a suitably formed front face in order to obviate uncolored reflection approximate the light source, and this can be accomplished by giving the reflector front a spheric form.
  • se-' cure for instance, a prismatic plate of uniform thickness or depth
  • the process is so carried out and the apparatus so constructed that the reflecting aperture is arranged to conform to the front face, while the axes of the reflecting units are parallel.
  • the reflector may be formedbasically, and generally in accordance with the process and bythe mould described in Patent No. 1,591,-
  • One of the mould members is, however, provided with a spheric front-forming surface while the other mould member has the elements thereof assembled and arranged t conform the reflector forming matrix thereof generally to that spheric surface. This is accomplished by locating the elements by a spheric surface while the axes of these elements remain parallel.
  • 1 designates a plate, which is in this particular embodiment of circular contour
  • the units, as assembled to form the reflecting apertures, conform generally to and follow the spheric front face of the reflector and the axes of these units are parallel.
  • each of these units has reflecting surfaces arranged relatively at approximate right angles and in a circuit around the axes thereof, so that light impinging thereon from a distant source will be reflected about said axes and back approximate the light source.
  • one or more of thereflecting surfaces may deviate as a whole slightly from optically true right angular relation, in order to cause a definite spread of the reflected light while by the formation of the surfaces or the medium employed, the reflected light is distributed throughout the field of spread in order to direct a definite spreading beam of substantially uniform intensity back towards and visible to an observer located a substantial distance outside the line connecting the reflector with the light source.
  • FIG. 3 which corresponds in general to Figure 1 of Patent No. 1,591,572, 10 and 11 designate the mould members, 10 being the mould proper while 11 is the plunger; the usual ring is shown at 12.
  • the bottom of the mould cavity is made spheric as shown at 13, to-form the desired front face of the reflector.
  • the plunger 10 carries a series of mould elements 14, which are formed as described in Patent No. 1,591,- 572, to provide, when assembled, a matrix for forming the reflecting surfaces.
  • the reflector-forming faces of the mould elements are provided at the ends thereof; the other ends of these elements, however, bear against a spheric surface 15 conforming to the surface 13 in the mould cavity.
  • the surface 15 may be on a part 16 attached to the plunger, as by screws 17, attaching 11 and 16 to the head 18.
  • the ends of the mould elements engaging the surface 15 are preferably rounded, as shown, and these elements are secured in the part 16 by screws 19.
  • a part 110 secured to 11 is formed to enter the ring 12.
  • the mould elements With the mould as shown, the mould elements are secured in position with their axes parallel, but with the matrix conforming generally to the surface 13, forming, as it does, the front face of the reflector.
  • the pressing operation may now be proceeded with in the manner described in Patent No. 1,591,572, and itwill be seen that by the apparatus, the reflector shown in Figures 1 and 2 will be accurately formed to shape, in order to produce a spheric front face and a series of reflecting units on the back, conforming generally to this front face.
  • the invention is applicable to other than prismatic reflectors, as many features of this invention are applicable to reflectors of the hollow or metallic type; in which case, of course, the front of the reflector will provide a cover glass, which is in such case formed to obviate uncolored reflection in the manner described.
  • the front face of the reflector is preferably spheric, in order to attain the most desirable results, it will be understood that it may be spheric functionally only; it is, therefore, to be understood that the terms spheric and spherical are used descriptively and not limitatively. It will, furthermore, be understood that certain features, operations and sub-combinations are of utility and may is claimed is:
  • the process comprising, assembling a series of forming elements with their ends providing a matrix of the reflecting surfaces and positioning the elements by a spheric surface, and conforming the units to the matrix.
  • a mould of the character described comprising, a mould member having a spheric forming face, and a cooperating mould member having a series of mould elements arranged in assembled relation to provide a matrix conforming generally to the forming face on the first mould member.
  • a mould of the character described comprising, a series of mould elements arranged in assembled relation to provide a matrix, and positioning means for unequally displacing said elements from a reference plane perpendicular to the axes thereof.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)

Description

May 2, 1933 J. c. STIMSON Original Filed Nov. 3, 1928 z 9 1 01 a 4d 1 v /2 \\ji fl 0.
a a 1 z Patented May 2, 1933 PATENT OFFICE JONATHAN CASS STIMSON, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING REFLECTING DEVICEB Original application flied November 3, 1928, Serial No. 316,997. Divided and this application filed November 18 1929.
This invention relates to means for making reflecting devices of the general character 1,807,350, granted May 26, 1931, of which this application is a division. 1
One of the objects of this invention is to provide means for making a reflector having a series of reflecting units arranged in contiguous relation and whereby the front face is formed spheric or in such a manner as to substantially obviate uncolored reflection approximate the light source.
Another object is to provide a process and apparatus for making a reflector of the character described in a-simple, eflective and accurate manner.
Further objects will appear from the detail description taken in connection with the accompanying drawing, in which- Figure 1 1s a face View of a reflector adapted to be made in accordance with the process and apparatus embodying this invention;
Figure is a section on the line 22, Figure 1; and
Figure 3 is a vertical section of an apparatus and illustrating the process embodying this invention.
A reflector adapted to be made in accordance with the process and with the apparatus embodying this invention is of the general character illustrated in Patent No. 1,671,086, May 22, 1928, while a process and apparatus for making such a reflector is disclosed in Patent No. 1,591,572, July 6, 1926. The reflector, however, has a suitably formed front face in order to obviate uncolored reflection approximate the light source, and this can be accomplished by giving the reflector front a spheric form. In order, however, to se-' cure, for instance, a prismatic plate of uniform thickness or depth, the process is so carried out and the apparatus so constructed that the reflecting aperture is arranged to conform to the front face, while the axes of the reflecting units are parallel.
The reflector may be formedbasically, and generally in accordance with the process and bythe mould described in Patent No. 1,591,-
Serial No. 407,816.
572. One of the mould members is, however, provided with a spheric front-forming surface while the other mould member has the elements thereof assembled and arranged t conform the reflector forming matrix thereof generally to that spheric surface. This is accomplished by locating the elements by a spheric surface while the axes of these elements remain parallel.
Referring now to the accompanying drawing, 1 designates a plate, which is in this particular embodiment of circular contour,
although it will be understood that the requirements, the particular radius shown being suitable to obtain the desired results, although it will be understood that various other formations may be employed. The units, as assembled to form the reflecting apertures, conform generally to and follow the spheric front face of the reflector and the axes of these units are parallel.
Where the reflecting units are triple reflectors arranged in contiguous relation to form the reflector apertures, each of these units has reflecting surfaces arranged relatively at approximate right angles and in a circuit around the axes thereof, so that light impinging thereon from a distant source will be reflected about said axes and back approximate the light source. As described in said patents, however, one or more of thereflecting surfaces may deviate as a whole slightly from optically true right angular relation, in order to cause a definite spread of the reflected light while by the formation of the surfaces or the medium employed, the reflected light is distributed throughout the field of spread in order to direct a definite spreading beam of substantially uniform intensity back towards and visible to an observer located a substantial distance outside the line connecting the reflector with the light source.
The action of the reflector with its front face formed as shown and described is to obviate uncolored reflection approximate the light source. This is fully described in the parent application Serial Number 316,997, to which reference is had.
Referring now toFigure 3, which corresponds in general to Figure 1 of Patent No. 1,591,572, 10 and 11 designate the mould members, 10 being the mould proper while 11 is the plunger; the usual ring is shown at 12. The bottom of the mould cavity is made spheric as shown at 13, to-form the desired front face of the reflector. The plunger 10 carries a series of mould elements 14, which are formed as described in Patent No. 1,591,- 572, to provide, when assembled, a matrix for forming the reflecting surfaces. The reflector-forming faces of the mould elements are provided at the ends thereof; the other ends of these elements, however, bear against a spheric surface 15 conforming to the surface 13 in the mould cavity. The surface 15 may be on a part 16 attached to the plunger, as by screws 17, attaching 11 and 16 to the head 18. The ends of the mould elements engaging the surface 15 are preferably rounded, as shown, and these elements are secured in the part 16 by screws 19. A part 110 secured to 11 is formed to enter the ring 12.
With the mould as shown, the mould elements are secured in position with their axes parallel, but with the matrix conforming generally to the surface 13, forming, as it does, the front face of the reflector. The pressing operation may now be proceeded with in the manner described in Patent No. 1,591,572, and itwill be seen that by the apparatus, the reflector shown in Figures 1 and 2 will be accurately formed to shape, in order to produce a spheric front face and a series of reflecting units on the back, conforming generally to this front face.
While the invention is particularly applicable to the general type of reflector specifically shown and described, it will be understood 'that the invention is applicable in many cases to other forms and types of reflectors. Thus, while a triply reflecting unit is particularly useful and particularly permits attainment of the objects of this invention, when employed as described, other re-v flecting units adapted to direct light impinging thereon at varying angles back approximate the light source may be employed. Moreover, while the invention is particularly applicable to glass reflectors, it will be understood that the term glass is used descriptively and not limitatively. Furthermore, in many of its phases, the invention is applicable to other than prismatic reflectors, as many features of this invention are applicable to reflectors of the hollow or metallic type; in which case, of course, the front of the reflector will provide a cover glass, which is in such case formed to obviate uncolored reflection in the manner described. While .the front face of the reflector is preferably spheric, in order to attain the most desirable results, it will be understood that it may be spheric functionally only; it is, therefore, to be understood that the terms spheric and spherical are used descriptively and not limitatively. It will, furthermore, be understood that certain features, operations and sub-combinations are of utility and may is claimed is:
1. In the art of making reflectors of the characterdescribed and having a series of re fleeting units arranged in contiguous relation, the process comprising, assembling a series of forming elements to provide a matrix of the reflecting surfaces and positioning the elements to conform the matrix generally to a spherical surface, and con forming the units to the matrix.
2. In the art of making reflectors of the character described and having a series of reflecting units arranged in contiguous relation, the process. comprising, assembling a series of forming elements with their ends providing a matrix of the reflecting surfaces and positioning the elements by a spheric surface, and conforming the units to the matrix.
3. In the art of making reflectors of the character described and having a series of reflecting units arranged in contiguous relation, the process comprising, providing a spheric front-forming surface, and assembling and positioning a series of forming comprising, a series of mould elements arranged in assembled relation with their ends forming a matrix and a spheric surface engaging and positioning said elements.
6.- A mould of the character described, comprising, a mould member having a spheric forming face, and a cooperating mould member having a series of mould elements arranged in assembled relation to provide a matrix conforming generally to the forming face on the first mould member.
7. A mould of the character described, comprising, a series of mould elements arranged in assembled relation to provide a matrix, and positioning means for unequally displacing said elements from a reference plane perpendicular to the axes thereof.
- In testimony whereof I have afiixed my signature this 9th day of November 1929.
JONATHAN CASS STIMSON.
US407816A 1928-11-03 1929-11-18 Process and apparatus for making reflecting devices Expired - Lifetime US1906655A (en)

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US316997A US1807350A (en) 1928-11-03 1928-11-03 Reflecting device
US407816A US1906655A (en) 1928-11-03 1929-11-18 Process and apparatus for making reflecting devices

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Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2538638A (en) * 1939-07-17 1951-01-16 Wilson Herbert Frederick Mold for making reflectors
US2723595A (en) * 1951-12-26 1955-11-15 Rupert Richard Reflecting device
US3258840A (en) * 1963-12-05 1966-07-05 Hedgewick Peter Method of making a core for molding reflectors
US3332327A (en) * 1964-10-23 1967-07-25 Elastic Stop Nut Corp Pavement marker
US3657045A (en) * 1969-07-10 1972-04-18 Otto Brudy Method of fabricating faceted pin bundles for molding central triple reflectors
US3739455A (en) * 1971-04-05 1973-06-19 Humphrey Res Ass Method of making fresnelled optical element matrix
US3926402A (en) * 1973-04-24 1975-12-16 Amerace Corp Pin having nonaligned cube axis and pin axis and bundle of such pins
USRE29396E (en) * 1975-02-18 1977-09-13 Amerace Corporation Pin having nonaligned cube axis and pin axis and bundle of such pins
US5565221A (en) * 1993-06-30 1996-10-15 Dbm Reflex Enterprises Inc. Spacing means for reflex pin block
US5610762A (en) * 1994-04-11 1997-03-11 Dbm Reflex Enterprises Inc. Apparatus and method of making reflex molds
US5930041A (en) * 1995-12-01 1999-07-27 Stimsonite Corporation Method of producing cellular retroreflective sheeting
US6200399B1 (en) * 1999-01-14 2001-03-13 Avery Dennison Corporation Method and apparatus for embossing a precision pattern of micro-prismatic elements in a resinous sheet or laminate
US6257860B1 (en) 1997-07-02 2001-07-10 3M Innovative Properties Company Cube corner sheeting mold and method of making the same
US6375776B1 (en) 2000-01-24 2002-04-23 Avery Dennison Corporation Method for forming multi-layer laminates with microstructures
US20060071362A1 (en) * 2004-09-10 2006-04-06 Chunghei Yeung Light management film and its preparation and use
US20060114569A1 (en) * 2003-02-28 2006-06-01 Capaldo Kevin P Brightness enhancement film, and methods of making and using the same
US20080212181A1 (en) * 2005-06-16 2008-09-04 Avery Dennison Corporation Retroreflective Sheet Structure
US10925268B1 (en) * 2015-03-13 2021-02-23 Ray D. Flasco Inside corner cubic surface reflector fishing lure
EP4098143A1 (en) * 2021-06-01 2022-12-07 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Complex moulded article, tool insert for forming a complex moulded article and method for producing the same

Cited By (27)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2538638A (en) * 1939-07-17 1951-01-16 Wilson Herbert Frederick Mold for making reflectors
US2723595A (en) * 1951-12-26 1955-11-15 Rupert Richard Reflecting device
US3258840A (en) * 1963-12-05 1966-07-05 Hedgewick Peter Method of making a core for molding reflectors
US3332327A (en) * 1964-10-23 1967-07-25 Elastic Stop Nut Corp Pavement marker
US3657045A (en) * 1969-07-10 1972-04-18 Otto Brudy Method of fabricating faceted pin bundles for molding central triple reflectors
US3739455A (en) * 1971-04-05 1973-06-19 Humphrey Res Ass Method of making fresnelled optical element matrix
US3926402A (en) * 1973-04-24 1975-12-16 Amerace Corp Pin having nonaligned cube axis and pin axis and bundle of such pins
USRE29396E (en) * 1975-02-18 1977-09-13 Amerace Corporation Pin having nonaligned cube axis and pin axis and bundle of such pins
US5565221A (en) * 1993-06-30 1996-10-15 Dbm Reflex Enterprises Inc. Spacing means for reflex pin block
US5610762A (en) * 1994-04-11 1997-03-11 Dbm Reflex Enterprises Inc. Apparatus and method of making reflex molds
US5930041A (en) * 1995-12-01 1999-07-27 Stimsonite Corporation Method of producing cellular retroreflective sheeting
US6257860B1 (en) 1997-07-02 2001-07-10 3M Innovative Properties Company Cube corner sheeting mold and method of making the same
US6386855B1 (en) 1997-07-02 2002-05-14 3M Innovative Properties Company Cube corner sheeting mold and of making the same
US6318987B1 (en) 1997-07-02 2001-11-20 3M Innovative Properties Company Cube corner sheeting mold and method of making the same
US6200399B1 (en) * 1999-01-14 2001-03-13 Avery Dennison Corporation Method and apparatus for embossing a precision pattern of micro-prismatic elements in a resinous sheet or laminate
EP2263873A1 (en) 2000-01-24 2010-12-22 Avery Dennison Corporation Multi-layer laminates with microstructures
US6375776B1 (en) 2000-01-24 2002-04-23 Avery Dennison Corporation Method for forming multi-layer laminates with microstructures
US20060114569A1 (en) * 2003-02-28 2006-06-01 Capaldo Kevin P Brightness enhancement film, and methods of making and using the same
US7251079B2 (en) 2003-02-28 2007-07-31 General Electric Company Brightness enhancement film, and methods of making and using the same
US20060071362A1 (en) * 2004-09-10 2006-04-06 Chunghei Yeung Light management film and its preparation and use
US7341784B2 (en) 2004-09-10 2008-03-11 General Electric Company Light management film and its preparation and use
US20080212181A1 (en) * 2005-06-16 2008-09-04 Avery Dennison Corporation Retroreflective Sheet Structure
US8177374B2 (en) 2005-06-16 2012-05-15 Avery Dennison Corporation Retroreflective sheet structure
US9308696B2 (en) * 2005-06-16 2016-04-12 Avery Dennison Corporation Retroreflective sheet structure
US10925268B1 (en) * 2015-03-13 2021-02-23 Ray D. Flasco Inside corner cubic surface reflector fishing lure
EP4098143A1 (en) * 2021-06-01 2022-12-07 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Complex moulded article, tool insert for forming a complex moulded article and method for producing the same
WO2022253572A1 (en) * 2021-06-01 2022-12-08 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Tool insert for manufacturing an object, manufacturing method, and object

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