US1903520A

US1903520A - Abrading brush

Info

Publication number: US1903520A
Application number: US474908A
Authority: US
Inventors: Charles E Sturgis
Original assignee: WADDEL P ANDRUS
Current assignee: WADDEL P ANDRUS
Priority date: 1930-08-13
Filing date: 1930-08-13
Publication date: 1933-04-11
Anticipated expiration: 1950-04-11

Description

April 11, 1933. c. E. STURGIS ABRADING BRUSH Filed Aug. 15, 1930 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR Lay cl) yr fifl Z5; ATTQRN EY April 11, 1933. c. E. STURGIS 1,903,520

ABRADING' BRUSH Filed Aug. 13,1950 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 wall, 4

INVENTOR 01mm 6 xsfiauigdy 7L5 ATTORNEY C. E. STURGIS ABRADING BRUSH April -1 1,- 1933.

Filed Aug.l5, 1950 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 R O M. W 1 w W Z143 ATTORNEY April 11, 1933. E. STURGIS ABRADING BRUSH Filed. Aug 15, 1950 4 Sheet-Sheet 44 for each other.

vention is to providean abrading brush havof coiled bristles.

" brush embodying the present Patented Apr. 11, 1933 i UNITED STATES: PATENT, OFFICE, l

cHAnLnsn. STURGIS, or ROCHESTER, iinw YoRmAssIenon or ONE-HALF :ro WADDEL r. nnnnns, or nocnns'rnmnnw YORK AB ADING BRUSH Application filed. August 13, 1930. Serial 110.474,!308.

The present invention relates to abrading brushes, and an object thereof is to provide a construction which will employ coiled wire as its bristles to obtain the maximum abrading action while giving durability to the brush. Still another object of the inventionis to associate bristles of coiled wires in tufts or groups in such a manner that the bristles of each group or tuft acts as supports A further object of the ining coiled bristles so mounted as to confine the abrading action substantially to the free ends of the coils. the invention is to so support coiled bristles that the crystallization of the bristles is delayed to give longer life to the brush. Another and further object of the'invention is to provide a novel method of forming a tuft Still another and further objectis to provide novel supporting means for the brush tufts. V

In these and other ends, the invention consists of certain parts and combinations of parts all of which will be herein-after de;

scribed, the novel features being pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings: V r Fig. 1 is a side View of a hand abrading invention; Fig. 2 is a bottom view; Fig. 3 is a perspective View of the anchor ing plate or member used in the embodiment shown in Figs. 1 and 2; Fig. 4 is a vertical section through one of the tuft elements;

, Fig. 5 is a bottom view of one of the tuft elements; i

Fig. 6 is an enlarged fragmentary, sectional view of one of the tuft elements;

' Fig. 7 is an axial section through a rotary abrading brush embodying the present in-' vention, the tuft element being also modified;

Fig. 8 is aside view with parts broken away of the brush shown in Fig. V

w F igsn 9 and 10 are fragmentary detail views of the brush shown in Figs. 7 and 8;

Figs. 11, 12,- 13 and Mare fragmentary views of different modifications of the coiled i bristles I A still further object ofv Figs. 15 and16 are views showing steps in the method of making the tuft element;

Fig. 17. is a perspective view of the bristle holding cap before it is applied to a tuft of bristles. i

Fig. 18 isa side View of the tools by which the bristles are assembled in the cap before the cap is fitted to the bristles; Fig. 19 shows the tools in vertical section with the cap fitted to the tuft of bristles;

Fig. 20 shows the manner in which the bris tles are distorted .at their them in the caps;

Fig. 21- is a bottom view of another embodiment of the'invention; 1

Fig. 22 is a vertical section of the embodi upper ends to hold 7 ment of the invention shown in Fig. 21; and r Fig. 23 is a view. of another embodiment of the tufts in which the bristles are soldered together. i 1

In-the illustrated embodiments of the invention, the abrading brush has bristles in the form of closely wound wire coils arranged so that each coil has lateral support substantially throughout its length by other coils; Pref-- erably the coils are arranged in groups or tufts in order to give a. certain amount of lat-.. eral flexibility while providing spaces be; tween the groups or tufts in whichthecloose' material may pass.-. The lengths of the coils with reference to'the outside diame'tersfarepreferably such that while flexing slightly during the abrading action the coils'will sup-J port each other. It is preferred to employ a highlytempered steel wire such for instance outside diameter of thirty-five thousandths of an inch to one eighth of an inch and hav 'a single plane transversely ofthe coils and may be formed in various ways to obtain differentcutting actions In Fig. 11,1the coil '1 I hasan end 2 which is ground to produce a knife edgefin Fig. 12 the end '2 is'separated r w as a piano wire'wound foreXampleto an of different'diameters both in the coils and the Wire andarranged one within the other but wound in difierent directions thus providing two cutting points 2 and 2 The group or tuft arrangement of the coils may be obtained by providin for each group 7 a separate group holding device. Three examples of the holding device are shown, one

in the embodiment illustrated in Figs. 1 to 6 and another in-the construction shown n Figs. 7 to 22 and the third in Fig. 23. In the example illustrated in Figs. 1. to 6,

the-group coils 1. are held at one end'b-y a cap which has its side or flange pressed inwardly and outwardly at 3 on an inward curve, the inner portion ofv the curve being spaced from the top of the cap and the outer portion 5 of the flange being substantially perpendicular to the top of the cap. The top of the cap is forced by pressure against the ends of the coils and causes said'ends to be placed under compression with the cap, caus-- 'ing'the ends of the outer coils to spread out- Wardly beyond the sides of the group. The

group as shown at 7, Fi 's. 4 and central portion 6 of the top of the cap is not subjected to as much pressure as the marginal or edge portion 4 with the result that the outer'coils are clamped or gripped between the portion 4 and the curved portion 3 of the coils. While the flange of the cap is pressed tightly against the sides of the group of coils. it'is not so much this pressure of the'flange that secures the coils as it is the expansion or spreading of the cap adjacent its base and the compression and spreading of the coils nto the expanded or spread portion of the cap. This spreading may be assisted by elim: inating one or more coils at the center'of the 5 and providing a central opening in the cap with a surrounding inwardly extending flange 8 which will project into the space provided elimination of the central coil, this flange assisting in the spreading of the adjacent ends of the coils as at 9 and more effectively holding the group of. coils. The elimination of the. central coil also gives greater flexibility to the group or tuft of coils and provides a space where fine particles may collect. It also serveas a feeding space for a lubricant fed through the opening in the holding cape" In the second example, the holding cap is the same except that it does not have the central opening inits top, and the central coil is not removed from the group. This construction is preferably used when greater rigidlt'y is desired in the grouper tuft of 0011s.

The third example of the tuft or group of bristles is shown in Fig. 23. In this construction the parallel arrangement of the bristles is obtainable in a more simple man- Mr and while the cap construction is preferred in many instances, this modified form 7 has advantages. is In this modified form, the bristles are held in close parallel relation and are dipped in solder which flows between the coils and also into the coils forming practically a homogeneous holding body at the upper ends of the coils. -This construction does not require the compression of the'coils.

A novel means which may be employed for making and attaching a cap to the group of tuft or coils (see Figs. 15 to 20 inclusive) comprises, in this instance, a holding tool in the form of an open ended sleeve or tube 10 of hard steel arranged in a carrier 11 and having its upp-er end flared at 12. A plunger or rod 13 is adjustable longitudinally in the carrier 11 and. the sleeve 10 by means of a screw 14 engaging the lower end of the plunger. The upper end of the plunger forms the bottom of a chamber whose side walls are formed by the inner face of the sleeve 10. This chamber serves to receive and confine the group of coils while the cap is being applied thereto. With the endinview of fitting the group of coils in this chamber, the number of coils (previously determined) to be assembled in the group are 7 collected and an open split band 15 is passed about them and clamped by pinchers or pliers 16 as shown in Fig. 16 to close the band. The coils projectfrom one side of this band so that their projecting portions may be introduced into the chamber of the holding tool. During their introduction'the split confining sleeve 15-is slipped off the group, the coils of which are caused to engage the bottom of the chamber. At this time the upper ends ofth-e coils in the group project slightly above'the top of the chamber and the upper "end of the sleeve 10. While in this position the group of coils has a cap fitted thereover. The form of the V cap at this time is shown iniFig. 17 Its V flange throughout the height thereof is perpendicular to the top of the cap or is of uni form diameter, the interior diameter being only slightly greater than the external diameter of the group or tuft of coils so that the cap fits snugly about the group of coils. The upper ends of the coils abut the top of the cap while the free edge of the flange of the cap lies over the flared port-ion 12 of the sleeve 10.

Arranged to operate above the cap is a plung er die 17 (see Figs. 18 and l9) which has a slight depression 18 in theun-derside, the diameter of this depression being slightly less than the diameter of the cap shown in Fig. 17. When the two tools are forced together, the upper side portion of the cap expands as shown in Fig. 20, the top of the cap is forced against the upper portions of the coils, and the portion is compressed against the sides of the group of coils with the results that the upper ends of thecoils are compressed and deflected or spread outwardly, those portions adjacent the bulged portion of the cap bending into said bulged portion or in other Words being clamped or gripped between theportion 4 and the portion 3 of the cap. At

the same time, the group of coils are pressed together sidewise by the portion 5"Which enters the main bore of the sleeve 10. v '3 The sleeve holds the group of coils against distortion beyond the cap so thatthe group has a substantially cylindrical form beyond the cap held in this position by the po'rtio'ng5 of the cap and each coil lies in abutment with the proximate coils substantially throughout its length and is thereby supported laterally.

Various means may be employed for sup-' porting the group or tuft elements "shown herein. However in each of the supporting means it is preferred to employan anchoring device which will permit the group element 7 to turn or rotate therein and will act as a sup port for the coils or bristles beyond the cap, and will tend to cause the cap to tighten on the bristles.

In the embodimentof the supporting means shown in Figs. 1 to 3 inclusive, when the invention is embodied in a hand brush, 18 in dicates a brush head having'a handle 19. The

head has an anchoring member secured thereto andpreferably comprising a plate portion 20'hav1ng two converging flanges 21 projecting from the rear face thereof and-secured to the head 18 preferably by producing two con-,

verging abutments 22 on the head for engagement by the converging flanges 21. The plate portion 20 lies in spaced relation to a surface 23 on the head, and is provided with openings.

About these openings are rearwardly projectlng and flaring annular flanges 24 which act as seats for engaging the flanges of the caps of the group or tuft elements while the bottoms of the caps rest against the abutment surface 23, with the result that the group or tuft elements may turn in the anchoring member, and the flared seats of the latter tend to 7 force the flanges of the caps in tight engage-f ment with the coils. Beyond each seat, each opening is surrounded by a flared wall 25 which will engage a groupof bristles beyond the holding cap thereof. This flared portion acts to prevent the sharp bending of the coils by the free edge of the cap and thus adds life to the coils by making them not so liable to crystallization from bending. form, worn out group elements may be replaced by shifting the anchoring member on the guides of the brush head to remove the anchoring member with the group elements thereon.

In the supporting means shown in Figs. 7

to 10 inclusive, the anchoring member is in With this the form of a strap or split band 26 on adrum or wheel formed, in this instance, by two disks 27 having abutting depressed central portions receiving bearing members 28 and held against'a collar or shoulder 29 on a shaft 30 by a nut 31. By substituting members 28 having different sized bearing openings,

shafts of different diameters may be'employed in connection with-the brush;- The supporting disks 27 are also provided'betwe'en them with abutments 32 in the form of in wardl'y pressed annular ribs'against which the caps of the group elements rest or abut and beyond these abutment ribs 32 or adjacent the'margin'of'the wheel annular in-.

wardly presented shoulders 33 are provided tlesbeyond the caps. The coiled bristles are 7 of-ispecial advantage when used with abrush of this type forwhen the brush is rotated in a direction to carry the peripheral portion downwardly in, front of the'operative the 1 bristles havea tendency to spring or snap V downwardly after beingengaged and placed under lateral tension by a work piece, thus preventing centrifugal force carrying the bristles back to the operative and possibly injuring his eyes or face. V

' Inthe embodiment shown in Figs. 21 and 22, the holder embodies a stem 36 having an" annular shoulder 37 against which abuts a cup shaped or flanged abutment member or holder 38. In this'holder is received an anchoring member in the form of a disk 39' formed with flaring seats 24 for thecapsof the groups or tuft elements which abut'the holder .38, project through the opening of the anchoring member 39 and are supported in their bristles beyond-the caps by the flaring portions25 about the openings. The anchoring member 39 may be held to 'theholder 38 V by upsetting the end of theshaft 36 over the outer-face of the anchoring member 39 after passing the shaft through the anchoring member;' i

From the foregoing it will be novel and effective abrading brush or tool having coiled bristles has been provided.

/Vhatl 'claim'as my invention and to secure by Letters Patent is: l 1. The combination with a tuft of coiled bristles, of a holding device surrounding the tuftand in the form of a cap forming a seen that a a desire band exteriorly compressed around-the tuft of brist'lestoclamp the same, said cap having a. marginal expanded portion adj acent the top Wall of the cap into which the ends of the coils are laterally deflected to spread the same, said top wall holdingthe endsof the coils under compression.

2. The combination with a tuft of coiled bristles, of a holding device surrounding the tuft and in the form of a cap forming a band exteriorly compressed around the tuft of bristles to clamp the same, said cap having a marginal expanded .portion adjacent the top wall of the cap into which theends of the coils are laterally deflected to spread the same, saidntop wall holding the ends of the coils under compression, and the side Walls of the cap having an inwardly. tapering.

f curve below said expanded portion.

3. The combination with atuft of coiled wires, of a holding device for the coilsin the formv of a cap including a top wall and a side wall and made of sheet metal and forming a band exteriorly compressed around the bristles to clamp the same, said cap having its top wall holding the adjacent end portions of the coils under compression and" the side wall of the cap holding the sides of the tuft under greatest pressureaway from the extreme top ends. a

4; The combination with a tuft of coiled bristles,'of means for securing said bristles together at one end, comprising a band exteriorly compressed-intermediate of its edges to clamp the bristles, said band being ex panded between its compressed portion and.

the inner ends of the bristles, the inner ends being laterally deflected and spread within the expanded portion of the band.

5. The combination with a tuft of coiled inner end of the band being extended inward 1y over the ends of the bristles.

: 6. An abrading brush having bristles formed of two coils one within the other.

7 The combination with a tuft of coiled bristles and means for securing said bristles in close arrangement at one end, of an an-f choring member having openings through which the tufts of bristles are passed, the walls of'the openings engaging the bristles beyond said securing means flaring out- Wardly. I

' 8. An abrading brush comprising a tuft of coiled bristles, means for securing said securing said bristles together at one end, and an anchoring member having a flared annular seat in which said tapered means is received and in which said tuft'has rotative movement. r

10. The combination with a tuft of bristles, and annular means securing said bristles together at one end, of an anchoring member having a circular opening in which said tuft is mounted to turn about an axis extending longitudinally of the tuft so that an equal wearing action onthe tuft is obtained.

. 11. The combination with a support having an abutment, of ananchoring member carried by the support and provided with an opening, the outer portion of the wall of which flares, a flared annular seat about the opening on the side next to the abutment, and a tuft of bristles abutting the abutment, extending through the opening, and having an annular bristle holding means seated in the seat androtatable therein to permit the tuft of bristles toturn, the bristles beyond the holding means being normally spaced from but .engageablev with the outer flared portion of the wall of the opening.

12. An'abrading brush comprising a ring shaped bristle support having openings, a

" tuft of bristles extending through each of said openings, and two disk like members supporting the ring shaped bristle support and each having a surface engaging thevinner end of thetufts of bristles in said openings, Y

' 13. An abrading brush comprising a rotatablemember, a tuft of bristles, and means for .rotatably mounting said tuft of bristles in the rotatable member on an axis radial to the rotatable member, whereby the rotation of the said rotatable member may cause a rotation of the tuft of bristles when the latter is engaged with a surface.

- CHARLES E. STURGIS.

bristles together at one end, and a flared sur- I face surrounding said'tuft beyond said secured portions to prevent sharp bending of the coils-adjacent their secured portions. 7

9. The combination with a tuft of bristles,

of annular means having a tapering portion