US1899605A - Circuit interrupter - Google Patents

Circuit interrupter Download PDF

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Publication number
US1899605A
US1899605A US413012A US41301229A US1899605A US 1899605 A US1899605 A US 1899605A US 413012 A US413012 A US 413012A US 41301229 A US41301229 A US 41301229A US 1899605 A US1899605 A US 1899605A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
arc
plates
liquid
slots
circuit interrupter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US413012A
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English (en)
Inventor
Benjamin P Baker
Ernest G Kees
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CBS Corp
Original Assignee
Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL32172D priority Critical patent/NL32172C/xx
Application filed by Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Co filed Critical Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Co
Priority to US413012A priority patent/US1899605A/en
Priority to US453909A priority patent/US2117893A/en
Priority to DE1930584993D priority patent/DE584993C/de
Priority to FR39440D priority patent/FR39440E/fr
Priority to GB36438/30A priority patent/GB372284A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1899605A publication Critical patent/US1899605A/en
Priority to DES112535D priority patent/DE637744C/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/08—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H33/10—Metal parts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/72—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid having stationary parts for directing the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid, e.g. arc-extinguishing chamber
    • H01H33/75—Liquid-break switches, e.g. oil-break
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/76—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid wherein arc-extinguishing gas is evolved from stationary parts; Selection of material therefor

Definitions

  • Our invention relates to circuit interrupters and particularly to circuit interrupters of the liquid-immersed type.
  • One object of our invention is to provide an arc extinguishing means adjacent to the arc-drawing members of a circuit interrupter of the above mentioned ty e that shall have an improved performance, s all increase the interrupting capacity thereof, shall increase the a speed with which a circuit is interrupted and shall decrease the amount of deterioration of the oil or similarly employed fluid.
  • Another object of our invention is to provide the contacts of a circuit-interrupter of the above mentioned type with two series of slotted insulating plates that, together with the adjacent fluid shall 0 erate to extinguish the are as the arc is move in the slots.
  • a further object of our invention is to intersperse the aforementioned slotted insulating plates with plates of magnetic material that shall distort the field about the arc in such manner as to force the are into the slots and thereby insure close proximity of the arc with the fluid adjacent to the insulating plates.
  • a still-further object of our invention is to provide a series of recesses in conjunction with the slots of the above noted insulating members that shall tra the fluid therein in such manner that the uid will be available for extinguishing the arc as it moves throu h the said recesses under the influence of t e magnetic field.
  • a further object of our invention is to provide a suitable magnetic field, in such relation to the are drawing members, that the arc will, when partially surrounded by magnetic material, be magnetically forced against the side of the gas bubble that is formed around the arc, as a result of the flow of current in the arc.
  • a still further object of our invention is to r use the aforementioned magnetic field and recesses in the slotted insulating plates, in such manner that a quantity of oil will be trapped in the recesses and prevented from moving away from the arc, thus causing the arc, as it moves under the influence of the magnetic field, to be brought into intimate contact with the oil.
  • the vaporized oil and gas thus formed is forced to enter the arc stream and thereby produce a very efiective means of deioniza-tion at the zero value of the current wave.
  • an oilimmersed circuit interrupter is most desirable when considered from the point of view of insulation at the higher voltages.
  • a gas bubble is immediately formed upon drawing the arc, which separates the are from the column of oil forming the wall of the gas bubble.
  • the arcing continues until the bubble and are become so distorted that the continuity of the gas bubble is broken and effective deionization takes place in the arc stream.
  • This continued arcin results in oil deterioration, building up 0 excess pressures and excessive generation of explosive ases, which sometimes result in disaster. onsiderable effort has been expended to reduce the hazard associated therewith and many devices such as baflles, vents, pressure casings, etc, have been suggested and tried, which, while relieving the situation somewhat, were unsuccessful in removing the source of danger.
  • igure 1 is an elevational view in section of a circuit interrupter embodying our invention
  • Figure 2 is aview in elevation of a somewhat difl'erent embodiment of the extinguisher device shown in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail view partly apparatus shown in Fig. 3 taken along the J line IVIV thereof;
  • Fig. 5 is a bottom plan view of the apparatus shown in Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 6 is a plan view of a plurality of plates of the extinguishing means shown in Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 7 is a sectional view of apparatus shown in Fig. 6 taken along the line VlVl thereof;
  • Fig. 8 is a plan view of a plurality of plates of she extinguishing means shown in Fig. 2; an
  • Fig. 9 is a sectional View of the apparatus shown in Fig. 8 taken along the line VIII- VIII thereof.
  • Our invention comprises in general a casing 1. provided with a cover 2 that supports conductor bushings 3 and 4 in a manner well known in the art.
  • Stationary conducting members 5 and 6 are supported on the conductor bushings 3 and 4, respectively, and are immersed in an insulating liquid 7 that is contained within the casing 1.
  • a conducting bridging member 8 is supported on a lift rod 9 that extends through the cover 2 and is connected to an actuating mechanism (not shown), that operates the bridging member 8 to open and closed positions.
  • Associated with the bridging member 8 and supported on the conducting members 5 and 6, respectively, are plate assemblies comprising the arc extinguishing structure 11 in Figure 1 or the structure 12 in Figure 2.
  • the contact arrangement and the arc extinguishing structure are here shown as comprising the combination of the extinguishing devices 11 and 12 of Figures 1 and 2 respectively and it is to be .understood that the extinguisher structure may be such as disclosed in either Figures 1 and 2 or a combination of the two as shown in Figure 3.
  • the stationary conducting member 5 has a conducting plate 13 attached to its lower end that has extensions 14 thereon for supporting a contact member 15 by means of a pin and slot 16.
  • a flexible conductor 17 connects the contact member 15 to the plate 13 by means of bolts 18 and 19.
  • Springs 21 are positioned between the plate 13 and the contact member 15 to bias the latter downwardly when the bridging member 8 is first moved toward the open position.
  • the ends of the bridging member 8 are rovided with vertically tapered contacting members 22 that have raised portions 23 and 24, thereon the former of which first breaks contact in a similar manner to the main contacts of circuit interrupters heretofore employed in the art. As the member 22 continues to move downwardly, the contacting,
  • the contact member 15' has an insulating member 25 of U-shape thereabout to confine the arc to the contact member as the arc terminal is moved therealong.
  • a metal shield 26 encloses the plate 13, the shunt 17 and the contact member 15 in order to reduce the corona losses and the possibility of voltage breakdown to the side of the casing 1.
  • the members 25 and 26 are best illustrated in Figures 4 and 5, wherein the plate 13 is shown provided with four apertures 27 through which insulated bolts 28 extend for supporting the arc extinguishing structure 11 on the conducting member .5.
  • the are extinguishing structure 11 comprises a plurality of plates 29 and 31 of insulating and magnetic material, respectively, as illustrated in Figs. 3 to 9.
  • Each of the insulating plates 29 is provided with a slot 32 and four apertures 33 that conform in dimension and position to the apertures 27 in the plate 13 heretofore mentioned.
  • Each slot 32 has a funnel-like entrance portion 34 and a narrow inner portion 35.
  • One or more magnetic members 31 made of iron or other magnetizable material are disposed between pairs of insulating plates 29, said magnetizable plates having a wide slot 36 which is alined with the inner narrow slot 35 of the insulating plate 29.
  • the magnetic plates 31 have a pair of holes 37 therein that aline with the two rearmost holes 33 in the insulating plate
  • An insulating liner 38 of U-shape is inlaid adjacent the slot 36 of the magnetizable plates 31, in order to prevent the are from coming into contact with the magnetizable plates when the arc is moved in the slot.
  • the insulating liner 38 has a slot 39 which is wider than the slots 35 in the insulating plates 29,
  • Spacers 42 are provided between a plurality of units 43 of the plates 29 and 31 to form an open stack of lates.
  • Fig. 7 is a section 0 one of the units 43, a plurality of which are spaced apart and constitute the arc extinguishing structure 11 having spaces 42 wherein portions of the liquid and are may move laterally between the units.
  • insulating plates 44 are shown as being spaced between a plurality of the groups 43 2 and in the lower broken por in place of the s'a'cers 42 of the open stack construction, to and a continuous vertically-enclosed slot into which the arc is moved.
  • These plates 44 that are employed to fill up the spaces between the units 43, are provided with a plurality of slotted circular openings or recesses 45, as shown in Fig. 8, which are employed to trap the liquid and to prevent it from being moved ahead of thearc.
  • each recess 45 will trap some of the liquid 7 and retain it for engagement with the are core as it is moved within the slot.
  • circuit interrupter When the circuit interrupter is in closed position, as shown in Fig. 1.
  • suitable tripping mechanism (not shown but well known in the art), is provided, that is actuated upon an increased current condition in the circuit or other predetermined condition, permit the bridging member 8 and its extensions 22 to move downwardly, thereby drawing a pair of arcs in series between the raised portions 24 and the contact members 15.
  • the arcs so drawn will be positioned at the funnel-like entrance 34 of the slots 32 and the field about the arcs will be so distorted by the magnetic plates 31 that the arcs will be moved inwardly into the narrow portion 35 of the slots.
  • the magnetic force available for moving the arc increases with an increase in current.
  • the channel 41 between the plates 29 and the plurality of recesses 45 in the plates 44 are provided.
  • a body of liquid, a pair of of contact members one of which is movable to draw an arc, and an are extinguishing structure for extinguishing said are in contact with said liquid, including means of insulating material defining a passage in which said contact member is movable, the part of said passage along which said contact member is moved having portions thereof of a width not materially greater than the width of said movable contact member, and portions of said passage along the length of the arc path being closed on three sides and open'on the fourth side whereby the gas formed by the action of the are on said liquid is caused to flow laterally through the are and out said open side of the passage.
  • a body of liquid, a pair of contact members one of which is movable to draw an arc, and an arc extinguishing structure for extinguishing said are in contact with said liquid including a stack of plates of insulating material having openings therein in which said contact member is movable, the width of said opening in some of said plates at the portion thereof where said contact member is moved being not substantially greater than the width of said movable contact, and the openings through some of said plates being at a distance from the outer edge of the plates on three sides and extending to the outer edge of the plates on the fourth side whereby a lateral vent for the arc gases is provided.
  • a pair of separable contacts, a body of arcextinguishingliquid surrounding said separable contacts, and an arc extinguishingv structure comprising means of insulating material having a passage in which one of said contacts is movable ,to draw the are, said passage having portions along the path where the arc is initially drawn of a width not materially greater than the width of said movable contact, and said passage being closed along its whole' length on three sides and having open portions on its fourth side leading laterally into said body of arc extinguishing liquid.
  • a body of liquid means for causing an arc, and an are extinguishing structure including means of insulating material having a passage for the arc therethrough, said passage having portions thereof indented forming recesses for said liquid, and venting means leading laterally into said body of liquid from said passage, said venting means extending to only one side of said passage from any portion along the length thereof.
  • a body of liquid means for causing an arc, and an are extinguishin structure including a stack of plates of insulating material having openings therethrough for the arc, the openings 1n some of said plates having portions of greater width than the corresponding portions of the openings in the plates on each side thereof to form recesses for said liquid, and the openings in some of said plates extending to one outer ed e only of the plates to form lateral vents roin the arc path.
  • a body of liquid means for causing an arc, and an arc extinguishing structure including means of insulating material having a passage for the arc therethrough, said passage having portions thereof of greater width than the portions of the passage contiguous thereto forming recesses. for said liquid, said passage being closed on three sides along the portion thereof where the arcis first drawn and having open portions on the fourth side providing vents from said passage laterally into said body of 1i uid.
  • a body of liquid, a pair of contact members one of which is movable to draw an arc, and an arc extinguishing structure for extinguishing said are 1n contact with said liquid including means of insulating material defining a passage in which said contact member is movable, the part of said passage along which said contact member is moved having portions thereof of a width not materially greater than the width of said movable contact member, and said passage having portions thereof of a greater width than the portions of the passage contiguous thereto forming recesses for said liquid, and portions of said passage along the length of the arc path being closed on three sides and open on the fourth side whereby the gas formed by the action of the are on said liquid is caused to flow laterally through the arc and out said open side of the passage.
  • Irra circuit interrupter a body of liquid, a pair of contact members one of which is movable to draw an arc, and an arc extinguishing structure for extinguishing said are in contact with said'liquid including a stack of plates of insulating material having openings therein in.
  • the width of said opening in some of said plates at the portion thereof where said contact member is moved being not substantially greater than the width of said movable contact, and the width of said opening in some of said plates being greater at portions thereof than the width of the corresponding portions of the openings in the plates on each side thereof, and the openings through some of said plates being at a distance from the outer edge of the plates on three sides and extending to the outer edge of the plates on the fourth side' whereby a lateral vent for the arc gases is provided.
  • an arc extinguishing structure including means of insulating material having a passage therethrough for the arc, a plurality of plates of magnetic material positioned along said passage, said lates of magnetic material having 0 non ed slots and the edges of said slots ad acent said open ends being substantially parallel, and means for initially drawing the are within said slot.
  • a body of arc extinguishing liquid means for drawing an arc in said liquid, and an arc extinguishing structure'including a stack of plates, some of said plates being of magnetic material and having slots extending thereinto from the outer edge of the plates, and the edges ofsaid slots being substantially parallel adjacent said outer edge of the plates of magnetic material, and some of said plates being of insulating material and having openings extending thereinto from the outer edge of the plates, and the edges of said openings-adjacent said outer edge of the plates of insulating material being outwardly flared.
  • a body of arc extinguishing liquid in said liquid including means of insulating material defining a relatively narrow passage in which the arc is movable, said passage having a portion of a length several times greater than its width and being closed on at least three sides, a plurality of indentations along the sides of said passage for retaining said liquid, and means for drawing the arc in said passage.
  • means for drawing an are including a movable contact member, a body of liquid in which said are is drawn, an arc extinguishing structure having a passage in which said movable Eontact member draws the arc, said passage hav- 40 ing portions of a width at the part thereof where said are is drawn by said movable contact vmember not substantially greater than the width of said movable contact member, and said passage having portions along the length thereof closed on three sides and open on the fourth side providing a vent from the arc path through the side of said are extinguishingstructure.
  • a liquid circuitinterrupter means for causing an arc, means defining a groove, said groove having portions of liquid-absorb- 7 ing material for retaining said liquid, and
  • means for causing an are means defining a groove having an open side, widened portions at intervals along said groove for holding liquid for supplying an arc extinguishing gas when acted upon by the arc, and means for causing said are extinguishing gas to move laterally through said are and out the open side of said groove.
  • a body of. liquid a plurality of plates of absorbent material for retaining said liquid, said plates defining a slot and said slot having a length several times its width and means for causing an arc in said slot.
  • a body of liquid a plurality of slotted plates of absorbent insulating material for retaining said liquid, means for causing an arc, and means for moving said arc into said slots.
  • a body of liquid a plurality of slotted plates of absorbent material for retaining said liquid, means for causing an arc in said slots, and a plurality of magnetic plates interposed between said absorbent plates at spaced intervals.
  • a circuit interrupter In a circuit interrupter, a bod of liquid, a plurality of slotted plates 0 absorbent material for retainin said liquid, means for causing an arc in said slots, a plurality of magnetic plates interposed between said absorbent plates at spaced intervals, and means for protecting said magnetic plates from the arc.
  • a body of li uid an arc-deionizing structure in contact with said body of li uid, said structure including a plurality 0 groups of plates each including a pair of plates of insulating material having slots therein and a plate of magnetic material having a slot therein interposed between said insulating plates, and a plurality of plates of absorbent material having slots therein between said groups of plates.
  • a body of liquid an arc-deionizing structure in contact with said body of 1i uid, said structure including a plurality 0% groups of plates each including a pair of plates of insulating material having slots therein and a plate of 45 magnetic material having a slot therein interposed between said insulating plates, and a plurality of plates of absorbent material having slots therein between said grou s of plates, the slots in all of said plates eing 50 aligned forming a groove in which the arc is moved in contact with the liquid retained along said groove by said plates.
  • a body of liquid an arc-deionizing structure in contact with said body of h uid, said structure including a plurality 0 groups of plates each including a pair of plates of insulating material having slots therein and a plate of magnetic material having a slot therein interposed between said insulating plates, and a plurality of plates of absorbent material havmg slots therein between said groups of plates, the slots in all of said plates being aligned forming a groove in which the are is moved in contact with the liquid retained along said being close said slots.
  • a body of liquid an arc-deionizing structure in contact with said body of liquid, said structure including a plurality of groups of plates each including a pair of plates of insulating material having slots therein and a plate of magnetic material having a slot therein interposed between said insulating plates, and an insulating strip between said insulating plates for protecting the edge of said magnetic plate from the arc.
  • a body of liquid an arc-deionizing structure in contact with said body of liquid, said structure including a plurality of groups of plates each including a pair of plates of insulating material having slots therein and a plate of magnetic material having a slot therein interposed between said insulating plates, and a plurality of plates of absorbent material having slots therein between said groups of plates, said plates of absorbent material having pockets therein for retaining said liquid.
  • an arc-deionizinz structure in contact with said body of liquid, said structure including a plurality of groups of plates each including a pair of plates of insulating material having slots therein and a plate of magnetic material having a slot therein interposed between said insulating plates, and an insulating strip between said insulating plates for protecting the edge of said magnetic plate from the arc, said plates of absorbent material having pockets therein for retaining said liquid, the slots in all of said plates being aligned forming a groove in which the arc is moved in contact with the liquid retained along said groove by said plates, and said groove being closed on all sides except at one end of said slots.
  • a body of liquid means for causing an arc and means (groove by said plates, said groove on all sides except at one end of 'for setting up a magnetic field for moving said are in said liquid, comprising a plurality of spaced slotted members of, mag
  • netic material surrounding the path of said are and energized thereby, and insulating members extending along the whole length of the edge of the slot for protecting said members of magnetic material from contact with the arc.
  • a body of liquid means for causing an arc, and an arc extinguishing structure including a stack of plates of insulating material having openings therethrough for the arc, the openings in some of said plates having portions of greater width than the corresponding portions of the openings in the plates on each side thereof to form recesses for said liquid,
  • a body of arc extinguishing liquid an arc extinguishing structure including means of insulating material having a passage therethrough for the arc, a plurality of plates of magnetic material positioned along said passage, said plates of magnetic material having open ended slots and the edges of said slots adjacent said open ends being substantially parallel, means for initially drawing the are within said slot, and venting means from said passage to said body of liquid extending between some of said plates of magnetic material.
  • a body of liquid a pair of contact members one of which is movable todraw an arc and initially break the circuit. and an arc extinguishing structure for extinguishing said are in contact with said liquid.
  • means of insulating material defining a passage in which said contact member which initially breaks the circuit is movable. the part of said passage along which said contact member is moved having portions thereof of a width not materially greater than the width of said movable contact member, andportions of said passage along the length of the arc path being closed on three sides and open on the fourth side whereby the gas formed by the action of the are on said liquid is caused to flow laterally through the arc and out said open side of the passage.
  • a pair of separable members which initially break the circuit a body of 'arc extinguishing liquid surrounding said separable members, and an arc extinguishing structure comprising means of insulating material having a passage in which one of said members is movable to draw the arc, said passage having portions along the path where the arc is initially drawn of a width not materially greater than the width of said movable member, and said passage being closed along its Whole length on three sides and having open portions on ber, 1929.

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  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
US413012A 1929-12-03 1929-12-10 Circuit interrupter Expired - Lifetime US1899605A (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL32172D NL32172C (US20020095090A1-20020718-M00002.png) 1929-12-10
US413012A US1899605A (en) 1929-12-10 1929-12-10 Circuit interrupter
US453909A US2117893A (en) 1929-12-10 1930-05-20 Oil circuit breaker
DE1930584993D DE584993C (de) 1929-12-03 1930-09-26 Vorrichtung fuer die Lichtbogenloeschung in Fluessigkeitsschaltern
FR39440D FR39440E (fr) 1929-12-03 1930-11-29 Perfectionnements aux disjoncteurs
GB36438/30A GB372284A (en) 1929-12-10 1930-12-03 Improvements in or relating to electric circuit interrupters
DES112535D DE637744C (de) 1929-12-03 1934-01-20 Vorrichtung fuer die Lichtbogenloeschung in Fluessigkeitsschaltern

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US413012A US1899605A (en) 1929-12-10 1929-12-10 Circuit interrupter

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1899605A true US1899605A (en) 1933-02-28

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US413012A Expired - Lifetime US1899605A (en) 1929-12-03 1929-12-10 Circuit interrupter

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US (1) US1899605A (US20020095090A1-20020718-M00002.png)
GB (1) GB372284A (US20020095090A1-20020718-M00002.png)
NL (1) NL32172C (US20020095090A1-20020718-M00002.png)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2507971A (en) * 1950-06-09 1950-05-16 Forges Ateliers Const Electr Circuit breaker
US2575738A (en) * 1946-12-28 1951-11-20 Westinghouse Electric Corp Circuit interrupter

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2575738A (en) * 1946-12-28 1951-11-20 Westinghouse Electric Corp Circuit interrupter
US2507971A (en) * 1950-06-09 1950-05-16 Forges Ateliers Const Electr Circuit breaker

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Publication number Publication date
NL32172C (US20020095090A1-20020718-M00002.png)
GB372284A (en) 1932-05-03

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