US1898397A - Pile and pile driving - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 21, 1933. A ROTINQFF 1,898,397

FILE AND FILE DRIVING Filed June 24, 1950 i9 flitys.

Patented Feb. 21, 1933 PATENT OFFICE ALEXANDER GEORGE RO'IINOFF, F K INGSWAY, LONDON, ENGLAND FILE AND PILE DRIVING Application filed June 24, 1930, Serial No.'463,507, and in Great Britain June 29, 1929.

This invention relates to piles and pile driving and has for its object to provide an improved method of and means for constructing the pile and for driving it into the ground.

The invention comprises the combination with a removable mandrel by which the pile shoe is'driven into the earth, of a hollow pile shaft (to be filled in with concrete) built in situ around the'mandrel, with means for transmitting a portion of the driving force applied to the mandrel to the pile shaft and for cushioningsaid transmitted force.

The invention further comprises the formation of the pile from a shaft built in situ around the removable driving mandrel and upon the shoe driven by said mandrel, with an anvil axially adjustable along the mandrel to accommodate beneath it sections of 29 the pile shaft as it is built up during the driving of the pile, with means for transmitting as cushioned blows a portion of the driving force applied to the mandrel to the said anvil and pile shaft.

Referring to the-accompanying sheet of explanatory drawing Figure 1 is an elevation at the left hand side and a sectional elevation at the right hand side showing a pile being driven with 39 some sections of the pile shaft built around the driving mandrel.

Figure 2 is a plan view of the anvil at the left hand side and a sectional plan view on the line A B of Figure 1 at the right hand side.

Figure 3 is a View similar to Figure 1 showing a modified construction of pile.

Figure 4 is partly a plan view of the pile and partly a sectional plan view on the line 40 C D of Figure 3.

The same reference letters in the different views indicate the same or similar parts.

In one convenient application of my invention, the shoe 0 is driven into the earth by a mandrel b which may be of tubular, girder or other suitable section, the shoe being sufiiciently larger in outside dimensions than the mandrel so that ahollow pile shaft can be built up thereon around the mandrel. Such shaft may be formed from moulded or precast tubular units or sections 0 as shown in Figure 1, or from bricks d as shown in Figure 3. After a short length of the shaft has been built up or assembled upon the shoe, the nut e which can be secured to the mandrel at varying heights is secured thereto by suitable means such as hereinafter more particularly described, at a short distance above the upper end ofthe built-up section of the pile shaft; between the nut e and collars or rings f and f upon the top of such section, wooden dollies g or springs may be'interposed to cushion the blows transmitted to the pile shaft from the hammer 2 and so prevent damage to the pile shaft. it

In Figure 1, the nut c which can be threadedalong the thread it on the mandrel b is secured thereto at any desired height and so as to transmit the blows applied to the mandrel partly to the rings f and f with the dollies between. The pile shafttherefore receives cushioned blows from the mandrel. The hammer 2 imparts blows in the usual way to the dolly 3 in the dolly holder 4: at the top of the mandrel.

In Figure 3 a cotter 5 through the mandrel transmits a portion of the blow of the hammer 2 to the pile shaft by way of the two parts e, e which screw into one another so as to provide for an adjustment in their overall axial length to vary the pressure between the cotter and the pile shaft. The dollies g cushion the blows as in the previous construction. If the pile shaft is built up from bricks or the like as shown in Figures 3 and 4, although they may be interlocked and grouted, they might become displaced during driving before they enter and are encircled by the ground, indicated at 2'. To prevent this a stationary collar or sleeve like part j maybe arranged to encircle the part of the pile shaft above the ground to prevent such displacement. The sleeve may be divided at is; and the two ends be bolted together. Hinges at m allow the sleeve to be opened 9 and closed. -Asthe pile shaft is driven down into the earth, the nut e is re-adjusted in position along the mandrel b andv further sections 0 or rows of bricks inserted beneath the anvil; r 1

The collar 7 constitutes an anvil to which blows are applied by the collar 7, Figure 1, or 0 Figure 8, which is in rigid engagement with the part 0, Figure 1, or 5, Figure 3, which is movable to different positions along the mandrel Z) according to the axial length of the pile sections beneath the anvil. In Figure 3, the parts 6 and e whilst axially extensible by threading the one out of the other, always provide for the direct rigid connection between the part removably secured to the mandrel and the part c by which the blows are applied to the anvil lVhen driving is completed, the mandrel. Z) is withdrawn and the pile shaft filled in with concrete.

By the employment of my invention, I am enabled to produce a pile in an economical manner, for the pile shaft is built up in situ by units of a standard type and damage thereto during driving is prevented by the means for proportioning the force of the anvil blows received by the said shaft and for cushioning the blows.

That I claim is 1. A pile driving equipment including a mandrel, a preformed pile casing surrounding the mandrel, a collar above said casing loose around the mandrel, screw threaded means around the mandrel whereby rotation of the means around the mandrel will cause relative vertical movement between the means and the mandrel to cause the collar to press upon the top of the casing, and hammer means operative on the mandrel and through the mandrel, the screw-threaded means and collar on to the pile casing.

2. A pile driving equipment including a shoe, a mandrel and a pile casing normally resting on said shoe, a collar loosely fitted around the mandrel and above the pile casing, means adjustable lengthwise of the mandrel and then firmly held in its various adjusted positions on the mandrel from movement lengthwise thereof whereby said collar may be caused to rest on said casing and hold the same on said shoe and hammer means operative on the end of said mandrel the force of which will be transmitted directly through said mandrel to said shoe and indirectly through said vertically fixed means, collar and casing to said shoe.

3. A pile driving equipment comprising a mandrel, a shoe on which the mandrel rests, said shoe at its top being of greater diameter than the mandrel, a pile casing around the mandrel and resting on the shoe, means adjustable on the mandrel and in its adjusted positions being rigidly held by the mandrel from "ertical movement relative to the mandrel, a collar below said means free to move vertically on said mandrel, said collar being held immovable upwardly relative to said mandrel by said means whereby when the mandrel is downwardly driven, said means will cause downward movement of said collar to carry downwardly with the mandrel said pile casing with the shoe.

4. In a pile driving equipment, a shoe, a mandrel adapted to rest on the top of the shoe, a pile shaft built up of precast sections surrounding the mandrel and resting on the top of the shoe, a collar having a groove therein around the mandrel resting on top of said sections, a shock absorber in said groove in the collar, a second collar resting on the shock absorber and free to move on the mandrel, and means rigidly attachable to the mandrel whereby when so attached a hammer blow on the mandrel will cause said means and said collars to force down said tile shaft to maintain its position on the top of said shoe, said means being releasable on said mandrel to allow different heights of said pile shaft to be inserted between said collar and shoe.

5. A pile driving equipment comprising a shoe, a mandrel on the shoe and a precast casing surrounding the mandrel, a collar having its internal diameter larger than the external diameter of the mandrel fitting around said mandrel, means extending laterally from said mandrel, said means being movable up or down around said mandrel and then firmly fixed in place so as to be immovable vertically relative to said mandrel to allow different length sections of the precast shaft to be inserted between said collar and said shoe and to t 'ansmit the force of blows on top of the mandrel through the mandrel and through the laterally extending means and the collar to the sectional easing.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

ALEXANDER GEORGE ROTINOFF.

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