US1893030A

US1893030A - Crusher for glass and the like

Info

Publication number: US1893030A
Application number: US403722A
Authority: US
Inventors: Charles B Kingsley
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1929-10-31
Filing date: 1929-10-31
Publication date: 1933-01-03
Anticipated expiration: 1950-01-03

Description

m smq) C. B. KINGSLEY CRUSHER FOR GLASS AND THE LIKE Filed Oct. 51. 1929 gm'uewtoz Jan 3, 1933.

Patented Jan. 3 1933} PATENT orrlca 3B. museum, or cmraron, rms'rnvam savanna m crass AND THE LIKE Application filed October-31, 1929. Serial releases.

' This invention pertains to apparatus for reducing and cleaning cullet or waste glass preparatory to re-use. The invention 1s perticu arly applicable to reduction of wlre-reinforced cullet, from which the wire must be removed to obtain a usable product.

In the reduction of waste glass it is also desirable to control the grade or size of the product,. and the crushing or breaking uparatus should be adapted for producing t e desired result. Excessive reduction should not occur as that produces obj ectionable glass dust and fine wire particles which do not respond readily to magnetic separation.

The least objectionable apparatus heretofore used has been a pair of closely spaced rolls between which the cullet is passed, but that apparatus does not produce a satisfactory product because it is impossible to maintain uniform thicmess of material being fed to the rolls. The thick portions of the material receive the full ressure of the rolls, forcing them apart and permitting thinner portions of the material to pass through untreated. As a result, in the case of wire glass it is necessary to pass the cullet through the .rolls several times in order to suficiently free the glass from the wire. The rolls must exert revious machines.

high pressures and be composed of special expensive material to resist excessive wear.

Various kinds of jaw crushers and high a so been trie but none has been acceptable. They pulverize the glass too much, are heavy and expensive, and require excessive power to o crate them.

A 1 machines of the roll or crusher type attack the glass by compression, against which the glass is very resistant, consequently great power is required to operate them.

The principal object of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of This is done by a modication of the roll principle in which the cullet is broken up not by compression but principally by impact, against which glass has little resistance.

, Another object is to provide a machinewith wearing parts which are small, cheap, and easily replaefl.

speed grindin or pulverizing machines have is a series of triangular projections 32 which Further and other objects and advantages will be apparent from the specification and claims, and from the accompanyin drawing which illustrates what is now considered the I preferred embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 1 is a view on the line 1 -1 of Fig. 2 showing an end View of the essential parts of the apparatus.

Fig. 2 is a front line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a cross section of one pair of disks, on the line 3-3 of Fig. .1. V

Fig.4 is a diagrammatic showing of a modified form of the invention.

view of the apparatus, on

In general, the apparatus comprises a pair of parallel rotating drums carrying impact devices which. are here shown as rollers supported by the drums and projecting through the cylindrical surfaces thereof. The glass to'be crushed passes between the drums and is broken up by the impact rollers.

Each drum is made up of a number of disks 10 placed side by side on a square shaft 12. The ends of shafts 12 are turned as at 14 to provide bearing surfaces, and the bearings 16 supporting the upper drum are adjustable b handwheels 18 and screws 20 passing throng frame 22 so that the distance between drums may be varied if desired. In practice it has been found advantageous to set the bearings so there is approximately inch clearance between the impact rollers of the two 1 Each disk 10 is provided'near its periphery with a pluralityof integral trunnion ins 2a, upon each of which is mounted a ring-like roller 26 having a bore 28 somewhat larger than the diameter of its trunnion 24: so that the roller has considerable freedom of motion on its trunnion. When disks 10 are mounted on their shafts, the ends of trunnions 24 are against the back surface of the adjacent disk or against an end plate 30, thereby limiting the endwise movement of the rollers on the trun'nions. Around the rim of each disk 10 tend to prevent glass entering the interiors of the drums past rollers 26 and also serve to prevent a roller being thrown out of its drum in case its trunnion should break.

As may be seen in Fig. 2, the backs ofall 109 disks forming the upper drum are toward the left and those of the lower drum are toward the right. The disks are so pro ortion that the above arrangement places t e rims of theopposing hammer rollers 26 of the two drums into a slightly overlapping relation-' ship, as may best be seen at the middle of Fig. '3. This is found to be a particularly advantageous arrangement for producing the desired results.

The apparatus is preferably arranged in practice somewhat as shown in Fig. 1, with the, lane of the shafts inclined at an angle of a ut 45. By means of chain 34 and y gears 36, 38 en aging gears 40, 42 on upper and lower sha s 12 res ectively, the drums are rotated as indicated y arrows in Fig. 1, their adjacent surfaces traveling in the same direction but preferably at different speeds.

Material 44 is fed between the rollers on an inclined chute 46. As the drums revolve, the im act rollers or hammers 26 are normall eld against trunnions 24 by centrifugal orce, but when they encounter the material to be crushed they are free to leave the trunnions and recede radially toward shaft 12 by an amount dep'endent on the thickness of'the material, as is shown in Figs. 1 and 2, particularly Fig. 1, which shows rollers 'in contact with material 44 but out of contact with their corresponding trunnions. Thus it will be ap reciated that the material being crushed is su jected to hammer blows by impact rollers free to adapt themselves to the ture further adds to the flexibility of o era tion of the crushing function of the mac ine, whereby the machine tends to treat all pieces of cullet, whether thick or thin, with substantial uniformity. Furthermore, each roller is free to rotate, and does rotate when its rim encounters resistance of the material being crushed, thereby adding a rolling effect the impact effect above described.

In the machine illustrated, each disk has six rollers angularly spaced sixty degrees apart. Shafts 12 are square, and when the disks were placed on the shafts to assemble o the drums, each disk was turned ninety degrees relatively to its neighboring disks, the result being that the rows of rollers lengthwise of the drums are spaced angularly thirty degrees apart. This detail may, of course,

66 be modified if so desired.

thickness of the material, whereby thick or In Fig. 4 is shown a modification which has been found to be effective. Rolls 50, 52 revolve as indicated by the arrows. Material is fed by chute 54 across anvil 56, where it is broken u by hammer disks 58 of roll 50. The brea ng action is continued between disks .58 and screen 60, which forms the bottom wall of the housing surroundin the crusher. Material not passing throug the screen is carried up between the rolls where it receives treatment similar to that described in connection with the machine in Figs. 1 and 2. Any material carried over the tops of rolls 50, 52 is treated between disks 58 of roll 50, disks 62 of roll 52, and the upper and end walls of the housing,

It is to be understood is not limited to the specific embodiment herein illustrated and described but ma' be used in other ways without departure rom its spirit as'defined by the claims which fol- I claim 1. In a crusher for glass and the like, in

combination, a plurality of circularv disks assembled in drum-like form, impact rollers supported by said disks and projecting beond the outer rim thereof, means for rotating said disks, means for feeding ieces of glass within reach of said rollers w 'le they are in motion, and means for substantially that the invention closing the circumferential spaces between saidrollers, for the purpose set forth.

2. The invention set forth in claim 1 in which said closing means comprises circumferential surfaces on said disks.

3. The invention set forth in claim 1 in which said disks are provided with trunnions projecting axially from the surface of the disks, and said rollers are mounted on said trunnions. Y

4. In a crusher for glass and the like,'in

combination, a 'pair of spaced drums on parallel axes, impact rollers projecting radlally beyond the surfaces of said drums, the rollers on one drum being offset axially with regard to-the rollers on the other drum to provide an overlap as described 5. The invention set forth in claim 4 in which each of said drums comprises a series of disks each supporting a plurality of impact rollers, substantially as described.

6. In a crusher for glass and the like, in

ing of the rollers, substantially combination, a pair of spaced drums on par- 3 allel polygonal shafts, each drum comprising a series of disks bored at their centers to fit said shafts, a plurality of impact rollers suported by each disk, said plurality bein erent in number from the number of si es of said shaft whereby the rollers of adjacent disks may be placed in or out of alignment with each other by simply chan g the circumferential position of said 'sk on said shaft, substantially as described.

7. In a crusher for glass and the like, in combination, a plurality of circular disks assembled in drum-like form, impact rollers supported by said disks and projecting beyond the outer rim thereof, means for rotating said disks, means for feeding pieces of glass within reach of said rollers While they are in motion, and means for substantially closing the circumferential spaces between saidrollers, for the purpose set forth, said disks being provided with trunnions projecting axially from the surface of the disks, and said rollers being mounted on said trunnions, each disk serving to prevent the rollers from coming 0d the trunnions of the next adjacent disk.

8. In a crusher for glass and the like, in combination, a substantially smooth surface cylindrical drum having slots in the surface thereof spaced circumferentially and axially, impact rollers supported for radial movement in said drum and protruding slightly through said slots, means for feeding pieces of Waste glass adjacent said drum surface, and means for rotating said drum whereby said rollers are caused to strike the glass an impact blow to crush the glass to size suitable for re-use.

9. in a crusher for glass and the like, in combination, a shaft, a plurality of disks assembled on said shaft to form a substantially smooth surface drum having slots in its surface spaced circumferentially and axially, trunnions on said disks, rollers loosely mounted on said trunnions and projecting slightly through said slots, means for feeding pieces of waste glass past said drum, and means for rotating said shaft whereby said rollers are caused to strike said glass an impact blow for the purpose set forth.

10. In a crusher for glass and the like, in combination, a pair of substantially smooth surface spaced drums having slots in the surface thereof spaced circumferentially and axially, impact rollers supported for radial movement on and projecting slightly through said slots, means for feeding glass between said rollers, and means for rotating said drums whereby said impact rollers on both drums are caused to strike impact blows simultaneously on both sides of said glass and rotate thereon, substantially as described.

11. In a crusher for glass and the like, in combination, a pair of cylindircal drums each having slots in the surface thereof spaced circumferentially and axially, impact rollers supported for radial movement in said drums 1 and protruding'slightly through said slots,

means for feeding pieces of waste glass between said drum surfaces, and means for rotating said drums at different speeds.

12. In a crusher for glass and the like, in combination, a pair of spaced shafts, a plurality of disks assembled on. each of said shafts to form substantially smooth surface spaced drums, said drums having slots in t eir surface spaced circumferentially and axially, trunnions on the disks, rollers loosely mounted on the trunnions and projecting slightly through said slots, means for feeding pieces of waste glass between said drum surfaces, and means for driving said drums so that the impact rollers on one drum will travel at a higher circumferential speed than those of the other drum.

13. In a crusher for glass and the like, in combination, a pair of spaced drums on parallel axes, impact rollers projecting radially beyond the surfaces of said drums, and arranged in a plurality of annular series, the rollers of one series on one drum being offset axially with regard to the rollers of a corresponding series on the other drum to provide an overlapping of the rollers, each of said drums comprising a series of disks each supporting a plurality of impact rollers.

14. In a crusher for glass and the like, in combination, a pair of spaced drums rotating on parallel axes, impact rollers arranged in annular series around the drums and projecting radially beyond the surface of said drums, the rollers on said drums being arranged in longitudinal rows staggered with respect to similar rows and the rollers of one series on one drum being offset axially with respect to the rollers of a corresponding series on the other drum, means -for feeding glass between said drums whereby the offset relation of the rollers on the respective drums produces a lateral strain on the glass sheet to crush the same.

15. In a crusher for glass and the like, in combination, a pair of spaced drums rotating on parallel axes, impact rollers arranged in annular series around the drums and projecting radially beyond the surface of said drums, the rollers on said drums being arranged in longitudinal rows staggered with respect to similar rows and the rollers of one series on one drum being offset axially with respect to the rollers of a corresponding series on the other drum, means for feeding glass between said drums whereby the offset relation of the rollers on the respectiv drum; produce a lateral strain on the glass sheet to crush the same, and means for rotating the drums at different speeds.

In testimony whereof I hereto affix my signature.

CHARLES B. KINGSLEY.