US1891770A

US1891770A - Internal combustion motor

Info

Publication number: US1891770A
Application number: US405342A
Authority: US
Inventors: Meissner Bernhard
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1929-11-07
Filing date: 1929-11-07
Publication date: 1932-12-20
Anticipated expiration: 1949-12-20

Description

Dec. 20, 1932. B, MElssNER 1,891,770

INTERNAL COMBUSTION MTOR 1N l ENTOR. Y Bim/HARD Mass/vm.

De.2o,1932. B MES'SNER 1,891,770

' INTERNAL CoMBUsTIoN MQTQR Fi1edN0v-7. 1929 s sheets-sheet 2 INVENTOR. BERNHARD MEISSNR.

ATTORNEY.

Dec.20, 1932. BMEISSNER I 1,891,770

INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTOR Filed Nov. '7. 1929 5 sheets-Sheet 5 Y JNVENTOR. BERNHARD ME/SSNE.

lil

Patented Dec. 20, 1932 f Lenin ien'rfV NT? oi-finos BERNHARD ifiEissNnn., on woonsinn, NnW'YoRK` INTERNAL ooMBUs'rioN ifio'iion,

Application filed November 7 1929. Serial No.v40`5,342.

My invention relates to internal combustion motors; more particularly to two-cycle motors,1which have long been considered as most etlici'ent from a strictly mechanical point of view, although ythey are universally known to be less efficient in respect to the utilization of the full calorilic heat :value of the fuel to be burned therein. However, the principles of vthis inventionfare also applicable to fourcycle engines.

The objects I have pursued in the development vof my invention have generally. been those which guide the automotive engineer, when he attempts to perfect the internal combustion engine in the manymodiiications in which it is used today. Y

Some of the' outstanding objects of my improvements are: K

First. to incorporate in the design of 'a re ciprocating internal combustion engineelements which,.as .far as possible, contribute a turbine character to such an engine;

Second, to apply the turbineprinciple toa reciprocating internal combustion motor by providing one or more points at which a sub` stantially continuous combustion of fuels takes place,`the mechanical energy created by said combustion being transmitted to the point at which it is to be applied bythe means of reciprocating engine gearingf v Third, to provide amotor in which the com. bustion ychambers of a reciprocating two-cycle internal combustion motor are connected, at the beginning of the power stroke, in continuous rot-ation to one or more common ignition points. V

. Fourth, to provide an engine which requiresextriusc ignition when started, but no such ignitionbeing required during the continuous performance ofthe engine,.be cause a continuing explosion'takes place at one or more fixed points in my engine duringv normal operation.

'Fifth, to lprovide one or moresets of valve` gearing each comprising a combustioiior nition, an intake and an exhaust valve, which; connect in periodical rotation with a multi#` plicity of combustion chambers. Y I .Sixth` to provide a reciprocating internal combustion engine' in which 'power is transhead.

ymitted from a multiplicity of combustion chambers which are'A located substantially in one Vplai'i'e to a substantially ceiitrally'disposed crank` sha-ft.l 1

Seventh, to derive a rotative momentum from a substantially circularly arranged, rotatable multiple combustion'unitby gearing ythe pistons of said unit'to ay yoke which is` stationaryV eccentric crank y rotatable on a Eighth, to provide in a motor of'thisr` kind substantially stationaryvalve gears which slidably" connect revolving combustion chamber unit.` I

Ninth, to provide upon an internal combustion engine means allowing the gas-type slidable adjustment of valvegears upon a rotating cylinderhead. Y

` Tenth, to sub-divide in amotor of this kind the exhaust valve' Yfor the purpose ofusing the pressure.oftherexhaust gas which is first exhausted for enpediting the removal of the rest of fthe exhaust gas from and forwash'h-y ing out the combustion chamber. y

Y Eleventh, to provide 'independent suctioneiiicient Y fuel chambers. I A v Further objects of my invention vwillbe more clearly elucidatedl by the following description of my invention and will'be emphasized in the annexed claims. I illustraterone modification of design involving the principles of my invention in the vaccompanyingdrawing's, in'which, V

Figure 1' is a partly sectioned side elevaf tion of my internal combustion motor. Figure Qyis a corresponding partly'sec'- tioncd rearvi'ew (takenfrom the right side of Figure l) the sectionbeing carried through on one half vof the motor partly along the plane in which one set of combustion chambers is radially arranged, p`artly, on the'outside thereof through the center of the valve gears and substantially through the center of the housing. Y

Figure 3 shows, in a parallel perspective means for brino'fnv about the in'ection' of an ha. c .p mixture into the combustion view, a section of the eccenter head, the ec- Figure 4`shows, in a parallel perspective view, a section of the valve ring, sectioned through the combustion valve.

Figure 5 shows a developed view of the cross section of the combustion chamber and the exhaust valve abutting thereupon, said section being-taken along a cylindrical plane through .the .center of' the .exhaust means.

Similar numerals refer to similar parts throughout the various Views.

The motor housingl 11i is, inE thedrawings, exemplarily provided with a base 12. In a practical application the method, in which the housing is mounted,.dependslargely on the use for which the motor is intended. =Whereas1a heavier base,-. buty ot the type of base i12-.ifndicated,.1nay be vused -Iwithamy inf' ventionas .astationaryfsonrce of motive power, a large variety of methods oflmounting suggest Y. themselves in :the application in .automotive vehiclesfvessels and aircraft the adaptation lof my'y invention .for .the latter :uses may. involve` extensive modifications of the design ofthe housing.

The housing essentially consists of abottom! halt` 13, .and-a cover1-41and. cap 15, closingi-the-.topofthe-housing. :The shaft 16 is rotatablyA supported `in the housing byball bearings 17 and 18 on the leftfand right (rear 'and Afront) .endof the motor respectively (Figure-1.). .Nexttohall bearingsl?, in fa kbear-.ing19, on vthe in side ofthe housing, is mounted shank 21 otheeccenter heady 20, the :insi'derof which '.is ssubstantially concentric. t-otheshaft 116 and .allows its vfreorotation, whereas the-.eccenteryoke 22is rotatably mounted,- -by-:means of the rollers. retained in .cage .24; -uponv the eccentric outer Acircumference of the-eccenter head20. Theeccenter yeke22 isfthrustwise .retained on theeccenter head-.2O by the retaini-ngii'lan-ges 25'2and '37.

lUpon the A circumference of the eccenter yoke are provided, next to each other, two annular fgrooves 126 fand 27, :in which 'are swingably suspended Ltheftwo1 setsof? piston rod-s 28 and .29, respectively.

-One piston f rod 30 .which belongsvto -the right set of. piston rods .29- lis solid'ly mounted upon( thefeccenter yoke .22, *whereas -allthe other piston rods 28and29 are mounted upon pivots 31. .an-'d v32, respectively, which :bridge the grooves26-=an:d.27. Pivets'l and 4132 -are endavise: retained in. thesolidf rim -33- between the .grooves 26 andi 27.,.by .asplit vwire .ring 34 whichkeeps the `.-greove 35 -in .the ri-m in YValignment with the grooves -36 in the pivotsland 32.

.The ieylinderhead .40 .is essentially 'concent-nieto the shaft 1.6.'and is solidly. mountedupon said -1shaft 'invite hub l41. .The .cylinder head consists of a flange42 extend-ing outwardly. from said hub' 41:.a-nd` of a chamber body 43 wxh-i ch. laterally extends from said flange42 overthe eccenterhead20 .and-which is substantially annular and-conceI-itrictol the shaft 16. In this chamber body 43 are' v pins 48.

YIn the drawings the cylinder openings 44 -fan'd`45are-shownbored through the whole thickness of the head body 43 and the cylinv"der openings are substantially closed on their outer ends by a sleeve, 49 shrunk around the head body or otherwise substantially integrally aunite'drthereto. .Twofrims50 fare .provided on the. cylindrical. .surface .of `"sleeve 49 rand-"confront.a groove in which are-.arranged-.theslides 51,1`the endsof which over.-

lapeach otherfat 52.i.npist0n.ring'ffashion so that,'combined, theyrepresent avalve ring, which sldably extends .around -.the .whole sleeve .49. '.'Tosubstantially .the f-eXtent fin which. .thefrespective rows overlapeach other,

the cylinder openings '44 and @45 'break through .the .sleeve .49.in the shapeosegmentalr openings'l547 and 55, which nretsubstantally in g peripheralfalignment :with` each other! belowsthe ring. made up .of slides 45.1. T:he..clo`si.ngaction .of the ringnnadeup .of slides 51, in respect tothe segmental .openings 54 and: 55 isimproved uponby stiiing rings 56 made up of several..sections,.which overlap each @other .at f their ends 1in piston ring A*fashion :and which are .retained .in grooves of. sleeve .'49.by, pins .61. .The .slides 51 or thosesofthese slideswhichare. particularly exposedtohigh.heatsare provided with cooling .chambers 57 .which are. enclosed between' halves 'of .said slides. integrally, joined at Vseams 53. .The chambers:.-57..are :bridged by inserts. 58..at..thfose .points wherethe 4head bodyfis to-be..a.pproached 'from .the .outside through lfthefringniade .up .by .the-.slides 51. The cooling.chambers..57..are Aprovided with cooling water and vsaid water .is drained therefromlthrough..pipes 59,.which enter npon said chambersQfrom .the sides.. andthe otherends of whi ch. .extendrthrough .suitable openings'fGOV in. the .coven 1.4. Other .pipesl62 enter upon the slidesV 51 in similar'fashion and serve t0 introduce lubricating Eoil .between the stu'ing rings .56 -andthe slides .51, said' oil being introduced .into .the .respective grooves Vinthe .slides through the opening. 63.

The outside-cylindrical shell 640i. themotor, whichrisrformed .byparts .of the .bottom halfil and the cover 14, is substantiallycylindrically-` disposed in. respect` to the shaft 16. ,Saidshell .64 carries onits :in'si'dellugs which. are-.shown in the drawings to be held in saifdfshelhby screws .66. "The inner faces of'lugs 65representca cylindrical-surface67 .which slightly` eccentric .in respect to .the .heretofore .enumerated concentric parts of the motor` suchas the shaft, the cylinder head, the slides 51, the parts ofthe housing and the shell 64.; Between the eccentric faces and the slides 51V slidably lit four annular segments 68, peripheral movement of which will cause them to wedgemore or less between the faces 67 andthe slides 51, on account ofthe eccentrically disposed outer and inner faces of said annular seg# ments. Alongside of their eccentric outer faces these annularsegments carry spur gear sections 69 which are concentrically disposed in respect to shaft 16 and which are curved to meshinto the worms 70; these worms 'are rotatably lodged in suitable pockets 71-of the shell 64 upon shafts 72. rlhe worms 7 0 are thrustwise retained in the pockets 71 and their shafts 72 are provided with hexagon heads 73 at their ends, which Vpermit therotation of the worms for the purpose of the following adjustment: Assuming the point of the shortest distance of the eccentric facel 67 from the shaft 16 to be 'near the lower right hand corner of Figure Q, approximately at a. point 74, an adjustment ofthe two an nular segments, which are arranged upon the circumference of the ring made upof the slides 51 tothe left of point 72, and vof the other two annular segments 68to the right and above said point, towards said point by means of rotation of the adjusting worms 70, will causethe inner concentric face of said annular segments to close upon the slides 51 which are also sidewise retained in said annular segments by the centrally extending flanges of said annular segments 68. I thus provide an accurate adjustment, allowing the slides 51 to be held. onto the sleeve 49 with adequate pressure to provide a Ypractically gastight fit between said parts; this tit accentuated by the stulling rings 56, without creating an excessive friction between `said parts, which would cause the creation of undue heat and which th rcfore would impair the efficiency of my motor.V Eetween adjoining annular segments' l allow clean ance spaces 76 of such width as to allow a close adjustment of the sliding fit between the slides 51 and the sleeve 49 during si'ibstantially the whole period of life of my motor. A

Pipes, which are slidahly arranged in the'v shell 64, approach the valve ring made up of the slides 5l, radially, from the outside ofV referred to are an air pipe 78, gas Vinjector pipes 79 and a pipe 80 in which the spark plug 81 is mounted and throughv which a conductor is insulatedly carried into the ignition chamber 82; that chamber is formed* by a cavity on the inside of the respective slide 51. The end 83 of said conductor is vdisposed on the inside of-said chamber 82 so asfto allow a spark to jump from the end by afpipe thread on its outside which fits into a threaded Vhole in the insert 58 bridging the cooling chamber 57 of slide 51. The pipes thereof to the extension on the grounded Apipe 80. rlhe pipe 8O is retained in the slide 7 8 and 8O are mounted in corresponding l80 fashion in the respective slides 51, the pipes 78 opening into a,k cavity in the bottom slide 51 which is similar to cavity 82, whereas the injector pipes 79 open almost directly onto the cylindrical Vface of the sleeve 49.

All cylinders or combustion.

chambers

44 and 45 are surrounded by cooling chambers and by water jackets 84 and 85, respectively, which are supplied with cooling water and from which said Water is drained by channels 86 and87, located in the 'flange 42of the vcylinder head or in ribs 88 reenforcing said 93 with a water connection 94 which serves-V to bring about the circulation of the water and which is also suitably coupled to supply water to the cooling chambers 57 of the slides 51 making up the valve rings,by means of they pipes 59.

The pump 93 is mounted on a suitable ex-l tension 95 on the rear of thebottom half 13 of the housing and similar means (not shown) .may be provided in order to pumpY oil for the lubrication of the valve ring through the pipes 62, and to supply oil to the stationary eccenter head 20, through a pipe connection 96; fromsaid connectionoil is distributed to the surface of ysaid, eccenter head by means of a multitude of channels 97, which are appropriately arranged to issue. radially from said eccenter head, providing lubrication for the eccenter yoke, said oil being from there distributed to the piston rods and pistons owing to the centrifugal action of the rotating cylinder head parts.

Along a circular center-line an exhaust manifold 99 approaches the chamber body 43. AV developed sectionof thechamber body yand of the manifoldy along said line is shown in Figure 5. The manifold 99 is'heldagainst -`a cir-'cular rim 100 which protrudes fromthe side of the chamber body 43, by thetension of the springs 101 extending around the

exhaust pipes

102, 103 and 104, which are slidably mounted in the bottom half 13 of the housing; said springs 101 are heldin compression between the inner wall of the housing and the exhaust manifold 99. A suitable'gasket 105 serves to prevent the gases in the manifold from dissipating into the inside of the housing. The

exhaust pipes

4102, 103 and 104 are connected to separate

chambers

106, 107 and 108 of the manifold, said chambers being separated from each other by intermediary walls and by cross pieces`109of the gasket 105.

It will be noticed in Figure 2 that the cylinders 46, when they have reached their extreme position of movement out of the

cylinder openings

44 and 45, (the cylinder heads at the lower end of the chamber body 43), will clear openings 110 by which the chamber body is perforated along the line 98. These openings 110 in the walls of the

combustion chambers

44 and 45 open, directly and indirectly,respectively, through the rim into the exhaust manifold 99. The openings 110 in the cylinders 45 open intermediarily upon a passageway 111, which extends through the chamber body between the cylinder holes 44. The chambers 111 issue upon the manifold v99 through holes 112 in the chainbeibody, corresponding in location and size tothe openings 110, which issue directly from cylinder openings 44 into the manifold.

For the interval, during which the pistons 40 clear the openings 110, said openings, or the Acorresponding openings 112 in the case of the combustion chambers 45, face thefexhaust Vmanifold 99. The first exhaust gases escape into the chamber 108 and are carried from'that chamber through the exhaust pipe 104 by means of an ejector nozzle 113 into the exhaust pipe 103 into which the exhaust gases pass through the chamber 107 when the respective combustion chambers are at their lowest position. The exhaust gases issuing into the chamber 107 at a pressure lower than that, at which they escape into the chamber 10S, the gases in exhaust pipe 103 will be sucked out ofsaid pipe 103 by the gases issuing into said exhaust pipe through the ejector 113y from chamber 108. From the exhaust pipe 113 the exhaust gases passthrough a suitable muffler out into the air. The exhaust pipe 102 which is connect ed to the chamber 106 and which is connected to the combustion chamber after the exhaust gases have escaped therefrom into the chambers 10S and 107, connects to an exhaust pump 114 mounted upon the motor shaft, between. the front end of the housing and the coupling y92. thrmigh this pump is also issued int(` the air.

he exhaust gas passing My engine functions as follows: Y According to the quality of the fuel to be lused in my motor, and also according to the efficiency of the exhaust means used in connection with my invention at a specific speed, the fuel mixture is injected by pressure or sucked in by said exhaust means from carburetors through one or more injector nozzles 79, which issue,`through the valve ring 51 upon the sleeeve 49, and it enters upon the

combustion chambers

44 and 45 through those of the

segmental openings

54 and 55 which are temporarily in alignment with said nozzles during the clockwise rotation (Figure 2) of the chamber body 43 of the cylinder head 40. During further clockwise rotation of the cylinder head the pistons 46 in the combustion chambersy which chambers have thus been lled with the gas mixture move outwardly in said chambers and compress the mixture, said outward movement of the pistons being brought about by the riding ofthe eccenter yoke 22 onto the most eccentric part of the eceenter head 20, said eccenter yoke being operatively connected to the pistons in the chambers under consideration, bythe connecting

rods

28 and 29. The eccenter yoke reaches the point of greatest distance from the shaft 16 in the arrangement shown in the drawings at the highest point thereof so that the gas in the combustion chambers under consideration is compressed to a pressure suitable for an efficient explosion, when the respective

segmental openings

54 and 55 slide below the ignition chamber 82 in the valve ring at the top of the motor. Some of the gas mixture contained in the combustion chambers '44 and 45 above the piston 46 escapes into theexplosion chamber 82 and is there ignited by a substantially continuous spark passing from the end 83 of the electrical conductor in the pipe to said pipe, said spark having as a source of power a primary or secondary high tension generator as commonly used with an internal combustion engine.

By a substantially continuous spark I have reference in the above to an uninterrupted rotation of electrical discharges as distinguished from the exactly timed electric discharge in a four-cycle combustion motor. Gf course the electric discharges may be timed in such a manner that there is a spark each time one of the combustion chambers comes into alignment with the spark plug. But or dinarily this is not necessary.V In fact, the electric spark, or the functions of the spark plug may be dispensed with altogether after the engine has been started, the ignition of the compressed gas in the combustion chambers, as they consecutively approach the ignition chamber 82, taking place as soon as the burning gases in the ignition chamber come into touch with the gas mixture in the approaching combustion chambers. In the manner of some Diesel-type and semi-Dieseltype engines I may of course also provide a hot point in the explosion chamber which is brought up to heat from the outside, before the motor is started and which retains this heat once the engine is running, because itis exposed to the continuous explosion of `the gas mixture, which is ignited at this point. However, as long as the engine functions normally, no extrinsic ignition means are required, and to the v skilled designer a-great number of automatic and semi-automatic contrivances suggest themselves which bring about an electric discharge or which furnish other yignitionmeans at those times when the engine does not function properly or when it is started up. A

governor for instance may be provided for on my motor which automatically closes the high tension circuit when the engine is standing still or turning slowly at a speed lower than :that which isv required to bring about the socalled continuous explosion.

It is common practice in internal tion motor design to provide means by which the spark is advanced, or retarded, either at the option of the, operator of the engine or automatically, as a direct function of the speed at which the motor is travelling, and Y in some instances of the load. Y ln my design Irshow the ignition to take place at the point of highest compression, when the combustion chamber is at the top of the motor, by means of the electric spark. TWhen the engine has come up to a speed at which there is a continuous explosion, Vthe gas mixture in the combustion chambers approaching the spark* plug will be ignited by the hot gases inthe explosion chamber before the respective combustion chambers attain the status of highest compression, because the ignition` chamber extends to the left from the spark the eccenter head 2O is clamped by the bearf ing cap 19; it may be rotated, to the extent of a slight clockwise or counterclockwise angular displacement, by a corresponding rotation of the shank 2l of the eccenter head 2() in its bearing 19 in the housing. As an Vadditional refinement of the control of the angular displacement of the eccenter head in relation to the valve ring, gearing may be introduced which brings about such angular displacement of the shank 21 in the bearing automatically, as a function of the speed of combus-4 the motor, in the same manner in which governors now serve to control the advancement or the retardationV of the spark in an automobile engine.

A continuous explosion taking place in the valve ring, that ring is exposed to very high heats and I therefore have provided a cooling chamber inside of the valve ring, alongl side of the ignition chamber 82. Great care must also be taken to prevent the pressure of explosion to be dissipated' along the faces of the valve ring y51 and of the sleeve 49, which slide upon each other. Thestufling rings 56, which are preferably made of a fire proof material, serve to prevent lateralfdissipation of the force of the explosion from out of the explosion chamber; and the careful and laccurate adjustment of the valve ring upon the sleeve which is brought about by the annular segments 68 and by the means,

which cause these segments to wedgemoreV or less tightly, between the housing-and the valveV ring, according tothe settings of the operator, preventsundue propagationv of the explosion peripherally along the contacting surfaces of the sleeve 49 and the valve ring.

The gas mixture having been ignited at the Vtop position of the combustion chambers, the

pressure of the exploded land exploding gas forces the piston Vdownward'in the combus- `tion chambers. The pistons move downward in the combustion chambers as the cylinder head continues its clockwise rotation; and

Vthe pressure of the exploded gas, pushing the pistons in the direction of said movement downward in the combustion-chambers and beingtransmitted to theV eccenter yoke by the'V piston rods, causes the said yoke to slide clockwise around the eccenter head, carrying along the cylinder' head and the shaft 16,`

since-the eccenter yoke-and the cylinder head are positively coupled to each other by meansv of the connecting rod 30 which solidly connects, at'one end, to the eccenter yoke, the hinged suspension-of its other end in ay pisica ton in one of the combustion chambers al- Y `lowing playfor angular displacement of the connecting rod 30 from the'center line of the respective combustion chamber which is necessary on account of the respective eccentricity of the centers around which the yoke and .the cylinder head rotate Vsubstantially coextensively. i

Vhen, after further clockwise rotation of the cylinder head,the force Yof explosion has been substantially spent, andthe pistons are pushed for such a distance out ofthe combusizo tion chambers, that they clear the openings Y which open fromsaidcombustion chambers towards the circular rim 100, the respec- ,Y tive openings 110 have reached a position of alignment with the chamber -108 of the exliaust manifold and the burned gases are i yforced from the combustion chamber into said exhaust chamber and from there,

through the nozzle 113 into the pipe 103. In the pipe 103 a suction of the gases contained therein, away from the exhaust chamber 107, is caused by the gases issuing from nozzle 118, so that the exhaust gases are sucked from the combustion chambers ahead of the combustion chamber'l under consideration and.

andthe pipe 78 is however interrupted, as the cylinder head proceeds kin its-clockwise rotation, and the suction applied to the combustion chamber from the exhaust chamber 107y decreases the Vpressure of the air containedin the combustion chamber, the pressure of said air being further reduced when positive vacuum is applied to the combustionV chamber through the exhaust chamber 106 from pump 114, as soon as the combustion chamber comes intoy alignment with that exhaust' chamber. In the drawings the pipe 78, which supplies air for flushing purposesduring the exhaust operation,` is shown to issueupon the open air. To accentuate the flushing action of the air entering upon the' combustion chamber which is in alignment with pipes 78, saidA air may be supplied under pressure, said pipe being connected to a blower or compressor which isalso driven by the motor and which may be aligned upon oneend of the shaft,

next one of the pumps at one or the other Y end. The suction of the pump 114i evacuates the combustion chamber to such an Vextentv combustion chamber continues to lmove up-v wardly again, after having passed the lower part of the vertical center line ofl the motor from right to lett (Figure 2)V during the clockwise rotation of the cylinder head. At a point substantially corresponding to the point at which the pistons cleared the exhaust openings 11() to the right of the center line, said openings 11() are covered up by the piston at a corresponding position on the combustion chamber to the left of said center line. Thus the openings 11() are completely closed towards the vacuum when the second injector pipe 79' comes into alignment withlgselgwog the combustion chamber the gas: mixture; fronr said second injectory pipe lling'- the evacuated combustionchamber, either owing to the low pressure in said'combustion cham-,- ber or owing to the pressure underwhichthe gas is carriedztothe motor from thecarburetor through the second injector pipe 79:

IV e thus havecompleted one complete ro#` tation of the cylinder head, describing the unctionsot the motor, the piston in the com` bustion chamber under consideration having' substantially performed'two cycles or the respectivefoverlapping parts of two cycles.

1y claim: n

1. In an.k internal combustion engin-e, a'. housing, a cylinder headrotatably mountedy in said housing, valve means radially. slidablyfarranged in said housing and'slidably. abuttingupon. said: cylinder head, combustion chambers arranged in saidcylinder `headand opening upon'said valvemeans. and pis* tons reciprocatably disposed' in saidcombustion chambers and operatively reactionably. connected with said housing. j

2. In an internal combustioni engine, a1 housing, a cylinder` head rotatably mounted in saidhousing, valve means radially.- slidably. arranged in said housing and slidably` abutting upon said cylinder head, combustion chambers Vsubstantially radially arrangedV in said cylinder head and opening upon saidvalve means, and pistons reciprocatably disposed in said combustion chambers and operatively reactonably connected with said housing. f

3. In an internal combustion engine, a housing, a cylinderhead rotatably mounted in' said housing, valvemeans radially slidably arranged in said Vhousing and slidably abutting uponA said cylinder head, combustion chambersarranged, in said cylinderA head and opening upon said valve means, pistons reciprocatably disposed in said combustion. chambers and operatively reactionably con nect'ed with saidhousing, and adjustable seg;- ments, wedge-like disposed between said housing and saidvalvevmeans.

4'. In an internal combustion engine, a housing, ar cylinder head rotatably mounted in said housing, valve means` substantially stationarily arranged in said housing-i and? slidably abutting'up'on said cylinder head,

` combustion chambers arrangedinsaid'cylin der head and'opening upon said valve means,

lan eccenter mounted in said housing, pistons reciprocatably disposed in said combustionA chambers and operatively reactionably connected with said eccenter, and eccentric peripherally adjustable annular segments, wedge-like disposed between said housing and said valve means.

5. In an internal combustion engine, a housing, a cylinder head rotatably mounted in said housing, valve and ignition means radially slidably arranged in vsaid housing i-'iin said housing, valve and ignition means and V'slid-ably' abuttingV upon saidfcylinder head, combustionV chambers substantially radially arranged in said cylinder head and opening upon said valve meansand pistons reciprocatably disposed in Vsaid combustion radially slidably arranged in said housing, and slidably abutting'upon said cylinder head,v combustion chambers substantially radially arranged in said cylinder .head and 163opening upon said valve means, an eccenter mounted in said housing, pistons reciprocatably disposed in said combustion chambers, piston rods hinged upon said p`stons, and a yoke slidably rotatable upon said eccenter,

2f operatively hinged upon some of said piston 'eactionably connected `with said housing.`

housing, a cylinder head rotatably mounted rodsv and solidly connected with one of said piston rods so as vto rotate in substantially equal. angular displacement therewith.

7. In an internal combustion engine, a

housing, a cylinder head rotatably mounted in said housing,.valye and ignition means peripherally substantially ystationarily arranged in said housing and adjustable towards and slidable upon the cylindrical cir- Ibumference of saidhead, combustion chainbers substantially radially arranged in said cylinder head'and opening upon said valve means, and pistons reciprocably disposed in said combustion chambers and operatively 8. In an internal combustionengine,` a housing, a cylinder head rotatablymounted in said housing, annular segments with valveV and. ignition chambersV supported in said housing and slidable upon the cylindrical circumference of said head, two sets of combustion chambers substantially radially arranged in said cylinder head in substantially parallel planes and alignedly and alternately open V-ing upon said segments froml opposite sides,

and pistons reciprocably disposed in said combustion chambers and 'operatively reactionably connected with said housing.

9. In an internal combustion engine, a

iny saidhousing, valve and ignition means substantially annularly arranged iii said housing and slidable upon the cylindricalcircumferenoe of said head, and two sets of iombustion chambers substantially radially 10. In `an internal combustion engine, Va

housing, al cylinder head rotatably mounted :in said housingvalve means substantially stationarily arranged in saidhousing to slide onto a side of said head, an exhaust manifold arranged to slide in said housing intoV abutment with a face of said cylinder head, combustion chambers substantially radially arranged in said cylinder head and opening upon said valve means and upon said exhaust manifold, pistons reciprocatably disposed in said combustion chambers and adapted to exhaust manifold, and means operatively and reactionably connecting said pistons with said housin housing, a cylinder vhead rotatably mounted in said housing, valvevmeans radially slidably arranged in said housing and slidable -close said combustion chambers towards said a upon the-cylindrical circumference of said head, an exhaust manifold coaxially slidably :retained in said housing and slidablyabutting uponthe side of said cylinder head, coin- Y bustion chambers substantially radially ar-V ranged in said lcylinder head and Vopening radially upon said valve means and laterallyKV upon said `exhaust manifold, and pistons reciprocat'ably disposed` 'in said combustion` chambers and adapted to close said combustign chambers towards said exhaustmani- ,fo d. l

l2. In` an .internal combustion engine, a housing, a cylinderliead rotatably mounted in said Jhousing, valve means substantially stationarily arranged in said housing Vand slidable upon said housing, an exhaust mani- ,fold substantially stationarily retained in said housing and slidably abutting upon said Y cylinder head, combustion chambers substantially radially arranged in said cylinder head and opening upon said valve means andiipon said exhaust manifold, and pistons reciprocatably disposed in said combustion chamlos i bers and adapted-to close said combustion v chambers towards lsaid exhaust manifold,

said exhaust manifold consisting of separate compartments adapted to connect in rotation to each of said combustion chambers in said revolving cylinder head.

13. In an Iinternal combustion engine, a housing, a cylinder head rotatably mounted in said housing, valve means substantially stationarily arranged in said housingand slidable upon said housing, an exhaust manifold substantially stationarily retained in said housing and slidably abutting upon said cylinder head, combustion chambers substantially radially arranged in said cylinder head and opening upon said valve means and upon said exhaust manifold, pistons reciprocatably disposed in said combustion` chambers and adapted' to close said combustion chambers towards` said exhaust manifold, eccentric means mounted in vsaid housing and opera separate compartments adapted to connect in rotation lto said combustion chambers in said;

revolving cylinderhead, the compressed exvhaust gas entering from said combustion 5Ycha`mber upon someof said compartments due to its'expans'ion, and suction means connected1to the remainder of said compartments and evacuati-ng the combustion chambers opening thereupon. Y

1m 14. In an internal combustion engine, a housing, a cylinder head rotatably mounted iii-said housing, Valve meansislidably arranged in said housing and slidable upon said Vhousing, an 5exhaust manifold slidably re- 1Wtainedinf said housing and slidably abutting upon saidcylinder head, combustion` cham-i.

bers substantially radially arranged in said cylinderl head and radially opening upon said valve means and laterallyT upon said ex- 2n'haust manifold, pistons. reciprocatably dis# posed in said combustion chambers and adapted toclose said combustion chambers towards said? exhaust manifold, eccentric means mounted in said housing and opera-v 2a"tively and reactionably connected With saidv pistons, and means for supplying air forflushing purposes through said valve means to said combustion chambers, when said comlbust-ion chambers are not closed toward said:

3l-k""`exhaust manifold, so that the air passes from one end Vof said chambers substantiallyA to the other end thereof, and then laterally outV through said manifold.

v A, 15. In an internal combustion engine, a

3housing` an annular cylinder head'rotatably mounted'in said housing, combustion cham-V bers substantially radially arranged in said cylinder head, pistons reciprocatably Adis- A posed in said combustion chambers, and a 4a stationary eccenter extending from said housing into said head and operativelyand reac.

tionablyconnected With said pistons.

16'. In an internal combustion engine, a housingzv an annular cylinder head rotatably 'zmountedin saidhousing, combustion cha-m.

bers substantially radially arrangedin said cylinder head,4 pistons reciprocatably dis.

posed insaidcombustion chambers, stationary'means extending from said housing intolsaid head, and pist-on rods centrally attached;

to said pistons and eccentrically hinged upon said means substantially in alignmentwith said chambers.

combination with a rotatable annular cyliiif der head, combustion chambers substantially extending from the outer surface of said head to the inside thereof, opening upon theinside caigof said cylinder head, and segm-entally closedl at their outer ends bythe surface of said head.` 18. In an `internal combustion engine, in-

combination witha rotatable annular cylinderI head, annular valve and ignitionmeans Gslidably accommodated in circular. tracks.-

L 17; In an internal combustion engine, in

naaimzi upon the.. outer surface of said head, combusf,V

tion chambers substantially extending from the outer surfacefof-said head to theinsidethereof, and partly closed at their outer ends by the surface of said head, and the openings at the: outer endsiofi said chambers beingvin circular alignment With eachother and issu.. ing upon said means;

19. In anii-iternal combustion engine, inA combination Witharotatable annular cylin-V der head, annular Valve and ignition means, slidably accommodated' in. circular. tracks. upon the outer surfacefof said head, combustion chambers substantially extending from the outer surface of saidih'ead to the inside thereof, and partly closed at their outer ends by the surface ofisa-id head, adjoining ones. of said chambersoverlapping each ,otherl pesK ripherally aswellas in the d-irection of the axis of said head, and the openings at theI-A outer ends of said chamberscbeing in circular' alignment Witheach other and issuing upon said means.

20.111 an internal-combustion engine, in combination `.with ai rotatable,V annularj cylinder head,- annular valve and ignition means` slidably accommodatedi iny circular.- tracks-1Y upon the outer surface ofsaid head, combus-f tion chambers substantially vextending i from the outer surface. of saidhead to theiinside thereof, and part-ly closed at theirouter ends*- y the surface of saidhead, and anignition chamber. in said means, exceeding inlength thev peripheral distance along-the outercir.- cumference ofi said 'head'` between adjoining combustion chambers,y

21, Inv aninternal combustion engine, in

combination With a rotatable annularcylinder head, annular valveand ignition means, slidably accommodated in, circular tracks upon the outer surface ,of said head,co mbus tion chambers substantially extending from ,the outer surfaceof saidfhead tothe ,inside outer surfaceof saidheadfto the inside thereof, a segmental exhaust IrlllifoldV slicilably4 resting upon and tensioued insaid housing against the sides of said head in alignment- Witlrthe. pitch, circle .of openings, laterally issuingfrom saidchambersthrough the side. of said'head, and reciprocatingpistons in said chambers operatively connected with said housing and clearing said openings of the respective chambers, when saidvchambers slide past1 said manifold during the rotation of said hea v Signed at New York in the county of New York and State of New York this 19th day of October A. D. 1929.

BERNHARD MEISSNER.