US1887795A - Carburetor - Google Patents

Description

Norv. l5, 1.932.

G. BARIQUAND 1,887,795

GARBURETOR Filed Jan. 25, 1930 2 sheets-,sheet 1 FIGA Nov.l 15, y1932.

c; RRRRRRR on 8 I l 'ff @um 24a A" muh m G BARIQUAND 1,887,795 l Patented Nov. 15, 1932 `UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE,

GEORGES BAR'IQUANDr 0F PARIS, FRANCE Y v CARBURTOR Appncation mea January 23, issasenaino. 422,925, arid' i. rranceretruary 21, 1929.

10 slide member which are preferablystaggered,

being adjusted in such a manner'that each channel comes into operation at the moment when the depression produced by the suction of the motor causes this slide member memberv which is free, rising up to a pointof equilibrium between its weight and the depression produced above it, the rise and fall movements being braked by an entry 0 (orv exit) of air which is regulatable and provided at the end of the body of the carburetor and consists of anv adjustable graduated or calibrated aperture which is called the compensating hole.

This automatic displacement of thev distributing slide member can be effected by different inherent causes either due to its manner of guiding or to its pneumatic function and to the forces which intervene to provoke itsdisplacement to suit the different speeds of the motor.

It happens in fact, that, onthe one hand,

the deformation of the' flange of the'body ofthe carburetor (when tightened onto the inletypipe) causes the ovalizing of the bore ofthe body, and it is important, in order to avoid the jamming of the slide member," to render the lining in which the slide member moves, independent of the body itself so asto free it of all function othervthan for guiding the said slide member. y

On the other hand, the leakages' which oc'- cur'along the generatrices of the slide member? are detrimental to the constant balance or equilibrium of the slide member to the differentV speeds 1 (equilibrium between 'the weight of the slide member andthe depression-which exists), Aand are hence objectionable.'

To cease to be tributary tothe inevitable totake up a 'corresponding position, the slide wear of the parts and to permit of matching l Y the slide member with a certaintolerance sulicient to avoid jamming', the constancy of these leakages in time is ensured' by providing peripherally of the Vslide member and towards its lower part, one or more" grooves into which a longitudinal groove or channel Vfinds its outlet, and kept inI consta-nti communication withthe exterior.

This communication is effected by ahole pierced in the body of thecarburetor, the i ment at the different speeds, becomesv stabi-K lized and the general operation ofthe carburetor is improved.

Nevertheless to prevent condensation lof the petrol at the center of the slideA member, thev internal capacity of the same is partitioned'insuch manner as to guide'and direct separately the different fluid veins, kso that the mixture of these fluid veins is effected above the slide only, lin the body itself of the carburetor.

f The accompanying drawings show,by way of example, several forms of yconstruction of the carburetor with its slidefmember and in particular:

1 is a longitudinal section taken on theline 1-1 of 2;

Fig. 2 a.l horizontal section'taken on the line Q-Qlof Fig. l; Y -V Fig. 3 a partial'vertical section taken on the line 3-3 ofv Fig.l 2 showing the longitudinal channel; v

jFig. 4L a front v-iew of the slide member.'

The upper body l carries the throttle'valve 2, the flange 3 of the carburetor,the"slow run-,i ning'means 4 andthe heating means 5. VVThis part has a sufliciently rigid shape to complete# ly absorb the deformations of the yflange 3 at grooves and the longitudinal'v the moment when it is tightened up to the inlet pipe.

The lower part 6 of this body is machined to make a joint with a collar 7 carried by the independent central lining 8 and these two faces are brought firmly one against the other by tightening with pins, screws or by a peripheral sc rew thread.

The lining 8 is engaged freely in the interior of the bore 9 of the body 1 and for this reason is completely isolatedfree and without any flange. The deformations of the flange give rise to no risk in being forced" closer and closer, of ovalizing the lining 8 and jam the drawer'l() which moves in its interior. Y Y j y l Another advantage of this arrangement is to permitan easy dismantling of the central part when making adjustments, without having to completely dismantle the carburetor secured on the motor, the central lining 8, which is the Vregulating means (by reason of the characteristics of its air inlet channels 11a, 11b, 110, 11d) is therefore accessible and interchangeable without having to change the carburetor itself.l l

The distributing slide member consists of a sleeve 10 completely closed at its lower part by a plug l2. v

The slide is housed in a freely adjustable mannerin the bore 8 and has in its outer side a vertical guide'channel 13 which is engaged by a screw 14 which is threaded in a radial opening in the member 7. Between the built up or inserted end 15 of the lining of the carburetor and the lower plug 12 of the slide member lthere is onlyrleft asmall space 16 which communicates with the V- atmosphere through an adjusting aperture 17 called the compensating hole, pierced in an exchangeable screw.

By reason of the depression force produced by the suction of the motor above it, the slide member tends to rise. it rises in fact but in a regular movement by the inlet of air forced by the atmospheric pressure through the aperture 17 Y By' suitably proportioning the weight of the slide member 10 and the dimension of the hole in the depression screw 17, the result is obtained that this slide member automatically takes up all the positions which are necessary for the perfect running of the motor from its starting-up until, its maximum speed, by un-y masking successively, by means of the ports 18a, 18h thedifferent suction channels 11a, 11b, radiating in appropriate number, the said channels being fed by the jets 19a,19b

Whenthe motor slows down, the depression becomes less without effort, `the slide member 10 redescends `by its own weight which must kbe fairly heavyv and its fall is braked in the opposite direction by theV elasticity of the aircontained in the small space 15 beneath the slide member. This latter only reassumes its point of departure when all the air introduced under the pressure of the atmosphere, has been driven out through the hole 17 by the pressure due to the'weight of i A peripheral groove 20 is provided near the lower part of the slide member 10 and the channel 13 communicates with and has its outlet in this groove. A hole 21 pierced in the lining 8 immediately beneath the locking Y screw 14 brings the channel constantly in communication with the external air.

The space 16 beneath the slide member 10 may be considered as being constantly held at a vpressure in. the neighbourhood of the atmosphericl pressure owing to the air entering the compensator hole 17 which allows the quantity of air drawn in at the rise of the sliding member to pass with a certain braking action or effort. Y

On the other hand, the groove or grooves 2O is, or are, always fed largely through the hole 21 with air at atmospheric pressure.

There is thus no chance of leakages toward Ythe bottom of this groove (or grooves) 20 which isolates in absolute manner, the under part of the slide member, from the bottom ofthe feed apertures 18a, 186 ,provided on the periphery.

, There is thus no change of leakages. The inside of the slide member 10 and the bottom ofl the openings 18a, 1829 is well subj ected to a depression which creates an intake of air from the lower parts 'at atmospheric depression, but this intake is fed solely by the air situated in 2O instead of being fed by the air V16 drawn through the compensator hole 17.

The slide member 10 is thus balanced at the different speeds, that is to say that equilibrium is established for any determined regime, at a stable balanced position without objectionable oscillatory movement.

On the other hand it is possible to leave,

when machining, the slide member, a little clearance suliicient for allowing the sliding without jamming and without detriment to the functioning of the carburetor.

For thesame reason, the function of the carburetor is no longer affected by wear thereof andthe slide member rises and falls always in thesame period or evolution.

In view ofthe small section of the peripheral groove 2O serving to stopleakage, and of the longitudinal channel 13, the amount of leakage is absolutely negligible in 'relation to the total volume delivered by the carburetor and inno Lway affects its operation. Moreover, this quantity of air arising from the leakages only exists at high speeds and slow running is not at all affected, the slide member being at the bottom of its travel.

For the purpose of obviating, as far as possible, condensation of fuel which might find its way beneath the slide member, by the play allowed in the matchingbetween the latter and the carburetor, it is necessary to avoid movement eddies due to meeting of the fluid streams leaving the radiating channels 11a, 11b, serving for the suction.

For that purpose, there is added to the interior and bottom of the slide member a part 22 forming a screen of a shape which has Vbeen specially designed to modify the direction of the gaseous streams delivered by the radiating channels 11a, 1170, so as to direct them in the axisy itself of the body of the carburetor and avoid the formation of eddies which would inevitably be produced at the point where the streams of' fluid meet.

Another advantage is that the arrangement of the jets for normal running is greatly facilitated. According to the order of delivery of the jets 19a, 19?), the jet 19?) opposite the jet 19a only commences to deliver when conduit 11a, is uncovered, the same taking place in respect of the jet 19d which y is opposite the jet 190. l

There is produced at the moment where the conduits 11b and 11d are uncovered, a counter pressure on the corresponding jets 195, 19d which retards the correcting action of their entry into play.

By reason of the member 22 forming screen between the fluid streams 11b and 11a on the one hand and 11d and 11e on the other hand, this counter pressure has no further effect and the operation takes place normally.

Further, at the full speed of the motor, when the distributor 10 is at its top position, the four orifices 18a, 18?; deliver in a converging manner all around the member 22 which forms the screen and, as all eddies are avoided, the outflow of the gases is facilitated. At the same time, the better supply to the engine cylinders which results, provides a notable gain of full power.

The member 22 may be integral with the bottom of the slide member or secured thereto by screw 23 or equivalent means; it has, preferably, in plan view the section of the St. Andrew cross (Fig. 2) so as to completely partition the internal space of the slide member and bring the different gaseous streams separately through arcuate conduits 24a, 245 to above the slide member l0, the mixture of the streams of the fluid only taking place in the body lof the carburetor.V

The arcuate channels 24a, 24?), provided in the member 22, direct the fluid and streams ,without sudden bends or sudden variations in section.

The advantage of this construction is to maintain the gaseous current always at sufficient speed of travel throughout the carburetor: no.v matterY whatmay i bev the' speed of' the motor-,1 wfhicli:y ensures the homogenity of lthe mixtureV byy through: loss of speedE orloss of charge. VIhe bearing surfacefofthe. slidemember10 on the lower plug 15 must bezreduce-d'as much as possible so as-.Pto avoirdf; sticking through the effect-of" suctfifomg,forthis-.reason or purpose, the slide member rests on feet 24 of reduced surface. y Y

In abnormal operation, the slide member 10 can abut in'one or other direction at the end of its travel against the plug 15 on the one hand and against the upper bore of the body 1 on the other hand; the burring of its edges might cause it to j amb in one or other of its extreme positions. For this purpose a disengager has been provided on the upper edge 25 of the slide member l0 and the lower angles 26 of the feet 24 have been chamfered.

The invention is not to be limited to the constructional form which has been described suppressing condensations but covers any modifications in details to meet a particular case. In particular, it is obvious that the number, position, depth, width, the shape itself of the peripheral groove or grooves for the stabilization of the leakages as also the longitudinal slot, can vary acof machining said member with sufficient.v

play..

2. In a multiple jet carburetor, a slide valve having a groove on its periphery near itsy lower part and a channel to communicate with said groove and with the atmosphere through a hole in the body of the carburetor, and means to guide said valve.

3; In a multiple jet carburetor, a slide valve having a peripheral groove and a channel to establish communication of said groove'with the outerV air, to keep constant the leakages due to wear, said valve having openings and channels admitting air into the carburetor Y and means to guide and turn the iiuid streams and to form a screen between the channels.

4. In a multiple jet carburetor, a body, a slide valve therein, a screen within the said valve to guide separately the air jets and to ensure their mixture above the slide only, said body having an inner wall spaced from the outer wall and forming an independent lining which serves as a guide for the valve,

which by reason of its being spaced from the i outer Wallis hot liable to deformation and hence also'serves to prevent deformation of the valve, a reduced bearing surface for the s1de,.t0 prevent tsstickng by suction, and a ealbratedopening in the bottom of the body of the carburetor. f

In Witness whereof I ax my signature.

GEORGES BARIQUAND.

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