US1884876A - Compressor - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 25, 1932. w. J. ROULEAU 3 Q a Ma COMPRESSOR Fil ed Feb. 27, 1951 Patented Oct. 25, 1932 UNITED STATES WILFRED. J. ROULEAU, OF QUINCY, MASSACHUSETTS COMPRESSOR Application filed February 27, 1931.

This invention relates to compressors for compressing air or gas and especially to the extracting of the heat of compression durmg the compressing operation and has for one of its objects to provide a. novel compressor in which the cylinder member is constituted by the space between two co-axial conical walls and the piston member has a hollow conical shape and is situated co-axially with the conical walls of the cylinder and operates in the direction of the length of said axis.

Other objects of the invention are to provide a compressor of this type which is double acting, in which the power is applied to the piston at the apex of the conical shape thereof, and in which the conical walls of the cylinder are water cooled.

Other objects of the invention are to provide other improvements in compressors of this type as will be more fully hereinafter set forth.

In order to give an understanding of the invention I have illustrated in the drawing a selected embodiment thereof which will now be described after which the novel features will be pointed out in the appended claims.

The drawing indicates a longitudinal sectional view through a compressor embodying my invention.

In my improved compressor the cylinder space in which the piston operates is indicatcd at 1 and it is constituted by the space between the hollow conical wall 2 which forms the exterior wall of the cylinder space and the co-axial conical wall 3 which forms the interior wall of said cylinder space. The piston member is indicated at 4 and it has a hollow conical shape which is co-axial with the conical members 2 and 3. The movement of the piston is in the direction of the axis of said conical members and during the movement of the piston member in one direction (to the left the exterior face thereof approaches the exterior wall 2 of the cylinder member and the interior face of the piston recedes from the interior wall 3 of the cylinder, while during the movement of the piston member in the opposite direction (to Serial No. 518,646.

the right) the interior face of the piston. approach-cs the interior wall 8 of the cylinder and the exterior face of the piston recedes from the exterior wall 2 of the cylinder.

The compressor is provided with an inlet port and a discharge port communicating with the space between the piston member and the exterior wall 2 of the cylinder and also with another inlet port and discharge port communicating with the space between said piston member and the interior wall 3 of the cylinder thereby making the compressor a double acting one.

The exterior and interior walls 2 and 3 of the cylinder member may be supported in various ways. As herein shown the exterior wall 2 is carried by a housing which forms with said wall a water jacket for cooling the cylinder wall 2. This housing comprises .the cylindrical section 5 which may be mounted on any suitable support 6 and which is chambered as shown at 7 to form a water jacket. The housing also includes a conical section 8 which surrounds the conical wall 2 of the cylinder member and is provided at its base with a flange 9 adapted to be secured in any appropriate way to the cylindrical section 5. The small end of the conical housing section 8 has a head 10 secured thereto.

The exterior conical wall 2 of the cylinder member is shown as having a flange 11 at its larger end which engages the end of the cylindrical section 5 and is secured thereto in any appropriate way and is also shown as having afiange 12 at its smaller end which engages the head 10 and may be secured thereto by any appropriate means.

The interior cylindrical wall 8 is secured to a head member 13 which sets within the cylindrical housing section 5 and is provided with a flange 14 overlying the end of said section, said flange being secured to the section 5 by any appropriate means, not shown.

15 indicates a piston rod which is shown as connected to the small end of the conical 9 piston 4, said rod extending through an opening in the small end of the cylinder space 1 and through the head 10, the latter being provided with a stufiing box 16 of usual construction to provide a tight joint.

The inlet and discharge ports leading to the cylinder space between the piston 42 and the outer cylinder wall 2 are shown as formed in the housing section 5. The inlet port is shown at 17 and it is controlled by a springpressed inlet valve 18 of usual construction. The discharge port is indicated at 19 and it is controlled by a spring-pressed discharge exhaust valve 20 which may also have any suitable or usual construction. 7' Itjwill be understood, ofcourse, that the discharge port 19 communicates with a suit-.. able delivery pipe (not shown) by which the compressed air or gas 'may be-conveyed-to any desired location. The inlet valve l'? is the usual inwardly-opening valve normally held closed by the spring 21 and the discharge valve is the usual outwardly-opening valve 23 will communicate with a suitable discharge 7 plpe (not shown) which may be screw threaded into the screw-threaded aperture 29.

The piston i is shown as provided at its :large end with a cylindrical skirt portion 30 which fits within the inner cylindricalwall 31- of the housingsection 5. This skirt section 30 is shown as having piston rings 32 for the purpose of making a tight joint and 1 the head 13 is so shaped as to provide between it and the housing section 5 an annular space 33 inwhich the skirt 32 of the piston member may operate as the latter is reciprocated. The

inlet and discharge ports 23 and 26 are placed so as to communicate with this annular space as. v I

As the piston 4: is moved toward the left the air or gas in the cylinder space outside of said piston will be compressed and forced through the discharge port 19 while at the same time the suction created in the space at the inside of said piston member will draw in a supply through the inlet port 23. Upon the movement of the piston to the right the air or gas in the space between the piston and the cylinder wall 3 will be compressed and forced out through the discharge port 26 while the suction created in the cylinder space between the piston 4 and the outer cylinder wall 2 will open the inlet valve 17 to allow grooves 34 leadingto theports 23 and 26,

these grooves preventing the ports from being closed by the skirt portion 30 of the piston. I l

The space 35 between the outer cylinder a water jacket through which a cooling medium, preferably water, may be circulated for keeping the cylinder wall 2 cool. For this purpose the housing section 8 is providedwith an'inlet port 36 and a discharge leads through the head 13 and terminates adjacent the small end 40 of the wall 3 and have also provided a discharge pipe 41 leading through the head 13. The cooling medium which is admitted through the pipe 39 is delivered to the chamber 38 at the small end thereof and will thus be circulated through said chamber before it is discharged through the discharge pipe ll. r

I claim:

1. In a compressor, the combination with a cylinder member having'co-aXial conical eX- terior and interior walls spaced from each other, of a hollow conical piston member operating between said walls and movable in thedirection of the axis thereof and 'means to operate the piston member.

'2. A compressor as described in claim 1,

provided with an inlet and an exhaust port a leading to the space on each side of the piston, whereby the compressor is double acting. 3. In a compressor such as described in wall 2 and the housing section 8 constitutes claim 1, the provision of a piston rod connected to the small end of the piston and by which the latter is reciprocated.

4. In a compressor such as described in *claim 1, the provision of a cylindrical skirt sectionextendingfrom the large end of the piston and means providing an annular space at the corresponding end of the cylinder in which said skirt portion operates as the piston is reciprocated.

5. In'a compressor, the combination with a cylinder member having coaxial conical exterior and interior walls spaced from each other, of a hollow conical piston member operating between said walls and movable in the direction of the axis thereof, means to operate the piston member, said piston member having a cylindrical skirt section extending from its'larger end, and means providing an annular space at the corresponding end of the cylinder in which said skirt 7 portion operates as the piston is reciprocated,

there being both an inlet port and a discharge port communicating with said annular space.

6. A compressor such as described in claim 1 provided with means for water cooling both the conical cylinder wall on the exterior of the piston member and the conical cylinder wall on the interior of said piston member.

7. In a compressor, the combination with a cylinder element comprising a hollow conical member and a second conical member partially nested within the hollow conical member but spaced therefrom, the space between said members constituting the cylinder space, a hollow conical piston member operating in said space, and means to operate the piston member.

8. In a compressor, the combination with acylinder element comprising a hollow conical member and a second conical member situated coaxially of the hollow conical member but having its exterior spaced from the interior of the hollow member, the hollow conical piston operating in the space between said members, and means for actuating the piston.

9. In a compressor, the combination with a cylinder element comprising a hollow conical member and a second conical member partially nested within the hollow conical member but spaced therefrom, the space between said members constituting the cylinder space, a hollow conical piston member operating in said space, means to operate the piston member, and means for water cooling both the cylinder wall inside of the piston and on the outside of the piston.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

IVILFRED J. ROULEAU.

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