US1884452A - Muffler for diesel engines with single inlet and outlet port - Google Patents

Description

c. H WIEGMAN ,45

MUFFLER FOR DIESEL ENGINES WITH SINGLE INLET AND OUTLET PQRT Oct. 25, 1932.

Filed Dec. 23, 1930 Patented Oct. 25, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CLARENCE H. WIEGMAN, 013' DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOIB TO PACKARD MOTOR CAR COMPANY, 'OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OF MICHIGAN MUFFLER FOR DIESEL ENGINES WITH SINGLE INLET AND OUTLET PORT Application filed December 23, 1930. Serial No. 504,360.

n the crankshaft, each cylinder having a commoninlet and exhaust port in its head. Each of these common inlet and exhaust ports terminates in an aperture in the side wall of a cylindrical conduit mounted on the cylinder head and having its axis disposed substantially parallel to the axis of the crankshaft of the engine. The forward ends of these several conduits are open to the atmosphere, and the rear ends are separately connected to an exhaust manifold of annular type, the combustion supporting air for the cylinders respectively entering the open forward ends of these conduits and the exhaust products of combustion passing from the rear ends of l5 the conduits to the exhaust manifold.

It will be appreciated by those familiar with the operation of aircraft that it is highly important that the noxious exhaust gases of the engine be prevented from escaping into tr.- the air t i t in advance of the position of the pilot or passengers and also that the noise of the engine be reduced to a minimum. The present invention contemplates an ima: provement in Diesel engines of the type above briefly described whereby the noise of the escaping products ofcombustion from the engine cylinders is effectively muflled, and at the same time these gases are prevented from making their escape into the air so as to inconvenience the operator or passengers of the plane.

One form of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing and will be It will be understood nevertheless that the form of the invention actually selected for disclosure is by way of example only and that still other embodiments may be devised in adapting the invention to engines which differ somewhat in design.

In the drawing:

Figure 1 is a side elevation, rather diagrammatic in character, of the front end of an aeroplane having the improved engine mounted thereon;

Figure 2 is a longitudinal section through one of the cylinders, showing in section the common inlet and exhaust port; and

Figure 3 is a top plan view of one cylinder showing the attached conduit, the conduit being shown in section so that the mufiling device may be clearly perceived.

The aeroplane is generally indicated at 10 and may be of any desired type, and, as a matter of fact, the engine may be mounted upon a dirigible. Again, the improved engine may be used as a stationary engine, but, as will be apparent to one skilled in the art, it is more applicable to engines used with air craft since the problem of satisfactorily muftling and disposing of the exhaust gases of stationary engines is a relatively simple one, and various satisfactory expedients may be adopted.

The engine illustrated has nine radially disposed cylinders, one of which is indicated at 11. Each cylinder has an aperture 12 in its head, from which there extends upwardly and outwardly an elongated port indicated at 13 in the drawing, this port serving not only as a port for the introduction of combustion supporting air but as a port for the discharge of spent products of combustion. A valve 14; controls the flow of gas through port 13.

Each cylinder head has mounted thereon a conduit 15 disposed transversely to the elongated port 13 and substantially parallel to the axis of the crankshaft of the engine.

Port 13 opens into conduit 15 through an aperture formed in the Wall of the conduit. The forward end of conduit 15 is open, as clearly shown in Figure 3, while its rear end is connected by means of a short branch tube 16 to the annular exhaust manifold 17, the function of which is to collect the exhaust gases issuing from all of the cylinders and conduct them to a point, such as 18, beneath the plane, and preferably toward the rear thereof. Positioned within each conduit 15 and disposed over the mouth of the associated port 15 is a mufiling device 19 comprising a generally hemispherical member, perforated for the passage of gases and provided with a marginal flange 20, by means of which it may be secured to the inner wall of conduit 15 as by rivets 21. It will be seen that, while this mufliing device lies within conduit 15, it does not offer a substantial resistance to the passage of air through the conduit.

The engine illustrated is of the four-stroke cycle type, and in its ordinary operation a charge of air is drawn into the cylinder upon one downward movement of the piston, this air beingwithdrawn from conduit 15 by suction created in the cylinder. and port 13. The perforations in the muflling device 19 are sufliciently large and sufficiently numerous to permit the ready passage of the necessary quantity of air. Following the compression stroke of the cylinder, a measured quantity of liquid fuel is injected into the cylinder, and explosion occurs in the usual manner. During the succeeding upward stroke of the piston, Valve 14 is opened by suitable valve actuating mechanism to permit the escape of the products of combustion. These products of combustion rush upwardly through port 13 and strike the muffiing device 19, the function of which is to break up the jet of outrushing gases into smaller streams and thereby mufi'le the sound. Here again, however, the apertures provided in member 19 are of suflicient area, taken collectively, to permit the outflow of products of combustion in the limited time allotted for their escape.

While the aircraft is in motion, a stream of air tends to flow through each conduit 15 and out through the exhaust manifold at all times. After any cylinder has discharged into the associated conduit a volume of products of combustion, a stream of air immediately carries these products rearwardly and into the exhaust manifold, there being no possibility of any of the products of combustion rushing forwardly and being discharged into the atmosphere through the mouth of the conduit, which, of course, would be highly undesirable inasmuch as these gases would then be blown rearwardly toward the occupants of the aeroplane. By the means provided it is found that not only are the gases prevented from escaping in part from the mouths of the conduits 15 but that also the column of outrushing products of combustion is so broken up that the noise of the exhaust is very satisfactorily decreased.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new and desired to be secured by Letters Patent is 1. In a Diesel engine, in combination, a plurality of cylinders each having an elongated port for the introduction of air and the discharge of products of combustion, an exhaust manifold, a conduit associated with each cylinder and disposed transversely of the corresponding port, one end of the conduit being open for the inflow of air and the other end being connected to the exhaust manifold, the corresponding cylinder port opening into the conduit through an aperture formed in the conduit walland intermediate the ends of the conduit, and a muffling device disposed across each such aperture.

'2. In a Diesel engine, in combination, a plurality of cylinders each having an elongated port for the introduction of air and the discharge of products of combustion, an exhaust manifold, a conduit associated with each cylinder and disposed transversely of the corresponding port, one end of the conduit being open for the inflow of air and the other end being connected to the exhaust manifold, the corresponding cylinder port opening into the conduit through an aperture formed in the conduit wall and intermediate the ends of the conduit, and a mufiling device positioned in each conduit and disposed across the aperture formed in the wall thereof to muflle the flow of exhaust gases issuing therefrom. I

In a'Diesel engine, in combination, a plurality of cylinders each having an elongated portfor the introduction of air and the discharge of products of combustion, an exhaust manifold, a conduit associated with each cylinder and disposed transversely of the corresponding port, one end of the conduit being open for the inflow of air and the other end being connected to the exhaust manifold, the corresponding cylinder port opening into the conduit through an aperture formed in the conduit wall and intermediate the ends of the conduit, and a perforated hemispherical member positioned in each conduit, the periphery of each said member being attached to the conduit wall and encircling the aperture formed therein to muflie the flow of exhaust gases issuing therefrom.

4. In a Diesel engine, in combination, a plurality of radially disposed cylinders, a circular exhaust manifold in rear of the cylinders, a conduit associated with each cylinder located to one side of the cylinder head and having its forward end open to the atmosphere, its rear end connected to the exhaust manifold, and an aperture in its wall, an elongated. laterally extending port connecting said aperture and the interior of the cylinder for the transmission to and from the cylinder of combustion supporting air and spent products of combustion, respectively, and means positioned across each such aperture for mufilinq the spent gases issuing therefrom.

5. In a Diesel engine, in combination, a plurality of radially disposed cylinders, circular exhaust manifold in rear of the cylinders, a conduit associated With each cylinder located to one side of the cylinder head and having its forward end open to the atmosphere, its rear end connected to the exhaust manifold, and an aperture in its Wall, an elongated laterally extending port connecting said aperture and the interior of the cylinder for the transmission to and from the cylinder of combustion supporting air and spent products of combustion, respectively, and means positioned across each such aperture for mufiling the spent gases issuing therefrom, each of said means being positioned Within the associated conduit but not obstructing the same to a substantial extent.

6. In a Diesel engine, in combination, a plurality of cylinders each having an elongated port for the introduction of air and the discharge of products of combustion, an exhaust manifold, a conduit associated with each cylinder and disposed transversely of the corresponding port, the discharge end of the port opening into the conduit, one end of the conduit being open for the inflow of air and the other end connected to the exhaust manifold, and a mufiling device positioned in each conduit and disposed across the mouth of the port to muffle the exhaust gases passing from said port into the conduit.

7. In a Diesel engine, in combination, a plurality of cylinders each having a single port for the introduction of air and the exhaust of products of combustion, and a foraminous muffling device disposed across the mouth of each such port, the apertures therein being adequate in total area for the introduction of air into the cylinder While at the same time being sufliciently restricted in total area to effect retardation and muffiing of the released exhaust gases.

8. In a Diesel engine, in combination, a plurality of cylinders, each cylinder having a common inlet and exhaust port, an exhaust manifold arranged to receive the exhaust products of combustion from all of said cylinders, and aseries of bafiiing or mufliing devices, one such device being associated with each common inlet and exhaust port and comprising a foraminous member through which both air for combustion and products of combustion alternately pass in the operation of the engine.

9. In a Diesel engine, in combination, a plurality of cylinders each having a common inlet and exhaust port, an exhaust manifold arranged to receive the exhaust products of signature.

CLARENCE H. WIEGMAN.

Images