US1883328A - Compressor - Google Patents

Description

`ou. 18, 1932. w, E BIHL. ET Ap 1,883,328

COMPRESSOR Filed Nov. 8, 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet l Oct. 18, 1932. w. E. BlHL ET AL 1,883,328

' COMPRESSOR Filed Nov. 8, 1927l 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 @L is, 1932. w. E. BIHL ET AL 1,883,328

COMPRSSOR Filed Nov. 8. 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 lm f3 Z5 P't'entel Oei.l 18, 1932' UNITED STATES UPnTEnE bili-:HCE

MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, T ZEBOZONE,` CORPORATION OF DELAWARE wmulur E. mma Nn nxEr. nnucmw; or CHICAGO, ILLmoIs, nssraivons, 'EY

UCOBRORATED, 0F CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A

- A COHIPBESSOB 'Application led November 8, 1927. Serial No. 831,874.

Our invention relates `in neral to compressors for mechanical re igerators and more particularly to small, compact and efcient `compressors adapted to be operated by an electric motor for domestic or home use.

In mechanical refrigerators, and more particularly in mechanical refrigerators for domestic or homev use it is highly desirable and advantageous to provide a cheap, compact, and highly eicient compressor unit that nwill operate indefinitely without attention.` It;is

"also desirable that the compressor unit be operated with as little vibration as possible in order to prevent objectionable noise. In' addition it'is highly advantageous to have thek compressor unit coupled .directly to the shaft ofthe driving motor, not only to reduce the cost of the speed reducing mechanism, but

because if the compressor is run at' a'relatively high speed there is less tendency to produce objectionable sounds and noise. When the compressor unit is run at high speed, any noises thatl are present will occur at a relatively high speed and will be apparent by an audible hum, which is much less objectionable than a series -of knockings and j poundings. In order to further `reduce the vibration and permit the compressor to run at high speed, it is desirable that the crank shaft carrying the piston be counterbalanced. One of the objects of our invention is to provide a cheap, small, compact and highly eicient compressor unit which is adapted for domestic use.

Another object is to provide acompressor unit which maybe operated at motor speed of commercialI electric motors'so as to reduce,

the noise and vibration, and so as to eliminate the cost of the usual speed reducing mechanism now employed.

Another object isto provide a cylinder for a compressor unit of this character which may i adjustment.

Another object is to provide means `for counterbalancing the crank shaft of the compressor unit.

' f There are other objects'of our invention,

which together with the foregoing, will be described. in the detail specification, which is to be removed, either for'replacement orl follow, taken in' conjunction with the accompanying drawings. f

eferring now' to the drawings Fig. 1 is a top plan view of vour improved compressor unit;

Fig. 2 is a vertical section along the line 2 2 'of Fig. 1 lookingin the directlon of the arrows; j Fig. 3 is another vertical section at right angles tothe one ofFig. 2 and taken along thel line 3 3 of this figure;

Fig. 4 is a top plan view'withthe conil pressor4 head removed, taken along the line 4-4ofFig. 2; and e Fig. 5 shows a modified valve in the top of the cylinder.

ferring now Jto the drawings, in which like referencecharacters in the various figures are applied to similar parts, the reference character designates the cylinder blockv which has the exterior radiating fins 11 and the interior strengthening webs 12 formed or cast integrally with it.- The cylinder. block 10 is supported by a base 13 which is also formed mtegrally with it. A cylinder 14, which is cast separatel is adapted to t within the upper endo 'the cylinder blockk 10. JA cylinder head 15 is placed on the top .off the cylinder 14, with a asket 16 interposed between the top of t e cylinder and y metal strip 19 one end 'of which fits over the opening 18 and the other end is secured in placeby the clamping action of the valve guard 20, which is held in place by the bolts y 22. The'valve' guard 20 is slightly offset to permit the valve 19 to open. The offset portion of the valve guard is disposed parallel to the valve and in closel proximit thereto, and is provided with a substantia y flat under surface against which the valve strikes when it operates. The offset end of the valve view f the 1m'-l ardris also provided with a small openlng 21 therein to preventy the valve 19 from sticking thereto from air pressure when it 1soperated. 'The head 7 0 of the cylinder block 10 is providedwith an opening 23 which coincides with an opening 24 in the compressor head cap 25 that is attached to the head of` y uid to the cylinder. A hollow piston 28 is adapted toQfitwithin the lcylinder 14. The

having an opening in each which form bearing surfaces for the piston pin 30 that serves v to connect the piston 28 to a connecting rod 31. The connecting rod 31' is suitably fastened to an eccentric 32 on a crank shaft 33. The crank shaft 33 rides in a bearing 34 that is formed by a boss 35 on the cylinder block 10. .An end plug 36 is threaded into the bearing 34 and serves to abut the end of the crankthrough a bearing made up of a ball 39 suitably held in place between two discs 37 and 38. The disc 38. may be-pinned or "otherwise attached to the shaft 39 to rotatewith it. o The discs 37 and 38 are provided so .that if l the .bearing wears it may be replaced. A gasket or washer 38 is interposed between the end plug 36 and the boss 35 to seal the bearing so that Vthe escape. The bearing 34 is supplied with oil through an oil groove 39. v

The Vend of the connecting rod 31 has a dipper or extension 40 which is adapted to plunge' intothe oil reservoir 41, formed in 0 the base of the cylinder block and splash the oil therein tothe various bearingV surfaces.

The other end of the crank shaft 33 rides ina bearing 42 having an oil port 43 for lubricating purposes. The bearing is supplied with oil from a small oil reservoir 44 formed on top of the bearing 42. A shoulder 46 is formed on the crankshaft 33 by reducing its diameter, andV is ground so as to provide a very'even surface. This shoulder is adapted to rest against a sealing ring 47, which is prfovided' with a packing 48. 47 fitsv in a recess in an annular member 49 i which is pressed tightly against it bymeans of a spring 50. The annular member 49 is 5, provided witha iange 51. A bellows 52 is suitably attached to the flange 51. The other end of the bellows 52 is attached 'to a ring member 5,3 which is clamped between the cyl` inder block 10 and a anged member 54. The flanged member 54. is clamped tightly to the cylinder block lO by means of bolts 55. The

flanged member is provided with a circular lrecess 56 on its inner side to provide a seat vfor the spring 50. A washer {Wis-positioned between the ring member 52 and the cylinder piston 28 is provided with two extensions29.

shaft 33 and to hold the crank shaft in place,-

by the arrows.

refrigerator fluid will not The sealing ring block. The-spring 5.0.serves to maintain the e lar member 49, the ring member 53 and the flanged member 54 forms a means for sealing the bearing 42 of the crank shaft to prevent escape of the refrigerating fluid.

A counterbalance 58 is suitably attached by a bolt 58 to the crankshaft 33 adjacent the I connecting rod bearing. The counterbalance 58 serves to balance thepiston on the crank shaft 33. A plug 59 is adapted to fit within an opening 60 in the lower portion of the cylinder block 10. The openings 60 serve as a ymeans of access to the oil reservoir 41.

The cylinder 'block 10`is provided with an extension or boss 61 which has an openingI 62 therethrough. A cap member 63 is attached to the cylinder block by means of bolts 64. A gasket 65 is interposed between the cap member and the extension 61 to provide a tight'tting joint. The cap member 63 carries the pipe connection 66 and contains an opening 7 7 which coincides with the opening 62 in the cylinder block to form the inlet port, that is, the path by which the refrigerator fluid is conveyed to the compressor. The path of the refrigerating Huid is shown The crank shaft 33 is coupled directly to a small electric motor (not shown) When the circuit of the electric motor, which operates the compressor, is closed by the 'operation of the thermostat switch in the refrigerator in* a well known manner, the crank shaft jofthe compressonwhich is connected directly to the motor shaft is operated at motor speed. Assuming that the motor speed is 1800 revolutions per minute the piston 28 has 1800 compression strokes per min'- ute. The dipper 40 attached to the end of the connecting rod 31 serves to spray the oil in l the reservoir 41 to all the bearing surfaces of 'inlet port 62 from the pipe 66 that leads to the refrigerating coil in the refrigerator. The refrigerating iuid passes through the ports 27 in the cylinder block when the piston is at the end of its charging stroke.A The re.- frigerating iiuid is then compressed by the compression st'roke of the piston. 1 At the end of this compression stroke the refrigerating fluid is forced through the leaf or feather valve 19 through the outlet port 24 and th'en to the condensing coil. From the condensing coil the refrigerating fluid is admitted',

through the usual expansion valve into the refrigerating coil in the refrigerator.

The ends of the crank shaft are ground in order tofprovide close spacing so that' there is no ,leaking of the` refrigerating fluid through the end plug 36 or through the ring seal 47. The counterbalance 58 reduces the vibration of the crank shaft33.

Referring now to Figure 5 we will describe Aa modified -form of leaf or feather valve for the cylinder head 15. The only difference between this construction and that of the feather valve before described is that the valve guide 20 is not oi'set'in this instance. A small spring member which is shorter than the spring member 19 constituting the" feather valve, though ofv equal thickness 1s interposed between the-valve guard 20 and the valve spring 19.r` The spring member 70y serves to space the valve 19 from the valve guide 20 so that there is no necessity for offmember fitting over said spring member and` clamping it in place, vsaid guard member hav ing an offset portion with a substantlally flat under surface disposed 'in close proxim1ty lto said spring member and adapted to be contacted thereby, and said offset portion having an opening therein to prevent said spring member from sticking thereto.

In witness whereof, we hereunto subscribe our names this 20th daof June, 1927.

LIAM E. BIHL. AXEL RAMCLAW.`

settingthefvalve guide as in the previous Y construction. v

We contemplate as being included in these improvements such variations and modifications from what isl herein specifically illustrated and described as fall within the scope vof the appended claims.

We claim 1. In a compressor, a crank case, abaseand a cylinder block all formed as integral parts of a unitary structure, the block having an inner annular shoulder adjacent its upper end, a cylinder having an" outer annular flange at its upper end seating on said shoulder, a cylinder head seating on the upper end of the cylinder, a cylinder block head seating on the cylinder head and secured to the block, a piston operating in the cylinder, acrank shaft mounted in the crankcase, and

operating connections between saidl'shaft and the piston.

2. In a compressor, a crank case, a cylinder i block opening into the case, a cylinder suspended from its upper end and depending into the cylinder block vin spaced relation to the surroundin wall thereof, the space between the cylin er and the block 'being open at its lower end, the crank case having an inlet opening and the cylinder having intake ports adjacent its upper end, a piston operating in the cylinder, a crank shaft mounted in the crank case, and operating. connections between said shaft and the piston.

3. In a compressor, a crank case, a cylinder block opening into the crank case, a cylinder mounted in the block in spaced relation'tox the surrounding wall thereof, the space between the cylinder and the block being closed at said 'cylinder having an openlng therein, a

spring member having an end fitti-ng over said opening, a relatively thin flexible guard

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