US1881098A

US1881098A - Tunnel liner

Info

Publication number: US1881098A
Application number: US478492A
Authority: US
Inventors: Harry M Schaab
Original assignee: Truscon Steel Co
Current assignee: Truscon Steel Co
Priority date: 1930-08-28
Filing date: 1930-08-28
Publication date: 1932-10-04
Anticipated expiration: 1949-10-04

Description

Oct. 4 1932. sg s 1,881,098

TUNNEL LINER Filed Aug. 28. 1930 2 Sheets-Shae}. 1

I nueni'or: 1 /c Jiarr JZSchaab,

. Patiented Oct. 4, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT. OFFICE W! I. SOHAAB, OF YOUNGSTOWN, OHIO, ASSIGNOB TO TRUSCON STEEL comm OF YOUNGSTOWN, OHIO, A CORPORATION 01' MICHIGAN TUNNEL LINER The object of the present invention is to provide a structure for lining tunnels, shafts, and the like, which can be readily produced channel form. Each of these consists of a main bearing wall 11 with side flanges 12. It will be understood that these sections are in relatively simple parts and easily assem-V of material length and are longitudinally bled, and which involves in such assembly,

'reenforcements and stiflening members that will effectively malntam the liner in position and against distortion, due to the pressure thereagainst.

A further and important object is to provide a structure of'this kind that can be embedded in concrete in which case the reenforcing members interlock with the concrete, and thereby form a rigid connection between the shell or liner and the concrete body.

In the accompanying drawings several embodiments are illustrated by way of example, but it will be evident to those skilled in the art that other modifications within the scope of the appended claims may be readily produced.

In said drawings: Figure 1 is a sectional perspective view of a simple embodiment of the invention.

Figure 2 is a side elevation of the same. Figure 3 is a similar view of a modification of the structure shown in Figure 1.

Figure 4 is still another embodimentof the invention.

from that shown in Figure 3.

Figure 5 is a structure slightly diflerent Figure 6 is an embodiment of the invention in which a skeleton or lattice reenforcing member is employed.

Figure 7 is a side elevation of the same. Figure 8 is a detail horizontal sectional view showing the splice employed in the inner member.

Figure 9 is a perspective view illustrating the form of the'splice.

Figure 10 is a perspective view of another form of skeleton or lattice reenforcement.

Figure 11 is a. detail sectional view of the structure shown in Figure 1, indicating how a centering or form may be applied for the purpose of filling with concrete behind the liner. I Considering the embodiment disclosed in Figures 1 andv 2, plate members or sections are employed of rolled steel or other metal of bowed or curved to the contdur of the tunnel wall to which they are applied. Being independent members, they can be made in quantities and readily shipped.

Associated with them, is a reenforcing rib member. In Figure 1 this member is a T- bar, the rib proper being designated 13 with oppositely outstanding flanges 14 along one edge. The unfianged margin of this rib 13, it will be noted, is interposed between the immediate flanges 12 of two of the members 11 and is secured thereto by any suitable means, as for example, bolts 15 that pass through the flanges 12 and the rib.13. This provides an assembly of parts in w ich the plate members are effectively secured to the reenforcing rib member, so that the plate members are securely held inposition and against distortion. It will be noted that this structure can be continued to form a lining of any length desired. The flanges 14 of the reenforcing rib member serve to prevent any tendency of the rib member to bend laterally and furthermore these flanges may be perforated, as shown at 16 (see Fig. 11) to receive a centering wall or form. making it possible to embed the rib members in con crete and thus back the plate members 11. This centering, designated 17, in Figurell, may be of any suitable ,material held to the flanges 14 by bolts 18, or other suitable fasteners that pass through the openings 16.

In the structure shown in Figure 3, the plate sections are designated 11a and are of the same character as those already 'described. The reenforcing rib member in this instance is shown asformed ,of two L-bars 13a flanged at their inner ends, as illustrated at 14a, and secured together by bolts'15a. The inner flanges 12a of the plates 11a are shown as secured by bolts 16:; to the rib members 13a, though other suitable fastenersmay be employed. It will be evident that other shapes than L-bars may be utilized.

Referring now to the form of construction shown in Figure 4, the plate members are designated 11b and are of-the type already considered, being provided with longitudinal side flanges 12b. The reenforcing rib member in this structure is shown as formed of two L-bars 13b bolted to ether as 1llustrated at 15?), and having t eir inner por-v tions provided with flanges 14b. The outer sides of these bars are outset, thereby providreenforcing rib member, these plates being interposed between the inner flanges 120 of the plate members 110 and bolted thereto as illustrated at 150. v

In the structure illustrated in Figures 679 inclusive, a skeleton reenforcing member is employed. The same plate-members, designated here 1101 with their side flanges 12d are employed. The reenforcing rib member,

,however,'consists of an outer chord 13d and an inner chord. Thisinner chord may consist, for example, of two angle bars 14d spot welded or otherwise secured together. The outer and inner chords are connected by a lattice which may be in the form of a zigzag rod 150! electrically welded at its bends to the inner and outer chords. The outer chord has the adjacent flanges 12d of the plate members lld'lying against its opposite faces, and secured by bolts 1603 or other suitable fasteners. In this structure the reenforcing rib member is preferably of sections that are spliced together. The outer chord 13d may have its ends abutted and these ends will of course to be secured together by the flanges 12d of the plate members bolted thereto, which extend across the joint. The inner chord preferably has one of its angle barsterminating short of the other on one side at one end, and correspondinglyextended on the other end ,(see Figure 9). These extended ends designated 17 d can therefore be lapped and secured together by bolts 18d or other fasteners. I

Finally as an additional illustrative form the structure shown in Figure 10 may be considered. Here again there is employed the plate members. designated 1'16 with their side flanges 126. I The reenforcing rib member is a skeleton or lattice beam. The outer side is of channel form, and is designated 13c, having side-flanges 14c bolted or secured by other suitable fastening means to the inner side flanges 126, the bolts being shown at 15a. The inner chord memberis shown'asof angle bars 166, bolted together at 17 e. The lattice structure that joins the inner and outer v chords is designated 18c and is shown as ex tending fromeach of'the angle bars 166 to the side flanges 14a of theouter chord.

easily and cheaply manufactured and can be assembled to produce a liner that is exceptionally strong andrigid and which can be used with or without concrete as may be found desirable.

- From the foregoing, it is thought that the construction, operation and many, advantages of the herein described invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art, without further description and it will be understood that various changes in the size, shape, proportion and minor details of construction may be resorted to without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention.

What I claim, is:

1; A lining structure of the character set forth, comprising-a reinforcing bar having a web provided with an unflanged outer side, liner plates on opposite sides of the bar having integral side flanges of less width than the width of the bar and lying against the opposite faces of the outer unflanged portion of the web of said bar, and fasteners securing the said integral flanges of the plates to the unflanged portions of the bar, the inner portion of said bar projecting inwardly beyond the plates.

2. A lining structure of the character set forth, comprising a reinforcing barof reverse T-form having its inner portion laterally flanged, and its outer portion unflan ed, liner plates on opposite sides. of the ar, having integral side flanges 'ofless width than the width of the bar and lying along the outer unflanged portion of the same, and means for directly fastening the said integral flanges of the plates to-the outer unflanged portion of the bar, the flanged inner portion of the barextending inwardly beyond the flanges and with the plates forming a substantially I-beam structure.

A tunnel liner structure comprising a series of associated and connected plates forming a substantially continuous outer wall and a reinforcing bar for the plates secured thereto and including outer and inner chords, and a skeleton web connecting the chords, the web andinner chord being located at and projecting beyond the inner side,v of the liner wall and plates.

4. A lining structure'of the character set forth comprising a reenforcing rib member, consisting of a beam havingan outer chord and an inner chord with a skeleton lattice connecting the same, plate sections having marginal flanges lying along one of the chords, and means securing 5. A lining structure of the character set v forth, comprising a reenforcing rib member consisting of a beam longitudinally chm.

neled andhaving a substantially U-shaped outer chord, an mnerchord, a skeleton lattide connecting the inner and outer chords, 5 plate sections having marginal flanges lying along the outer chord, and means securing said flanges and chord In testimony whereo together. i, I aflix my signature.

HARRY M. SCHAAB.