US1879899A - Furnace - Google Patents

Description

J. HAULIK Sept, 27, 1932.l

FURNACE Filed Oct. l5, 1929 4 Sheets-Sheet INVENTOR,

ATTORNEY.

27, 'E932 J. HAULIK 1,879,899

FURNAGE Filed OOt. l5, 1929 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 32 :T ,si

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INVENTOR,

ATTORNEY.

Sept. 27, 1932. J. HAUUK 1,879,899

FURNACE Filed oct. 15, 1929 4 sheets-sheet 5' JHAULIK,

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J. HAULIK 1,879,899

FURNACE 4 sheets-sheet 4 Filed Oct. 15, 1929 J. Mfr/LIX, I N VEN TOR.

A TTORNEY following Patented Sept. 27, 1932 JOSEPH HAULIX, OF `DULRANCL" CITY, PENNSYLVANIA miam IURNACE Application led October 15, 1929. Serial No. 399,797. v :TV

The present -inventionrelates to furnaces used in the manufacture of glass, and a new arrangement of the principal parts of such a furnace is adopted herein, to accomplish'the purposes.

Due. to the removal of the producer gas generators, usually located between the gas and air regenerators, in such furnacesLthe ventilation of the casting hall basement, which is located beneath the factory floor, is much improved, and a temperature ,thereby obtained, which is Vvery desirable for the workmen around this portion of the glass furnace; and secondly due to the same constructive change, the cleaningof. the gas and air regenerator chambers, is accomplished with much more ease than' with the common type of furnace, due to the ability ofthe workmen to clean the' interior of the said gas and air regenerator chambers fromfthe outer and inner ends of same, all of which will be more fully described as this specication proceeds herein.

Another feature of the present furnace is that due to a proper and certain location of the burner ports at each end of the furnace hearth chamber, the burning gases in said chamber are directed in their flow, over the tops, and notv against the top portions of the glass pots which are being heated in the said chamber, thereby extending greatly the life of the glass pots, as will be explained herein.

Also due to a vertical delivery of gas in certain gas delivery passages in the furnace, the inner wall of the said flues, are not burned out asquickly asheretofore, as will be fully described.V

The binding of the glass furnace is made to much greater advantage, due to the ease with which this may be done with the present type of furnace, and bulgingofthe central portion of the furnace is prevented, due to the shorter length to be encompassed bythe longitudinal' binding channels. This will be eX- plained below, and it will be seen that this feature also extends the life of the furnace before it becomesnecessary to rebuild it.

, The gas and airA valves used in connection with the presentv furnace are placed further apart, and from the furnace proper, than is hold the checker-work longer than the plain tile, thereby extending usual with glass furnaces, to make them more accessible 1n cleaning and they are also so v placed, to avoid the excessive heat which proximity to the furnace chambers has led to hard and uncomfortable manipulation of these parts of the furnace installation.

Another importantfeature in my invention is the use of self-cleaning hearth stones which are part of the furnace hearth, madeN of heat resistant clay, andin sections, which are shaped and inclined towards small outlet openings in thewalls of the furnace'at the .focal point of the stones, whereby the overflow of glass fand dbris from theglass pots, collects practically automatically by gravity and is easily collected at the small portholes just named. The use of a. number of these @self-cleaning stones, ineach furnace hearth chamber, abolishes the useof scrapers7 used hereto-fore for cleaning the furnace hearth, having long handles substantially fifteen or sixteen feet in length, which were necessary, due to theinability of the workmen tostand the great heat of the furnace hearth chamber, when the doors of same were opened for scraping purposes. The full details of this feature will be disclosed below. A constructional feature has also been adopted in my invention, in the'use of'brick supporting arches to support the @checker-v worli which are placed over the air andgas regenerator flues, in the regenerator chambers, instead of plain tile, heretofore used for thepurpose named. last longer due to their greater strength, and brick in position the useful life of the regenerators as is easily understood, and willy be furtherv described.

A novel arrangement of ventilat-ing and cooling chambers and iiues for cooling the furnace hearthis adopted in the present invention as will be set out, and which is a device of much utility, and in combination with .the many other features herein,has produced a furnace of great practical and inventional advantage in the art in which the invention is used.

In the drawings Vforming part of the present specication, f

The fire-briok arches Figure 1 is a foundational horizontal section through tliefurnace taken on line 1-1 of Figure 8. 4

Figure`2 is a vertical cross-section through gas and air flues taken on line 2-2 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a horizontal section on line 3-3 of Figure 8, showing the ventilation or air Vcooling llues which lie beneath the fur-v nace hearth, the surface of the latter being removed for clearness of illustration. Figure 4 is a horizontal section of rider-arch brick being removed from onehalf of the furnace regenerator flues.

Figure 5 is a horizontal section through the furnace on line'5-5 of Figure 8, showing the interior of the furnace hearth chamber, with various sizes of glass pots disposed on the 5, taken the furnace partly in section taken on' line 9e-9of Fig#` ure 4. l Q

Figure 10 is a perspective view of two of the brick rider arches, and associated parts,

` used to support the checker-work brick, in the Y ber, having the usual side walls `iegenerator chambers of the furnace.

1n the drawings the numeral 1 indicates a glass furnace, having the following parts. Numeral 13 indicates a furnace hearth cham- Y 78, 79, hearth 14, andarched ioof 80. T he hearth 14 is cooled by the chamber 70, lying immediately beneath it, and having the respective inlet ports and outlet ilues 74, T5 for providing a circulation of air through chamber 70, and

l the lower side of the furnace hearth 14.

Beneath the cooling chamber 7 0 are located two banks of gas and -air regenerat-ors, toy wit, 9, 31, 51, and 20, 34, and 35, the first being designated as group 58, and the latter as group 59. The chambers 9 and 20 are usually called the gas regenerators, since at certain periods of operation, the gas flows through them exclusively, while all the other chambers of these two groups are called or named the air regenerators. for a similar reason. 'I hese ie- Generative chambers are provided with rider 'arches or arched brick 30, 30 etc. which arey vplaced over or span the passages which are beneath them, and on these rider brick are placed a series of openly disposed brick (not shown), which are called the checker-work brick, commonly used for reheating the gases and air at certain periods of operation ofthe furnace.

Certain fluesor passages are located be-V (notshown). Theinrushing air diverte the the furnace taken online 4--4 of Figure 8, with the neath the regenerative chambers just described, and beneath the arched passageway 52, and these leading-in, and leading-out passages such as 28, 36, 24, 39, 68, 7, 23, are used to convey gas and air, and the products of their combustion to and from the air-valves 2 and 41, and the stack 25, their method of use being described below.v

Leading from the regenerators 9, 31, 51,'ete. are certain iiues such as 11, 32, 69, and 19, 65, 66 which carry air or gas, or both to the chainbers 12 and 18, and thereby to the furnace hearth chamber 13, the operation of these passages also being set out in detail hereinafter.

The air valves 2 and 41, are such as are commonly used in this art, and have the Y proper construction so that inflowing gas may pass through the opening27, Figures 4, for instance, w ile out-flowing gas and air may pass up through opening 37, through a passage not shown,but commonly provided'in such `valves to and through the opening 38 to the stack flue 24, and to the stack 25. Valve 26-has also7 the reversing feature common to v. such valves, in that Vopening 37 maybe opened to the in-flowing lair, while 27 and 38 are then open for the use ofthe out-floiving air andy gas to the Stack flue 24,v and stack 25. Similar features are part of theV other air-valve 41.

lThese features are very common in the trade Y and. art to which the present invention belongs, and will not be further described herein. A very' good and intelligent understandingof the parts of this furnace may be obtained by following the 'operation of its parts, and suc-h description `will now be given.

The gas valve 2, is llocated at point 3, of Figure 7,' and supplies gas from a producer gas generator at a distant point, and same is not shown on the drawings. The gas valve 2 has three openings 4, 5, 6, through which gas may'pass to the gas flues 7kor 23. However only one passage/is usedfor iii-flowing gas at atime, and the gas iowwill be assumed to originate at and pass through the opening 4 preferably for the present descriptive purposes, and thence to -flue 7 shown in Figures land 9 ofthe drawings. Passage 7 Vcommunicat'es Vwith passage 8,and gas regenerator 9, passing up through between the rider-'arches A0r brick 10, and thereby to and through the checker-work brick (not shown) which always are piled upon the rider arches 10. When the furnace is in full operation the gas in chamber 9 is in an ignited condition, so that the'checker-brick arein a superheated condition constantly, as is common in regenerative furnaces. AAs is seen the top of the chamber 9 is arched, and leading therefroinvis a vertical conveying gas passage 11, which in itsturn leads to a horizontally disposed mixing passage 12,'where the gas meets an. inflow of air under strong? pressure, which is received at pointl 81 from a source of pressurel supply -V en gas Vsupply inwards toward the'furnace cham-i ber 13, kand passes over the hearth 14 -in a needed amount of air for combustion, inthe furnace chamber 13, asis at once understood, and will be further described.

On the hearth 14 are placed the glass pots 1o, 16, Figure, o.

through the burner port 17, to passage 18,

down through passages 19, 65, and 66`to the regenerator chambers-20, 34 and 35. F rom thence the mixed gas and air in chamber 26* passes along passage 23 to the gas valve opening 6, thence through the opening 5, to stack iiue 24, and out of the stack 25. The air flow passes in much the saine manner as that just described in reference to the gas-iiow. The air valve 26 admits air to the opening 27, thence to, the air passages 28, 29, through the rider arches 30 to the air regenerator 31. Thence to vertical passage 32 Figure 3, and to passage 12, where it meets the gas from passage 11 just described and is delivered to the furnace chamber 13. The heated gases in the chamber 34 pass through passage 36 to opening 37 in air valve 26, to and through opening 33 to passage 24, and the stack 25. The

` burned gases from chamber 35 pass through passage 39 to opening 40 of the air-valve 41,

through opening 42, to passage 24, and to theV stack 25.

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It will be notedithat while I have described the air iiow originating at the air-valve 26; at the same time air is passing through opening 67 of valve 41, andpasses through passage 68 to chamber 51, and thence to the vertical passage 69, to passage 12 and mixes with the air from passage 32, and the gas from passage 11 as before described.

It is noted in passing that when the air and gas valves are reversed in the well understood and known manner of all regenerative furnaces, that a contrary flow of gases and air may be obtain-ed through the chambers of all the regenerators described above, and it is believed tha this operation is so well known and understood, it is unnecessary to set same out further here.

In many furnaces in common use heretofore, the gas is delivered into a passage which corresponds to passage 11, and its counterpart 19, from a point which is at right angles in direction `to these gas passages. Itis readily understood that this method of flow soon burns out the side wall brick at say points 43, in such furnaces, and the brick falling in said flues block them up, and the furnaces accordingly have to be rebuilt much sooner, than with the presenttype of furnace, in which the heated gas merely ascends through The burning gas and airv pass over these pots of moltenzf glass,

, banks 4of the same.

used to clean out the shown in Figures 5 and 9 its `course in the passage 12, by the strong air pressure acting on it there. This is one of the purposes ,set out in the preamble to this specification, and tends to prolong the'life of the furnace, as some other features Aset oiiilt herein tend to do also, .thereby providing abetter furnace than those in common use.

Another principal advantage ofthe present invention, is the properl selected location of .the burner ports 33 and 17. The burner pont f 33 shown clearly inFigure 8"isformed and placedV so that the bottom edge 44 of the port is at a higher elevation within the furnace chamber 13 than the tops 45 of the glass Vpots l5., 16, for the purposeof directing tlie in-rushing burning gas and air, which is advancing under great pressure into the chamber'ffrom theburner port 33, or 17 as the case may be, -overthe tops of the said glass pots, and not against them, as heretofore com? monly done in similiar glass furnaces. This Y results in `a vgreat saving of glass pots, as is at once apparent, and this feature is one of the principal advantages of my invention.

The arrangement of the parts ofthe present invention, result in a clear advantage when cleaning of the air andgas regenerators is required. Due tothe entire removal of ,the usual producer gas generators (not shown) from points 46, 47, between the two banks of regenerators 58 and 59, and the construction of the passageway 52therebetween. it is seen that doors are placed at 48, 49, 59 in the inner ends of the regenerators, in both Q The arch-ed passage 52 being capacious enables the air cleaning .hose checker-work brick in all the regenerator chambers, to be readilv used from the inner ends of these chambers. This Vis a new `feature of the present invention, and especial attention is drawn thereto. The doors placed vat the outer ends, to wit at 53, 54, 55 of the regenerator chambers, are in common use, but the great advantage of being able to clean out these chambers both from the inner and the outer ends thereof, is a distinct advantage in this art, and it is believed. needs no furtherfeinphasis herein.

A novel feature of the invention in hand is what I lhave named the cleaning stones, as of thev drawings. These cleaning stones are numbered 82,l and preferably made in several sections, and of specialclay, sloped and curved some-what in a cupped form, but always inclined towards their outlets 56, 57 etc., and used for carrying away automatically by gravity, the overflow of Vmolten glass and impurities from the glass pots 15 on the furnace hearth 14. This p the necessity of opening the` side doors of a a vertica-lflue A11,v or 19, and isdeflected fromfurnace, in order kto accomplish the cleaning operation. Ordinarily any4 slag,` or debris found at hand at the factory is used to stop up the orifices 56, 57, and this is pushed out stantly in motion, by the shape and form of i 10` of position temporarily, whena poker or other iron rod is pushedV in the orifices, to' forward thev discharge of said impurities from the hearth of the furnace. However it is found, as kthese impurities arekept conthe cleaning stones leading always to the various orifices at the outer side walls of the furnace, that very little otherA attention ist needed. e

t length, and practically no bulging of the 1re'- CII generative chamber occurs at pointsV 62, .62. This is readily seen to be true, when attention is called to the fact that many furnaces in ccinmon use, have binding channels Aof a length equal to the over-all length of the present furnace,'say from point 63 to 64, with very little chance for transverse binding,due to the producer gas generators being placedv at 46, 47, between the two banks of regenerators 58 and 59 heretofore. lt'is evident that the ability to pass completely around the two banks of regenerators, enables a rigidly built furnace to be constructed, all of which prolongs the life of the individual furnace. In

many of the old type furnaces supports intermediate the length of the longitudinal binding channels had to be provided to take care of the bending moment at these points. This is readily evident when the great heat of the regenerator chambers, and the overall length between points 63 and 64 are considered, and the binding channels have to extend continuously between said points.

lVith reference to the improved tempera ture and ventilation conditions in the casting hall basement which immediately surrounds the air and gas regenerators, it is seen that the arched passage 52 permits goed circulation of air, completely around the two banks of regenerators 58 and 59, and the cooling effect of the air circulating completely around saine, produces very desirable and comfortable temperature and ventilation in thisl basemest, for the workmen operating the furnace. This is a novel and advantageous feature obtained by my invention,- due to the convenient and spacious placement of the furnace regenerators, and to the removal of the producer gas generators to a distant point from the furnace, and from theirposition between said re-l generators, as has been the practice in the glass-making industry hitherto. Y

lt is seen in the drawings that ventilation and cooling chambers and flues for coolingA the furnace hearth 14, are provided in Fig ures 6 and 8. The chamber or flue 70 extends beneath the furnace hearth 14, and as seen in Figure 3 the circulating and cooling air passesv up in the openings 71 to the bottom sideof ythe clay lbottom 83 of Vsaid hearth 14.l Air gains Aadmission to chamber lthrough the openings 7 2 72 inthe roof 73 of the arched passage 52,. As seen in Figures "3 and '6, the passage or chamber 70 connects with vertical flues 74, 75 on each end of the furnace 1, and thuscooling air is drawn in at` the openings 7 2, 72, and dis-charged through iues 74, and 75, and the movement ofthe air in chamber 70 cools the furnace hearth asis at once understood. The Figure lof the drawings shows a stone damper 76 in the stack flue 24, which replaces the metal damper commonly used for this purpose, and it is evident a great deal of advantage is obtained by thev use of same, as a stone damper does not warp by exposure to heat, and as a result operates smoothly in .its grooves 77, 77, a thingnot possible when metal dainpers which jam is their runway grooves,ldue to such warping, are used.

attention is directed to the location of 'the gas and air valves2, 26, and 41, and the relative distances between these parts, and their relationin position with respect to the sides of the furnace, as it is evident theyare placed comparatively far apart for the pur- 'pose of obtaining greater ease in cleaning them, and in operating the furnace.

lt will be noted .the rider-arches of brick 30, shown in Figures 4 and 8 of the drawings,

which support the usual checker-work brick (not shown) and are mounted over the passages 8, etc., beneath each of the gas and air regenerators, are much stronger than the usual plain tile, commonly used for this purpose, and thus the checker-work brick in each of these chambers remain in position longer, and thereby the life of the furnace before rebuilding is greatly extended.

I claim:

1. In a. glass furnace, a unitary structure comprising a pair of banks of regeneratois positioned with their ends adjacent to each other, forming an arched passageway having a roof between them, a heat-ing furnacehaving a hearth, superimposed on the two banks of regenerators, the size of which is formed co-eitensive with the area covered by the i'egenerators, and the arched passageway between same; and means for cooling the furnace hearth comprising a series of longitudinal ventilation flues positioned beneath and in close proximity to the said hearth, each flue having a port which opens into the roof of the arched passage.

2. In a glass fur-nace, a pair of banks of air and gas regenerators, the ends of which are in proximity to each other, a transversely sloped hearth in the furnace, the surface of which is inclined downwardly towards the walls of the furnace, on each side of its median line, an arched roof joining the ends of the two banks of regenerators, and forming a draft passage therebetween, said roof being provided with a number of ports therein, a plurality of longitudinal Ventilating' flues beieath the furnace hearth, each of which is in :ommunication with one of the arched roof ports, for cooling the furnace hearth, and a I plurality of cupped and transversely inclined neath the hearth of the cleaning stones formed in, and along both side edges of the furnace hearth, each of which is provided with a focal point of dbris discharge near the side walls of the furnace. 3. In a glass furnace, a pairof banks of air and gas regenerators the ends of which are in proximity to each other, an arched roof joiningl the ends'of the two banks of regenerators, and forming a draft passage therebetween, a plurality of longitudinally disposed ventilating flues beneath the furnace hearth, each of which is in communication with a port in the arched roof, for creating a cooling draft befurnace. 4. In a glass furnace hearth, a transverse l hearth-bed surface on each side of the median line of said hearth, each surface being in` clined downwardly towards the sides of same, a plurality of longitudinal cooling and ventilating flues beneath the hearth-bed, in close proximity therewith, each of said iiues having a port in direct communication with outside atmospheric air, and means for providing a draft near the said flue ports for the purpose of frequent renewal of the cooling air within said Ventilating flues. 5. `In a glass furnace hearth, a transverse hearth-bed surface on each side of the median line of said hearth, each surface being inclined downwardly towards the sides of same; a series of cupped cleaning stones in each hearth-bed surface, in inclined surface alignment with said bed surfaces, and each cleaning stone having a focal point of dbris discharge near the side edges of the hearth; and a plurality of longitudinal cooling and ventilating flues beneath, and in proximity with the hearth-bed, each flue having a port in direct communication with atmospheric air, and means for providing a draft near the flue ports for the purpose of frequent renewal of the cooling air within the Ventilating' ues.

In testimony whereof I aiiix my signature.

JOSEPH HAULIK.

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