US1877483A - Electrical microphone - Google Patents
Electrical microphone Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1877483A US1877483A US490904A US49090430A US1877483A US 1877483 A US1877483 A US 1877483A US 490904 A US490904 A US 490904A US 49090430 A US49090430 A US 49090430A US 1877483 A US1877483 A US 1877483A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- electrodes
- contact
- microphone
- vanadium pentoxide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N divanadium pentaoxide Chemical compound O=[V](=O)O[V](=O)=O GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 8
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000003114 Salix fragilis Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- BERDEBHAJNAUOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(I) oxide Inorganic materials [Cu]O[Cu] BERDEBHAJNAUOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRFJLUBVMFXRPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cuprous oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Cu+].[Cu+] KRFJLUBVMFXRPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940112669 cuprous oxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R21/00—Variable-resistance transducers
- H04R21/02—Microphones
Definitions
- This invention relates to an electric microphone, and more particularly it relates to a microphone functioning through contact re sistance variations with pressure changes 5 upon an electrode surface composed of vanadium pentoxide in contact, with another electrode. 7
- the object of the invention is the provision of a device of this type which is stable, operates with sensitivity and is low in costof construction.
- fused vanadium pentoxide has pressure electrical resistance characteristics similar to those'of cuprous oxide; it sensitively varies with pressure applied to its surface.
- This material can be used advantageously in an electric circuit to modulate a current in accordance with sound waves impressed upon a contacting electrode; also to produce audio frequency oscillations in a circuit inductively related to a microphone using an electrode base coated with this compound and connected in a direct current circuit.
- varying the pressure between the vanadium pentoxide electrode'and its contacting electrode there is a change in the intermolecular contact atthe junction between the electrodes; this causes a change in contact'resistance of the oxide material.
- the fused oxide layer must be formed integrally with thebase ma terial.
- the method of preparing the vanadium pentoxide is described in my co-pending application filed contemporaneously herewith, describing a resistance device.
- a stationary nickel plate, 2 hasalayer of fused vanadium pentoxide 3, as the other electrode, the vanadium pentoxide beingin 'contim ous surface I contaet'wit-h the steelelectrod'eli
- These elements are'enclosedf in and s'u pported by in-- sulating members 5' and 6,',the-nickel plate l 2, with its layer offvanadium" pentoxide, being mounted on screw 4, supported in insulation member 6.
- Ametal case 9 is used for enclosing the several elements, the mouthpiece is at 10, and the terminals of the two electrodes are respectively at 7 and 8.
- the resistance material must be-employed .as" a thin body, its brittleness, therefore, making its use asv shown, the initial, resistance is the sum of the contact and internal resistances; but as v pressure is applied to the contact area, the
- a device for-translating sound waves into oscillations of like frequency in an electrical circuit which comprises .a vibratory electrode in surface contact with a vanadium pentoxide cooperating electrode, means for directing sound waves upon the first 'mentioned electrode, means for supporting the electrodes, means for protecting said elec trodes from 'extraneous sound waves, and means for oscillating the vibratory electrode by impressing thereon audio frequency oscillations from an electro-magnet.
- a device for translating sound Waves into electricaloscillations of like frequencies which comprises a vibratory electrode in surface contact with a cooperating vanadium pentoxide electrode, and means for supportr 10 Contact with vanadium pen-to-Xide; as a coing the electrodes, means for shielding said electrodes from extraneous sound waves and meansfor oscillating the vibratory electrode by impressing thereon audio frequency oscillations from an electro-magnet.
- a device for translating audio frequencyoscil lationsr into oscillations of like frequencies in an electrical circuit which R comprises a vibratory electrode in surface operating el'e'ctrode, means for-damping the vibrations of the vibratory diaphragm, com; prising rubber rings about the periphery of" said diaphragm, means fordirecting audio 15 frequency oscillations upon one of said electrodes, means for supporting the electrodes; and meansfor protecting said electrodes: from extraneous audio frequency Oscillations;
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Electrostatic, Electromagnetic, Magneto- Strictive, And Variable-Resistance Transducers (AREA)
Description
Sept. 13, 1932,
s. RUBEN ELECTRICAL MICROPHONE Filed Oct. 24. 19:50 I
INVENTOR SAMUEL RUBEN BYJHJATI'ORNEY 24% Patented Sept. 13, 1932 UNITED STATES GOMPANY, on NEW ROCHELLE, NEW YORK, A oonronarron o nEL wAE SAMUEL ntmEmor NEW ROCHELLE, NEW. vonk. AssIen-on "r .RUBENQPATENTS.
ELEcrnIcAL monome a Application am October 24, 1930. semina 490,994:
This invention relates to an electric microphone, and more particularly it relates to a microphone functioning through contact re sistance variations with pressure changes 5 upon an electrode surface composed of vanadium pentoxide in contact, with another electrode. 7
The object of the invention is the provision of a device of this type which is stable, operates with sensitivity and is low in costof construction.
Reference is made to the microphone described in my United States Letters Patent 1,748,620, upon which the present invention is an improvement. I have found that fused vanadium pentoxide has pressure electrical resistance characteristics similar to those'of cuprous oxide; it sensitively varies with pressure applied to its surface. This material can be used advantageously in an electric circuit to modulate a current in accordance with sound waves impressed upon a contacting electrode; also to produce audio frequency oscillations in a circuit inductively related to a microphone using an electrode base coated with this compound and connected in a direct current circuit. In varying the pressure between the vanadium pentoxide electrode'and its contacting electrode, there is a change in the intermolecular contact atthe junction between the electrodes; this causes a change in contact'resistance of the oxide material.
For effective operation the fused oxide layer must be formed integrally with thebase ma terial. The method of preparing the vanadium pentoxide is described in my co-pending application filed contemporaneously herewith, describing a resistance device.
For a better understanding of the inven 49 tion reference is made'to the accompanying drawing which represents one embodiment thereof in the form of a microphone having one electrode composed of a nickel base with a thin layer of vanadium pentoxide which is in contact with an opposing electrode. At 1 is a steel diaphragm constituting one electrode, 1a representing rubber blocks to damp the diaphragm vibrations. A stationary nickel plate, 2, hasalayer of fused vanadium pentoxide 3, as the other electrode, the vanadium pentoxide beingin 'contim ous surface I contaet'wit-h the steelelectrod'eli These elements are'enclosedf in and s'u pported by in-- sulating members 5' and 6,',the-nickel plate l 2, with its layer offvanadium" pentoxide, being mounted on screw 4, supported in insulation member 6. Ametal case 9, is used for enclosing the several elements, the mouthpiece is at 10, and the terminals of the two electrodes are respectively at 7 and 8.
Inthe operation of the microphone as resistance at the junction between'diaphragm 1 and vanadium pentoxidelayer 3, decreases,
permitting a corresponding increase of. cur
rent flow through'the device. The resistance material must be-employed .as" a thin body, its brittleness, therefore, making its use asv shown, the initial, resistance is the sum of the contact and internal resistances; but as v pressure is applied to the contact area, the
contact with vanadium pentoxide as a c0-- operating electrode, means for directing audio frequency oscillations upon one of said electrodes, means for supporting the electrodes, and means forv protecting said electrodes from extraneous audiofrequency oscil-' lations. 1 p r i q 2. A device for-translating sound waves into oscillations of like frequency in an electrical circuit, which comprises .a vibratory electrode in surface contact with a vanadium pentoxide cooperating electrode, means for directing sound waves upon the first 'mentioned electrode, means for supporting the electrodes, means for protecting said elec trodes from 'extraneous sound waves, and means for oscillating the vibratory electrode by impressing thereon audio frequency oscillations from an electro-magnet.
3. A device for translating sound Waves into electricaloscillations of like frequencies which comprises a vibratory electrode in surface contact with a cooperating vanadium pentoxide electrode, and means for supportr 10 Contact with vanadium pen-to-Xide; as a coing the electrodes, means for shielding said electrodes from extraneous sound waves and meansfor oscillating the vibratory electrode by impressing thereon audio frequency oscillations from an electro-magnet.
4. A device for translating audio frequencyoscil lationsr into oscillations of like frequencies in an electrical circuit, which R comprises a vibratory electrode in surface operating el'e'ctrode, means for-damping the vibrations of the vibratory diaphragm, com; prising rubber rings about the periphery of" said diaphragm, means fordirecting audio 15 frequency oscillations upon one of said electrodes, means for supporting the electrodes; and meansfor protecting said electrodes: from extraneous audio frequency Oscillations;
Signed at New York in the county of New: York and State of New York,
SAMUEL. RUBEN.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US490904A US1877483A (en) | 1930-10-24 | 1930-10-24 | Electrical microphone |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US490904A US1877483A (en) | 1930-10-24 | 1930-10-24 | Electrical microphone |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1877483A true US1877483A (en) | 1932-09-13 |
Family
ID=23949982
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US490904A Expired - Lifetime US1877483A (en) | 1930-10-24 | 1930-10-24 | Electrical microphone |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1877483A (en) |
-
1930
- 1930-10-24 US US490904A patent/US1877483A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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