US1876789A - Retort for mineral oils - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 13, 1932. J. L. TAYLOR ET AL 1,876,789

RETORT FOR MINERAL OILS Fil ed March 6. 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 T0 CONDENSER FROM SUPPLY TANK INVENTORS J. I... TAYLOR 2n- TGRNEYS Sept. 13, 1932. .1. TAYLOR ET AL 1,376,739

RE'I'ORT FOR MINERAL OILS Filed March 6, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 TO CONDENSER FROM SUPPLY TANK INVENTORS J. L. TAYLOR JOHN LEWIS TAYLOR Ann JosErrr r. TAPIE, or satire- ARBARA, CALIFORNIA 7 HEB TATE RETORT non MINERAL oILsi Application filed March 6, i929. Seria1=No.h34 4 ,707. I

Our invention relates to a retort for min? eral oils. a

It is an object of this invention to provide a retort for the distillation of mineral oils and the like, in which a film of oil is applied to a moving heated surface, in particular a revolving cylinder internally heatf ed, preferably by electrical means, and disposed within a stationary casing. The low er portion of the revolving cylinder dips into the oil under treatment and a film of oil is thus subjected to a distilling operation which is under the control of the operator.

Means are'also provided for scraping residual carbon from the revolving cylinder,

which is removed from the apparatus. The

retort is so constructed that the distilling operation may be carried on continuously.

The apparatus is intended for the topping of crude mineral oils or the distilling of the same in which the temperatures are high enough to crack the oil or the retort may be used for the distillation of topped oils and the distilling operation may be carried on at sub-atmospheric, atmospheric or superatmospheric pressure.

Our invention consists of the construction and combination of parts hereinafter described and claimed. Referring to-the draw- 1ngs:

Figure 1 is a front elevation with parts in section, of a retort embodying our invention;

Fig. 2 is a side elevation taken of the right hand end of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a vertical cross section taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1;

' Fig. 4 is a horizontal vertical cross section taken on the line 1- 1 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a side elevation taken at the left hand side of the apparatus shown'in Fig. 1.

Referring to the drawings 1 indicates a valved oil supply pipe, supplying oil from a storage tank (not shown), to a retort indi cated as a unit by the numeral 2. The retort comprises an outer stationary shell or casing 3 which may be of any preferred shape but is shown here as a cylinder, the upper part of which is provided with a vapor dome 4 from which leads an outlet vapor pipe 5 to any suitable or preferred condenser, not

shown. 6 is'a valved outlet arranged at the bottom of the casing3. A gauge 7serves-to indicate the'level of mineral oil in the casing3- A hollow shaft 8 passes through'the' cen-, ter of the ends of the casing 3 which are provided with stuffing boxes 9. TA hollow metal cylinder 1O closed, at each end is fast to thehollow shaft 8. This hollow cylinder T T 10 is provided internally adjacent the inner wall thereof with electric heating coils 11 of any suitable or preferred construction.

Current is supplied to the heating coil 11 by means of conductors 12 and 13 passing through the hollow shaft 8 and terminating in conductor rings 12 and 13" respectively, mounted on insulating plugs 14 and 15 re.- spectively. The conductor ring 12 is-in re-' volving contact with the brush 16 while the conductor ring 13 is brought into contact with the brush 17 The brushes 16 and 17 are connected to a suitable source of electric en-. ergy indicated at 18. 19 is a rheostat forcon trolling the heating element 11.

- The cylinder 10 isrotated by means of an electric motor 20 rotating a worm 21 in with agear 22 fast to the hollow shaft 8Q The motor 20 is preferably a variable speed motor so that the speed of rotation of the cylinder 10 may be underthe control of the operator. j

Means arejprovided for' scraping OE. and removing either periodically or continuously the residual carbon deposited on the outer periphery of the rotating cylinder 10. .The' same consists of a longitudinal stationaryknife blade 23, the lowerportion of which is curved and fastened to the outershell 3, so as, to provide a horizontal longitudinal. trough in which a scroll conveyor 21 is disv posed. One end of such scrollconveyor-2t projects through one'side of the casing 3.- and is provided with a gear 25 inmesh with a'worm 26' operated by a motor at 27. The other end of the scroll conveyor passes throughthe opposite side of the shell3 as at28.

Operation-Assuming that it is desired to top" mineral crude'oil, the oil'through the supply pipe-1 is "introduced into the retort tation of the cylinder 10. For the topping of the oil a low temperature, is sufiicient. The topped mineral oil remaining in the re tort 2 may now be run-ofl' either through the outlet 6 or if desired the temperature may now be raised, so as to crack the oil. Any residual carbon is scraped oil by the knife blade 23 and conveyed from the apparatus b means of the conveyor scroll 24. The disti ling process may be carried on at any pressure desired, either atmospheric, sub'-atmos.- pheric or super-atmospheric ;'the pressure bemg a function of the condenser apparatusnot shown. The speed of rotation of the revolving cylinder 10' may also be regulated as desired. It will be understood that the speed will not only be a function of the diameter of the cylinder 10 but also of the distillation process, the object being to have the film of oil on the cylinder 10 for a suflicient length of time-to carry out the particular distillation process. p

In the distillation process where destructive distillation is carried on and all the oil is distilled with the exception of the'residual carbon deposit which is scraped oil' and removed by means of the knife blade 23 and the scroll conveyor 24, theprocess may be continuous. It will be understood also that in case where the distilling process is carried on either above or below atmospheric pres-.

sure, provision must be made at the oil inlet and carbon outlet to assure the proper functioning of the retort, preventing the introduction of air into the retort or the escape of vapors therefrom respectively.

We have shown a hinge cover 29, preferably rovided with a packing which may be move over the scroll conveyor outlet 28 so as to prevent access of air to the interior of the shell. The scroll conveyor 24 may be operated intermittently or continuously, having for its operating means an independent motor 27 or the outlet 28 of the scroll conveyor 24 may communicate with an air tight container so that access of air may be prevented to the interior of the shell at all times.

Various changes may be made in the construction and arrangement of parts by those skilled in the art. without departing from our invention as claimed.

We claim:

1. A. retort for the treatmentv of mineral oils comprising a, stationary casing provided with a vapor outlet, means for supplying oil to partially fill said casing, a hollow, horizontal shaft, a cylinder spaced from said casing mounted on said shaft and adapted to have its lower portion submerged in said oil, electric resistance coils disposed adjacent the inner periphery of said cylinder, electric conduits leading from said resistance coils and passing through said hollow shaft to a source of electric energy, means for rotating said shaft, a longitudinal knife blade for scraping carbon from said cylinder, and a scroll conveyor for removing the scraped carbon from said casing. 2. A retort for the treatment of mineral oils comprising a stationary casing provided with a vapor outlet, means for supplying oil to partially fill said casing, a rotatable, horizontal cylinder within said casing and adapted to have its lower portion submerged in said oil, means for rotating said cylinder, means for heating said cylinder, and means for removing carbon formed on said cylinder from said casing without said carbon coming in contact with the oil in the lower portion of said casing.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification.

JOHN LEWIS TAYLOR. JOSEPH F. TAPIE.

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