US1876738A - Alloy - Google Patents

Description

Patented Sept. 13, 1932 UNITED STATES BUM nownm. rains,

OF WESTFIELD, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOB TO STULZ-SICKLES CQMPANY, OF NEWARK, NEW JERSEY ALLOY No Drawing. Application filed September My invention relates to a novel alloy and novel methods for producing the same, and more particularly relates to a novel siliconmanganese-nickel alloy. Manganese-nickel alloys heretofore produced have been manufactured of constituents intended to build up a resistance to impact and abrasion. This is accomplished by increasing hardness.

I have discovered that increased hardness of the manganese steel is obtained in accordance with the carbon content introduced. Thus, for example, a steel containing .80% of carbon, I have discovered, will build up in hardness to approximately 450 brinell; whereas steel containing the limit of 1.20% carbon will build up in hardness to approximately 52g Brinell.

I have further discovered that the carbon content, in turn, controls the manganese and nickel content, and particularly that 11.00 to 13.50% manganese steel is controlled largely by the definite relationship between the carbon content and the nickel content. Thus, Where the carbon runs up to .85%, the nickel should run up to the limit of 3.50%, and a .60% carbon makes it possible tokeep the manganese and nickel content to their minimum of manganese 11.00% and nickel 2.50%.

Ordinarily, the carbon content of manganese steel is approximately 10% of the man ganese content. In order to cold crimp such a steel, nickel is added in proper proportions, the nickel acting to increase the ductility and thus enabling cold fabricating of the resulting product.

However, the quantity of nickel necessary in such an alloy makes the cost thereof prohibitive. For example, a 15.00% manganese steel would have approximately 1.50% carbon and about 8.00 to 10.00% nickel, which makes the cost of production excessive.

v I have discovered that I can produce a manganese nickel alloy which will have the same properties as the above described nickel 2, 1931. Serial N0. 560,877.

alloy, but the cost of which is reduced to such an extent that it becomes commercial in competition with ordinary carbon steels, parpiiularly in such uses as screening and the In screens for sifting coke, trap rock, ores, and so forth, the screen is subjected to severe impact, abrasion and vibration, as the product is shaken during the process of sifting.

The straight carbon steel rapidly deteriorates, due to crystallization under this strain; whereas my alloy, although originally soft, actually toughens and work hardens under the impact to which it is subjected. Accordingly, its life is enormously greater than that of straight carbon steel or nickel chromium alloys which have also been used for this same purpose. However, its use for this purpose is not commercial, so long as its cost is excessive.

The cost of manganese nickel steel can be reduced, while the properties thereof are retained, by reducing the carbon content which permits a proportionate reduction in the nickel content, which, as stated, constitutes an extremely important factor in the cost of the alloy.

Similarly, steel containing .70% carbon must have 2.75% nickel and not under 13.00% manganese, in order to successfully cold crimp it for use in fabricating woven wire screens.

Specifically, my alloy comprises the following proportions:

Percent Carbon .60 to .85 Manganese 11.00 to 13.50 Nickel 2.50 to 3.50 Silicon .60 to .95

The alloy is manufactured preferably in an electric furnace. 11.00 to 14.00% manganese steelscrap, which ordinarily contains carbon from 1.20 to 1.40%, is used. Because of the high carbon content of this steel scrap,

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some low carbon ferro-manganese is added in proper proportion, in order to hold down the carbon content to the desired range.

To this is added in the furnace, nickel scrap that has been reclaimed; that is to say, nickel scrap that has been melted down and analyzed, to enable fixed proportions of the nickel to be added in the melting.

To this is added the proper percentage of ferro-silicon which varies with the type of steel being made and the use to which the finished steel is to be put. Thus, for example,

if the steel is to be used for welding, an addition of silicon acts as a flux in the welding operation and improved results are obtained when the silicon content of the steel is raised to 95% over a steel in which the silicon content runs to about maximum.

For plate products and bars that are to be cold crimped or fabricated, the ideal carbon analysis is a .75%, which gives the maximum ductility and at the same time, high tensile strength, and as a result, resistance to abrasion.

This steel is intended for welding by the oxy-acetylene and electric arc processes, for fabricatlng into woven wire screens, cloth and fabricated sheets for screening and separatin abrasives such as coke, trap rock, coal, etc. l ith this steel, with iron and diamond dies, wire down as small as .003 diameter has been drawn. This is produced into wire cloth of various dimensions and openings. This steel is also used for bars, special shapes, plates, sheets and fabricated roducts such as pedestal liners, guide liners, ins, etc.

The resultant steel is practically non-magnetic in the hot-rolled or cast condition, but in cold crimping and drawing, it sets up a slight magnetism, which can be relieved by a special heat treatment.

This steel also finds excellent application in wet drawn wire, which is subsequently coated with tin for binding of armatures, due to its non-magnetic condition, as it will not hold any ermanent magnetism. The steel is supplie'i in cold drawn wire or special soft annealed wire by a special heat treatment to a pre-determined temperature in a continuous furnace in hydrogen atmosphere. Since this product has about the same coeflicient of expansion as aluminum, it will cooperate very well when combined with aluminum in the lining of airplanes, motor cars and bus en es.

Inasmuc as the steel shrinks considerably more than ordinary carbon steels, I have found an application as a core for rolling hollow drilled steel. This is accomplished by drilling the hollow drilled steel billet end to end and inserting a hot rolled bar of this anal sis. The billet is then heated and rolled, which elongates the core, and due to the difference in shrinkage, it is possible to remove the core, which is then in the neighborhood of A" in diameter. This core may then be subsequently cut into suitable welding rod lengths for use with electric welding processes.

Although I have, in the above, given the specific percentages for an ideal analysis, these vary somewhat, in accordance with the function of the final product, as follows:

aggi Screen rods Plates Per Par Per cent Per cent cent cent Carbon .80 .80 .85 .60 Manganese 13.50 13.00Min. 13.50 11.00 Nickel 3.00 3.00 3.50 2.50 Silicon 95 95 60 What I claim as my invention is: 1. A welding rod consisting of Per cent Carbon .60 to .85 Manganese 11.00 to 13.50 Nickel 2.50 to 3.50- Silicon more than .60 Ferrous metal balance.

2. A welding rod consisting of Per cent Carbon .60 to .85 Manganese 11.00 to 13.50 Nickel 2.50 to 3.50 Silicon .60 to .95 Ferrous metal balance.

3. A welding rod consisting of Per cent Carbon .80 Manganese 13.50 Nickel 3.00 Silicon .95 Ferrous metal balance.

4. A welding rod consisting of Per cent Carbon .80 Manganese 13.00 Nickel 3.00 Silicon .70 Ferrous metal balance.

5. A welding rod consisting of Per cent Carbon .80 Manganeese 13.00 Nickel 3.50 Silicon .95 Ferrous metal balance.

6. A welding rod comprising a manganese nickel steel containing not more than of carbon and more than 60% silicon flux.

7. A welding rod comprising a manganese nickel steel containing not more than .85% of carbon and more than 60% of silicon, the percentages of said manganese and nickel being correspondingly reduced with the carbon percentage and maintaining a predetermined specific relation with the carbon to produce a hardened and tough steel alloy.

8. A manganese nickel steel welding rod in which a definite relationship is maintained between the carbon content andthe nickel content, the carbon content varying from a .60% t; .85% as the nickel varies from 2.5%

9. A manganese nickel steel welding rod in which a definite relationship is maintain between the carbon content and the nickel content, the carbon content varying from .60% to .85% as the nickel varies from 2.5% to 3.5% the alloy containing silicon in excess of .60%.

10. A manganese nickel steel welding. rod

in which a definite relationship is maintained between the carbon content and the nickel content, the carbon content varying from .60% to 35% as the nickel varies from 2.5% to 3.5% the alloy containing silicon in excess of .60% and the manganese varying from 11% to 13.5%. I

11. A ferrous metal welding rod containing nickel varying from 2.5% to 3.5% as the carbon varies from .60% to not greater than .85% and a flux comprising'silicon in excess 12. A ferrous metal welding rod containing nickel varying from 2.5% to 3.5% as the carbon varies from .60% to not greater than an .85%, a flux comprising silicon in excess of .60%" and manganese varying from 11% to 13.5% as the carbon and nickel is varied from the lower to the higher ratios.

Signed at Westfield in the county of Union and State of New Jersey this 19th day of August A. D. 1931.

' BURT HOWELL PAYNE.