US1873919A

US1873919A - Carburetor

Info

Publication number: US1873919A
Application number: US458567A
Authority: US
Inventors: Frederick O Ball; Thomas M Ball
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1930-05-31
Filing date: 1930-05-31
Publication date: 1932-08-23
Anticipated expiration: 1949-08-23

Description

Aug; 23, 1932. o, BALL ET AL 1,873,919

CARBURETOR Filed May 51. 1950 2 sheets-sheet 1 I/ I I //)'//7\ VENTOR FREDERICK a. .fX/JL AND BY THO/HA6 M. BALL.

ATTORNEY Aug. 23, 1932. F. 0. BALL ET AL CARBURETOR Filed May 31, 1.950 2 Sheets-Sheet INVENTOR FREDERICK 0. BALL.

THOMAS M- L BY BA L.

27 7 ATTORNEY I WM 1 Patented Aug. 23, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT; OFFICE FREDERICK 0. BALL AND THOMAS M. BALL, DETROIT, MICHIGAN CARIBURETOB Application filed May 81,

This invention relates to carburetor fuel feeding apparatus and particularly to 1mproved means for introducing a plck-up shot into the fuel mixture system of an internal combustion engine.

Heretofore, in carburetors of the type which have a separate circuit for feeding a temporary discharge of fuel (called a pickup shot) from a reservoir or from any other source, into the fuel mixture system of an engine thereof, it has been the practice to employ either a mechanically controlled or a vacuum controlled .pump in the pick-up system. Pumps of this kind generally commu- '15 nicate with the fuel mixture system through a passage from which the fuel is either drained by gravity or evaporated by suction between operations of the pump or WlllCh is closed by a check valve past which the suction tends to draw the fuel at high vacuum stages. With this arrangement a substantial portion of the pick-up passage is emptied after each pick-up shot is discharged and must be filled by a succeeding pick-up shot before any fuel is introduced into the fuel mixture system.

The temporary discharge of fuel provided by the pick-up shot is required immedlately after the throttle is opened from a relatively closed position The preliminary filling of the pick-up passage delays the temporary discharge causing the fuel mixture to be excessively lean immediately after the throttle is opened, at which stage of the engine operation a rich fuel mixture is particularly needed.

The main objects of the invention are to provide a pick-up system which has a fuel passage that is at all times filled with fuel substantially to the outlet thereof so as to discharge fuel into the fuel mixture system of an-engine immediately upon actuation of a pick-up pump; to provide an improved valve in the fuel passage ofa pick-up system for sealing the passage near its outlet end, after each pick-up shot is discharged into the fuel mixture system; and to provide a valve of this kind which is opened by'the pressure exerted on the fluid in the passage when the to pump is actuated and on which the vacuum 1980. Serial No. 458,567.

of the fuel mixture system has a closing effect. 7

Further objects of this invention are to provide a valve structure for the discharge end of a pick-up system whichma'y be conveniently built into the structure 'ofa carburetor and which may also be constructed as a separate unit if desired, and applied to any part of the fuel mixture system of an engine, as forexample to the manifold thereof.

An illustrative embodiment of our invention is shown in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a central vertical section of an updraft carburetor embodying our invention.

Fig. 2 is. a central vertical section of a down-draftcarbliretor having a pick-up system which embodies 'our invention.

Fig. 3 is afragmentary side elevation, part- I ly in section, including a carburetor and an o intake manifold in connection with which is illustrated a modified form of our invention.

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary vertical section of an intake manifold in connection with which, a further development of our invention is illustrated.

In the form shown in Fig. 1, the improved pick-up system is illustrated in connection with a carburetor of the up-draft t pewhich includes a body part having a fue reservoir 1, mixing chamber 2 and inlet born 3. J ournaled in apertures in the walls of the mixing chamber 2 is a shaft 4 on which a throttle valve 5 is mounted. The reservoir 1 is provided with a fuel inlet6 which has a valve seat 7 against which a valve 8 is releasably held by fuel level regulating means comprising a float 9 having an arm 10 pivotally mounted at 11 on a bracket 12 of the reservoir N cover 13. A fuel passage 14 communicates to at one end with the interior of the reservoir 1 and at its other end with a fuel nozzle 15 located in the interior of the mixing chamher and having an outlet orifice 16 slightlyabove the fuel level 17 of the reservoir.

Formed in the interior of the-reservoir 1 is a cylinder 18 having an inlet 19 communicating with the fuel passage 14. The upper end of the inlet 19 has a valve seat 20. on which a ball valve 21 is seated. Slidably mounted in and piston 22 form a pick-up pump for temporarily feeding a supply of fuel of a predeterm ned quantity to the interior of the mixing chamber substantially independent of the suction therein.

Formed in the body part of the carburetor is a passage 28 having an inlet 29 communicating with the interior of the cylinder 18 chamber 30 which is also provided in the body part of the carburetor, the fuel passage 28 being located below the fuel level 17 of the reservoir. The valve chamber 30 has an outlet 31 at its upper end in which a nozzle '32 extending into the interior' of the mixing chamber 2 is mounted. Formed at the lower end of the valve chamber 30 is a drain pasextremity of the enlarged portion 37 and the inner end of a hollow ug 40 which is threaded in the lower end 0 the valve housing.

The pick-up pump is provided with actuatin mechanism including a bell crank lever 41, xed on the throttle shaft 4 by a pin 42 and having

arms

43 and 44. The arm 43 has a cam shaped outer extremity which is located in registration with the lower side of the head 26 on the piston rod 23. A control member, such as a link 46, pivotally attached to the outer end of the arm 44 is provided for rotating the throttle '5 and bell crank 41.

In operation, when the piston 22 is moved upwardly, the interior of the cylinder 18,the passage 28 and the interior of the valve housing 30 are filled with fuel which is admitted through the inlet 19 of the cylinder and the drain passage 33 of the valve chamber 30. When the throttle valve is openedlfrom a relatively closed position by clockwise rotation of the bell crank 41, the cam shaped extremity 45 of the arm 43 is lowered, permitting the piston and piston rod 22 to be moved downwardly by the spring 27. This action of the piston 22 displaces the fuel from the interior of the cylinder 18 and forces it through the passage 28 and interior of the valve housing 30 under pressure. The ressure of the'fluid upon the shoulder 38 o the cylindrical enlar ement- 37 of the valve 36 moves the latter ownwardly against the action of the spring 39, thereby lowering the valve from its seat 35 so as to permit the fuel to be discharged from the pick-up sysburetor. at one end and with the interior of a valve In the form shown in Fig. 2, the invention is illustrated in connection with a carburetor of the down-draft type which has a fuel reservoir 47 and a mixing chamber 48 in which a throttle valve 49 is rotatably supported by a shaft 50. The reservoir 47 is provided with fuel regulating apparatus including a float 51 and coacting means, not shown, similar to the valve 8 shown in Fig. 1.

Formed in the reservoir 47 is a pump cylinder 52 in which a piston 53 is slidably mounted. Secured to the piston 53 is a piston rod 54 which is slidably mounted in an aperture of a boss 55 on the top wall of the reservoir 47. The cylinder 52 has a fuel inlet 56 communicating with the interior of the reservoir 47 and having a valve seat 57 for receiving a ball valve 58 and an outlet passage 59 which communicates with a valve chamber 60 formedin a boss 61 extending into the lower portion of the fuel reservoir.

The valve chamber 60 has an outlet 62 which is provided with a nozzle 63 that extends into the mixing chamber 48 and has an outlet orifice 64. The outlet of the valve chamber has a valve seat 65 for receiving a valve 67 which is slidably mounted in the chamber. 60. Formed on the upper end of the valve 67 is a hollow cylindrical end portion or piston 68 in which a spring 69 is mounted. The spring 69 bears at one end against the inner extremity of the cylindrical end portion 68, and at the other and against a plug 70 that has a central aperture 71 communicating with the interior of the reservoir 47 and is threaded in the boss 61. The cylinder 52 and piston 53 form a pick up pump which is operated by manipulation of the throttle through mechanism ineluding a lever 72 on the throttle shaft 50 and a lever 73 pivoted at 74 on a bracket 75 and connected to the lever 72 by a link 76. The free extremity of the lever- 73 engages the lower side of a head 77 on the piston rod 54 and holds the piston in its upper position against the action of a spring 78 when the tiqhrotgle is relatively closed as illustrated in The pick-up system of a down draft carthrough the inlet 56 thereof during the upward stroke of the piston, and forces the displaced fuel through the passage 59 and lower portion of the chamber 60; The pressure of the fuel in the chamber acts upon the enlarged 5 part 68 of the valve to raise the latter from its seat and permit the fuel to be discharged through the nozzle 63 into the mixing chamber 48. With the above construction, the fuel passage 59 and chamber 60 are at all times filled with fuel so that the pick-up shot commences to feed into the mixing chamber 2 immediately upon the initial downward movement of the piston.

- In the form shown in Fig. 3, our improved 5 valve for controlling the outlet of a pick-up system is illustrated in connection with a carburetor of the type shown in Fig. 2 and an intake manifold 79 of standard construction,

the parts of the carburetor of Fig. 3 being 39 numbered the same as the corresponding parts of the carburetor shown in Fig. 2. The valve structure includes a casing 80.having a chamber 81 therein and a nozzle art 82, extending into the intake manifold 9 and having outlet orifices 83 for discharging fuel towards the respectively opposite ends of the manifold. Formed in the chamber 81 is a valve seat 84 against which a valve 85 is re leasably held by a spring 86. The valve 85 has an enlarged portion or piston 87 which is located slightly below a fuel inlet 88 formed in the casing 80. The fuel inlet 88 communicates with the outlet 59 of the pump cylinder 52- through a conduit or pipe 89. Formed in the lower end of the valve casing 80 is a drain aperture 90 which communicates with the interior of the-reservoir 74 through a pipe 91.

With this form of our invention, the pickup system operates in the mannerdescribed above but instead of introducing the pick-up shot into the mixing chamber of the carburetor it discharges the same directly into the fuel mixture passage in the manifold of an engine. As many valve units of the type shown in Fig. 3 as desired, may be connected in parallel with the outlet 59 of the pump cylinder and installed so as to discharge fuel at various positions in the fuel mixture system of an engine. Valves of this type may be mounted on the cylinder head of an engine so as to introduce fuel directly into the cyl inders thereof.

In the form shown in Fig. 4 a diaphragm J valve is provided in place of the valve structure shown in Figs. 1, 2'and 3, for preventing the suction of the fuel mixture system from draining the pick-up system. The valve includes a casing comprising

detachable sections

92 and 93 between which'is mounted a dia hragm 94. get er by screws 95 and the upper section 93 has a nipple 96 which is threaded in an aperture 97 of an intake manifold 98 and which has outlet orifices 99-communicating with the interior of the manifold.

A conduit or pipe 100 communicates with the space between the upper section 93 of the valve and the diaphragm 94 thereof at one end and with an outlet passage of a pick-up pump, not shown, but similar in construction to the pump illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2. Treadedin the end of the lower section 92 of the valve casing is an adjusting screw 101 which engages a spring 102 that bears upon the lower central portion of the diaphragm 94 resiliently holding a valve 103, mounted on the upper side of the diaphragm, upon its seat 104. The interior of the pipe 100 and the space above the diaphragm 94 are normally filled with fuel and as the pumpof the pickup system is operated the fuel above the diaphragm 94 is placed under pressure. This action bulges the diaphragm downwardly and removes the valve 103 from its seat. The fuel then flows into the interior of the manifold through the orifices 99 from which it is carried by the velocity of the fuel mixture system into the cylinders of an engine.

In all the forms of our invention shown, the

fuel passage which leads from the pick-up pump is normally filled with fuel substantially to the discharge end of the system so that upon initial movement of the piston of the pick-up pump, fuel is immediately fed into the fuel mixture system. This construction prevents the feeding of fuel by the pick-up system from excessivel lagging the opening of the throttle valve f i'om its relatively closed position. The valve structure is designed so that the vacuum of the fuel mixture system normally has a closing effect on the valve, thus sealing the outlet end of the pick-up system and preventing the vacuum from draining fuel therefrom when the pick-up pump is inoperative.

Although but several embodiments of this invention have herein been shown and described, it will be understood that various changes including the size, shape and arrangement of parts may be made without departing from the spirit of our invention and it is our intention not to limit itsscope other than by the terms of the appended claims.

fuel mixture system of said engine, mechanism for intermittently feeding fuel through The sections are held to-' said passage under pressure, and means located at the discharge 'end of sald passage normally closing the same and operableby the pressure of the fuel there1n fo'r opening said passage, said means tending to close said assage under the action of the suction of sald fuel mixture system.

2." A pick-up system for an internalcombustion engine including means having a fuel passage therein communicatrng with the fuel mixture system of said engine, mechanism for intermittently feeding fuel through said passage under pressure, and a valve at the outlet end of said passage normally closing the same and adapted to be opened by the pressure of the fuel in passage during operation of said mechanism, said valve opening in a reverse direction to the flow of fuel throug{ said passage.

v 3. A pic -up system for an mternal combustion engine including a source of fuel, means havlng a fuel passage therein communicating with said source of fuel and with the fuel mixture system of said engine, said passage being normally filled with fuel substantially to the outlet end thereof, mechanism for intermittently feeding fuel through said passage under pressure, and a check valve in the outlet end of said passage for preventing draining of said passage by the suction in said fuel mixture system betweenv operations of said mechanis I 4. A pick-up system for an 1nternal combustion engine including means having a fuel passage therein communicatlng with the fuel mixture system of said engine, mechanism for intermittently feeding fuel through said passage under pressure, a valve seat at the outlet end of-said passage, and a valve in said passage normally tending to be held upon said seat by the suctlon of sald fuel mixture system and operable by the pressure of the fuel in said passage for opening the latter when said mechanism is operated.

5. In a carburetor including a fuel reservoir and having an air passage, a normal fuel system for feeding fuel into said air passage a pick-up system including a pump and having an auxiliary fuel passage commumcating withsaid air passage independently of sand normal fuel system and with said pump, anda check valve in the outlet end of said fuel passage, said valve being adapted to prevent discharging of fuel from said fuel passage and pump when the latter is inoperative.

6. In a carburetor having a fuel mixture passage, a fuel reservoir, a pick-up system including a pump having a fuel inlet communi- V eating with said reservoir and an outlet passage communicating with said fuel mixture passage, a check valve in said fuel inlet, and means at the discharge end of said outlet passage for sealing the latter against the vacuum in said fuel mixture passage when said pump is inoperative.

7. In a carburetor having a fuel mixture passage, a fuel reservoir, a normal fuel system forsupplyin fuel to said fuel mixture.passage, means or temporarily feeding an auxiliary charge of fuel into said auxiliary fuel mixture passage including a fuel passage, the

main portion of said fuel passage being below the fuel level of said reservoir and normally filled with fuel to the outlet end thereof, and a valve in the outlet end of said auxiliary is inoperative.

8. In a carburetor having a fuel mixture passage for closing the same when said pump passage including a throttle valve, a fuel reservoir, means for temporarily feeding a charge of fuel into said fuel mixture passage including a pump and having a fuel passage way communicating with said fuel mixture passage, the main portion of said fuel passageway being normally filled with fuel by the head of fuel in said reservoir, a. valve in the outlet end of said passageway normally preventing the draining of fuel therefrom by the suction in said fuel mixture passage when way communicating with said fuel mixture 7 passage, the main portion of said fuel passageway being normally filled with fuel by the head of fuel in said reservoir, a valve in the outlet end of said passageway normall preventing the draining of fuel therefrom by the suction in said fuel mixture passage 7 when said pump is inoperative, means on said valve for moving the same in a direction substantially opposite to the flow of fuel through said passageway to an open position by the pressure of the fuel in said passageway when said pump is actuated, and mechanism operable by variation of said throttle for actuating said pump.

10. In a carburetor having a body part including a fuel reservoir and a fuel mixture passage, a pick-up system including a pump and having a passageway in said body part communicating with said pump and located below the fuel level of said reservoir, a valve housing in said body part having an inlet communicating with said passageway and an outlet communicating with said fuel mixture passage, a valve in said housing for normally closing said outlet and adapted to open in a direction opposite to the direction of suction in said fuel mixture'passage, and a piston on said valve for opening the same by the pressure to which the fuel in said housing is subjected when said pump is actuated.

11. In a carburetor having a fuel mixture passage including a throttle valve, a main fuel system for supplying fuel to said fuel mixture passage, a fuel reservoir, means for temporarily feeding a charge of fuel into said fuel mixture passage including a pump and an auxiliary passageway having an outlet communicating with said fuel mixture passage at an elevation above that of the fuel 10 level in said reservoir, the main portion of said auxiliary passage being normally filled with fuel by the head of fuel in said reservoir, and a check valve in the outlet end portion of said auxiliary passageway located substan- 15 tially at the elevation of the fuel level in said reservoir for sealing said auxiliary passageway against the vacuum in said fuel mixture passage DERICK 0. BALL. 20 THOMAS M. BALL.