US1873673A - Multicolor screen film - Google Patents

Description

ug 23, i932. y J. E. THCRNTON 39873,@73

LULTICOLOR SCREEN` FILMy I Filed Feb. 16, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet l Aug, 23', i932. J. E. THQRNTQN MULTICOLOR scnEEN NLM Filed Feb. 16.. 1927 um @n f Patented Aug. 23, 1932 UNITED STATES' PATENu OFI-'ics- J'OHNZED'WABD THORNTON, OF WEST HAHPSTEAD, LONJON, ENGLAND, ASSIGNORVT JOHN OWDEN' OBRIEN, 0F MANCHESTER, ENGLAND MULTICOLOB SCREW FILE Application le. February 16, 1927,

This invention relates to the manufacture of multi-color screens and film-supports for the production of negatives or positives of the multi-color screen-type, and is applicable to thin iexible films for roll-film, cameracartridges and film-packs, also for thick stiff flat lms, rigid glass plates, and for continuous kinematograph film.

The object of the invention' is to form the color screen in h purely photographic and dye processes, obviatirig the need for any printing and subsequent washing away ofv fatty-resists or other equivalent methods generall used in screen making, and then to com ine such half-screens by crossing the lines of one upon the other to produce the required mosaic pattern, andv in forming such half-screens upon opposite sides of a central transparent support or upon two thin supports that are eventually cemented together to make up such support;

lt has already been proposed in the production of two color screens lto print resist lines in printing ink, fatty or resinoussubstances, Adye the Celluloid spaces, between, remove the resist, and dye the clear spaces left.

- Many modiications of this syst-em have been proposed, and in practically all these methods theseveral colors 'have been applied to one side of the support, and it has been necessary to accurately register one color with the other to reduce a suitable mosaic. The. necessity or such accurate registration has made all `these methods of little or no value for, manufacture upon a large scale.

The fact that the present system dispenses with registration entirely obviates objection; and the vfact that the screen is made in two parts as two-half screens still further simplifies the manufacturing'processes; and the use of purely photographic printing methods reduces suchmanufacture to processes of great precision, simplicity, regularity of results, and enables the product to be turned out entirely by automatic machinery.

The invention consists of a single and complete multi-color screen l' and support com` prislng four or three colors manuactured f two parts or two halt-screens this great Serial No. 188,765, and iu Great Britain March 16, 1926.

,without need for any registration by crossing two half screens which are respectively formed upon opposite sides of a transparent support or upon two transparent supports, one half screen being produced with two colors by alternating' llnes of insoluble colored and non-insoluble colored colloid and the other half screen being produced withtwo different colors by alternating lines of .insoluble colored and non-insoluble colored colloid or with lines of one color alternating with transparent non-colored lines, the colors be,- ing eventually mordanted and xiixed, the correct colorings being obtained by crossing the colors on the two half-screens.

The invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings Figs. 1 and 2 show two arrangements of tour-color 'screens built up from two halfscreens.

Figs. 3 and 4 show two arrangements of three-color screens built up from two halfscreens. Y

Fig. 5 shows another arrangement of fourcolor screen built up from two half screens in which the lines run diagonally on'each screen.

Fig. 6 is another arrangement of four-color screen built up from two half screens in y which the lines on one screen are diagonal and on the other screen are longitudinal or transverse.

Fig. 7 is a perspective-view of a `strip of kinematograph film-support formed in accordance with the invention.

Fig. 8 isa section of same.

Fig. 9 is a section of a camera ilm with a non-curling gelatine layer on the back' thereof. l

Fig. 10 is a section of a relatively thick support of non-flexible or non-rollable type such as glass plates or very thick Celluloid.

Fig. 11 is a perspective view of a strip of kinematograph film support formed in ac- 'y cordance with the invention in -which the two films are united back to back and y Fig. 12 is a perspectiveview of a strip of kinematograph film support formed in accordance with the invention in which the two half screens are united back to face.

- to two thinJ` films which are ultimately ce- May 22,v

-c'lucing when the two half screens are mented together to form a single support as inspecification of Patent No. 1,670,671 dated 1928 one face of each thin film is printed by exposure through a line-screen, until the portions of collold exposed through the clear spaces are rendered insoluble and4 non-absorbent; the portions protected by the o aque lines of the screen remain soluble and a sorbent.

The four-color screen shownin Fig. l is built up from the two half-screens, one of which contains the complementary pair of colors red and blue-green, and the other con- .tains the complementary pair of colors, yellow and violet, the colors in each pair being exactly complementary to each other; prosuperlmposed and cemented together, in a crossed position, a support and screen comprising the following colors :--orange, blue-violet, green and red-violet.

The-four-color screen shown in Fig. 2 is built up from two half-screens, one of contains the complementary pair of colors,

red and green, crossed by the complementary pair of colors, blue and yellow in the other half-screens producing a finished support and screen comprising the following. colors Violet, orange, yellow-green and bluegreen.

One arrangement4 of a three-color screen, built up from the half-screens is shown in Fig. 3, one half-screen contains red and yellowclose together, and crossed by the other containing t e single color blue separated by uncolored spaces; producing when the two half-screens are su erimposed and cemented together with the lue crossing the red and 5 yellow a support'and screen comprising the following colors :-'Red, green.

yellow, violet and A similar arrangement. of a three-color screen built up from two half-screens is shown in Fig. 4, one half-screen contains red and yellow-green, crossed'by the other containing the single color blue separated by uncolored spaces; producing a finished support and screen comprising the following colors Red, yellow-green, violet and' blue-green.

AIn the three-color groups Figs. 3 and 4 the pair of colors are not exactly complementary, as is the case in thefour-color groups.

screen is built up from two two-color half screens, one half screen containing the colors red and blue` and the other the colors yellow screen is built Aup'rfrom two two-'color half screens, one half screen containing the colors red and blue and the other the colors yellow and violet as in Fig. 1, but the lines of color In the arrangement shown in Fig. 5 the of one screen are arran ed diagonally and on the other either vertica y or transversely.

Figs. 7 and 8 show a kinematograph film produced according to the invention, being built up of two thin celluloid layers forming the support each bearing a half-screen layer, the two thin films, which are each half-supports, being cemented together withI the screens inside. There is thus formed a single support of the exible-film type, upon one s side of which is then coated first an adhesive substratum and then a sensitive layer of panchromatic elatino-silver-bromide emulsion.

There is t us produced a flexible or rollable lm of any size or width such as employed for roll-,film cameras, for ilm-packs, or for kinematograph film-ribbons.

Fig.' 9 vshows a similar film one face of which is coated with an adhesive substratum and' then a sensitive layer of panchromatic gelatino-silver-bromide emulsion, and the other face with a layer of gelatine on Ithe back of the same thickness as the layer of emulsion on the other face, thus forming a non-curlin .film suitable fory roll-film cameras and camera film. y

In Fig. 10 the invention is illustrated as applied to thicker supports'of the non-fiexible or non-rollable description, such as glass plates or very thick stiff celluloid films. One half the screen is formed upon such thick support, the other half being formed upon an extremely thin lsupport of celluloid y(as in Figs. 7 and 8) which Vis cemented to the stiff half of the support, with the screens inward. The face of the celluloid is next coated with an adhesive substratum and finally with agpanchromatic emulsion as described with re .erence to Figs. 7 and 8.

Instead of thetwo half screens being united together face to face as shown in Figs. 7 and 8 theyr may be united back to back as shown in ig. 11 or back to face as shown in Fig. 12.

The approximate thickness of the various layers of the lm illustrated in Figs. 7 to l2 are as'follows For the films- Each celluloid layer n10-0- inch thick.

Each screen layer inch thick.

Each cement layer ,U-0- inch thick, these three layers duplicated forming a complete flexible support.

One substratum layeil m inch thick.

One emulsion layer/T01mr inch thick these latter being applied to one of the outer faces of the flexible support. i

Where a non-curling film is other face is lprovided with A substratum layer w30-0- inch thick. y.A gelatine layer n10-G inch thick.

For thick rigid films the celluloid is inch thick and for glass plates the glass is about if inch thick, the other layers remaining the same.

required the m packs for such as a nonroll All the above figures are approximate and may/:be varied as required.

In all cases the colloid comprises a very thin layer of gelatine, sh-glue, albumen, or the like or a mixture thereof. The sensitizer preferably is a solution of a bichromate salt. The colorin l matter is a suitable dye comprising one co or of the complete set of colors. T he dye and sensitizer may be mixed with the colloid before it is applied to the support by the usual coating apparatus. Or one only may be incorporated with the colloid, the other being applied after the coating has been dried by passing the coated support through a bath until sufficient of -either the dye or sensitizeras the case'may be has been absorbed.

After the colloid layer has been exposed and printed as aforesaid it is well washed to remove all dye and sensitizer from the parts that were covered by the opaque lines of the screen, and which still remain soluble, so that there is no difficulty in removing the sensitizer and color. The other lines corresponding to the transparent lines of the screen have become insoluble and the dye is therefore locked up therein, the result being a colloid layer comprising insoluble colored lines with absorbent uncolored spaces between.

The layer is then dried in order to thoroughly harden the insoluble lines, afterl which the intermediate absorbent lines of colloid are dyed with another color. This exactly fills the spaces between the insoluble colored lines, the final result after slight rinsing in water and subsequent drying e ing to produce a line-screen of two colors. The second colored lines are finally mordanted or rendered insoluble to prevent the color washing out. l

In the case of a color screen-support containing three colors as shown in Figs. 3 and 4 the second thin film is printed by similar methods but with the difference that only one set of lines are printed and colored, the intermediate spaces being leftuncolored.

In the case of a color screen-support containing four colors as shown in Figs.4 1 and 2 two colors areformed on the second thin-filml by dyeing the intermediate lines as frstde.- scribed'.

Instead of sensitizing the screen-layers with a bichromate salt, iron'or other suitable.

salts may be used. Or silver sensitizing may be substituted, in which case the exposed layer requires developing and afterwards treating with an oxidizing bath that will render the colloid insoluble in direct ratio to the deposit of metallic silver. This brings the colloid to practically the same insoluble and soluble conditions as in the hereinbefore described' bichromate method. The final step is to dissolve the silver by any suitable v known bath in order to leavel transparent (instead of opaque) colored lines and then to thoroughly wash the film.

What I claim as my invention and desire to protect as my invention is 1`. A multl-color screen and support comprising a transparent support a plurality of lines in insoluble colored colloid printed upon one side of said support, a plurality of differently colored dyed lines alternating with `the printed lines on said support, a second transparent support, a plurality of lines in insoluble colored colloid printed upon one ti-color screen upon two transparent supy ports which consists in coating each support with differently colored colloid photographically printing a plurality of insoluble lines upon the colloid washing away the unprinted soluble colloid, dyeing the spaces between the printed lines in different colors differing from the printed lines and assembling the two half screens with the lines on one crossing the lines on the other. f

3. A multi-color .screen and lsupport formed from two photographically producedv multicolor pattern half-screens crossed to avoid registration, an adhesive substratum coated upon one side of the support and. a layer of sensitive panchromatic elatino-silver-halid emulsion superimpose upon the substratum.

4. A multi-color screen and support formed from two photographically produced multi-color pattern half-screens crossed to avoid registration, an adhesive substratum coated upon one side ofthe support, a layer of sensitive panchromatic gelatine-silverhalid emulsion superimposed upon the substratum, a secondadhesive substratum coated upon the other side of the support and a layer of non-sensitive plain gelatine upon the second substratum.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

JOHN EDWARD THORNTON.

Images