US1870931A - Oil burner and draft control mechanism - Google Patents

Description

g- 1932 E. l. STAPLES 1,870,931

OIL BURNER AND DRART CONTROL MECHANISM Filed April 16, 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 :5 9 vi, E

INVENTOR.

NEY

Aug. 9, 1932. E. l. STAPLES OIL BURNER AND DRAFT CONTROL MECHANISM Filed April 16, 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. FAQLE Z Smass g- 1932- E. I. STAPLES 1,870,931

OIL BURNER AND DRAFT CONTROL MECHANISM Filed April 16, 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet s cmsz7\ HALF \ ,7 efifla .a 7I 6 (d (6 65 E DOWN T Ops x V e; a

Q INVENTOR.

Emu, I. STnPLES Patented Aug. 9, i932- nervrn' I. STAPLES, or sen rn-anorsoo, oALIFonuIA OIL BURNER AND OONERGL MECHANISM Application filed April 16,

pendent-upon ane fuel supplied and the'draft regulation. The boiler pressure can therefore be automatically regulated by making the fuel supply and draft control mechanismrcsponsive in some manner or other to variations in the boiler pressure. A great many systems of this general nature are now in common use, most of which are directly responsive' to boiler pressure variations. How ever, it has come-to my QttGHtlOIlfllfittllQ valves andother mechanism used in-controlling the fuel supply and draft regulators are not as sensitive to a small range of variations] in high pressure (such as of necessity exist within the boiler) as they are to a wide reduced range of variations in comparatively low pressures. It is therefore desirable that H regulating mechanisms. It is also desirable in connection with systems of thisnature, to utilize a very sensitive draft control'mechanism. p In general it is the object of this invention to provide a fuel and draft regulating system responsive to a wide range of variations ranging from a low of5 pounds to .ahigh of 75'pounds in a reduced pressure steam line.

More specificallythe object of the invention is the combination with an oil burner; of a fuel regulator, a draft regulator, a fluid pressure line for operatingsaid fuel and draft regulators, and means for varying the reduced steam atomizing pressure in said atomizingthe oil fuel. 7

'2,atoiniz-ed by.

furnished by the valve 1.

1929. Serial no. 355,489.

fluid pressure line inversely with respect'to the boiler pressure. y Another-object of this invention is thepro g vision of sensitive fluid operated draft control mechanism.

The invention possesses other advantageous features, some of whichwith the forc going, will beset forth at length in the following description where I shall outline in full that form of my invention which Ihave 1 selected for illustration in the drawings accompanying and forming part of thepresent specification. In said drawings, 1 have shown one form of my invention, but it is to be understood that I do not'limit myself to such form, since the invention as set forth in the claims, may be embodied in aplurality of forms. 7 ,7 v

Referring to the drawings:

, Fig.1 is a. diagrammatic representation of a fuel oil burner embodying the objectsof my invention. I Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the disclosure madeinFigl. r

Fig. 3 is a vertical section of the Valve used for reducing the boiler pressure and for r Fig. 4 is avertical section of the valve controlled hy-the reduced atomizing steam pressure and used for regulating the fuel s-up-' ply to the burner. V a r C Y Fig. 5 is a vertical section of the draft co ntrol mechanism.

n Fig. 6 is a horizontal-mid-section' of the draft control mechanism taken on the plane indicated bythe line 66 of Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is a sectional plan view "showing the lever and link connection between the pilot valve'andthe piston rod of thedraft regulae tor, the section being taken on the -line-' 7.7 ofF-ig.5. V g. V

The invention consists generally of asteam pressure reducing valve 1, a fuel oil regulat ing valve 2, responsive to the reduced pres- .sureside of the valve 1, and a draftcontrol mechanism 3 also responsive to the reduced steam pressure side of the valve 1. Fuel burners 4 are supplied with fuel by the valve team under reduced pressure The steam pressure reducing valve 1 consists of two intercommunicating chambers 5 and 6, between which is operatively-engaged a rod 7. The upper end of the rod 7 carries valves 8 and 9, while its lower end is clamped in any suitable manner to a diaphragm 11. The valves 8 and 9 are urged in their upward or open position by means of a spring 12-acting through a longitudinally slidable rod 13, As clearly shown in Fig. 3,.the tension of the spring 12 is adjustable at will by means of 'a screw 14.

Inlet and outlet ports 15and16 respective" ly, permit the steam from the boiler to pass through the. chamber 5 when the valves 8 and 9 ar'e'open, and due to the pressure exerted by the steam on the diaphragm 11, the valves Band 9 are correspondingly partially closed,

thereby controlling the pressure of the steam passing through the outlet port 16. I Since the detailsof construction of this valve per se, form no part of my invention, it is thought that a further description of its details of construction and operation is unnecessary.

The operatlon and constructionof the fuel oil valve 2 is very similar to the construction and operation of the steam pressure reducing valve 1. As shown in Fig. 4, this valve consists, like the valve 1, of two intercommunieating chambers 21 and22, within which is operatively engaged rod 23. Secured to the lower end of the rod 23 is a valve-member 24 which is urged in its upward'or closed 23'indirectly engages'a diaphragm 27 which position by the action of a spring 25 it. screw 26 serves to adjust the tension of-tlns spring as desired. The upperend of the rod is urged downward to various extents, de

pendent on the reduced steam pressure enter tail.

The draft control mechanism consists of a cylinder 41 which operatively engages a double acting piston 42 provided with a n upwardly extending piston rod 43. Ports 44 and 45 establish communication between 'a Y chamber 46, having upper and lower'interconnected sections, and the upper and lower ends of the cylinder'41. Slidably disposed within the central portion of the chamber 46 is a rod 47' to which is'secu'red in spaced rela tion, valve members 48 and 49.; As shown in Fig.5, the valve members 48 and 49 are adapted, in their neutralpositiomto close the entrances-of the ports 44 and 45.7 In the upper position of the rod 47 communication b'etween the chamber 46 and the'port 45' is cs tablished. In the'lowerpositionofthe rod 47 the reverse condition obtains, that is, c0nimunication is established between the chamber 46 and the port 44, while communication between the port 45 and the chamber 46 is cut ofi'. An intake conduit 51 is connected with the chamber 46 while an outlet conduit 52 connects with the central portion of'thetubular housing 53, within which the valve'members 48and 49 operate. The'valves 48 and 49 define, together with the tubular housing 53, a space by which communication may be established between the outlet-conduit 52 and either of the ports 44 or 45 depending on whether the rod 47 isin its upper or lower position. '6

The piston rod 43 extends upwardly through suitable packing and glands provided in the upper end of the cylinder 41, and similarly, the rod '4'? extends upwardly through suitable packing and glands in the upper end of the chamber 46.

Depending from the lower end of the cylindcr 41 is a chamber 54, the upper face of which is formed by a diaphragm 55, while in the lower face thereof, is" a port 56 for the admittance of steam under reducedor regulated pressure. Pivotally mounted in a bracket 57 depending from the cylinder 41, is an arm 58, to the outerendof which is pivotally connected a link '59. Engaging the lower surface of thearm 58 intermediate its ends, is a fulcrum 61 which is actuated by the I diaphragm 54. Acting downwardly against the upper face of the arm 58 inter mediate its outer end and the fulcrum 61, is a spring 62, the tension of vwhich mayqbeadjusted as'desired, by-a screw 63. Extending upwardlyandto the right from the upperend of the cylinder 41 is a bifurcated bracket 65, in the upper end of each branch of said bracket'65 is journaled a stub shaft 65. The inner ends of the shafts 65arc spaced from each other to slidably accommodate a lever 66.therebetween. 'Thelev'er 66 is pivoted. on an eccentric pin 66 between the adjacent ends of the shafts 65. The outer end of the lever 66' is in turn pivotally connected to'the link 59 while its inner endis pivotally secured to the upper end of therod 47. A bifurcated link 67 has its branches connected to the shafts 65 on the. opposite sides of the lever 66, and it is secured on said shafts 65 by means of set screws 67. The other endof the link 67 is pivoted to a link 68, which in turn is pivotally connected to a socket 69 mounted on the upper end of the piston rod 43. Thus the lever 66 may be moved'around its fulcrum pin 66 independently of the link 67, and is also moved with the piston rod 43 by reason of the rotation of the shafts 65 as the link 67 is swung by'the movement of the piston rod 43. The rotation of theshafts 65 causes the eccentr-ic'pin 66 to'rnove eccen trically and swingthe lever 66 for a compensating pilotg-val-ve adjustment; "In order to 'nsvon'sr v indicate the relative positions of the dampers and air registers, the piston rod 43 is 'provid 'edwith a pointer 7l'which is adapted to travel along a calibrated scale 72, secured at its foot to the upper end of the cylinder 41.

The operation of this mechanism is as follows: Steam under reduced boiler pressure carried by the line 73, enters the chamber 54 forcing the diaphragm 55 upwardlyagainst the fulcrum 61. Due to the upward motion of the fulcrum 61, the outer end of the arm 58 is moved upwardly against the actionof the spring 62 thereby forcing the link 59 up wardly and the rod 47 downwardly. The valve member 49 mounted on the rod 47, in moving downwardly establishes communication between the chamber 46 and the upper end of the cylinder 41, while the valve member 48 cuts off communication between the lower end of the cylinder41 and the chamber 46, as above described. With the valve members 48 and 49 in this position, any suitable working medium, as for example fuel oil, is permitted-to enter the chamber 46 through the inlet conduit 51 and to pass' through the port 44 into the upper end of the cylinder 41 thereby driv ng the piston 42 downwardly. In the meantime, the working mediun'i enclosed in the lower end of the cylinder 41 is forced therefrom through the conduit 45 into the space between the two valve members 48 and 49 and out through the conduit 52. l-Vhen the diaphragm 55- is in its collapsed position, the valve members 48 and 49 are each carried above the outlets of the ports 44 and 45 respectively, thereby establishing com-;

munication between the chamber 46 and the lower end of the cylinder 41, and closing communication between the upper end of the cylinder and the chamber 46. With the valve members 48 and 49 in this position, the circuit of the fluid working medium is just reversed from that above described. The working medium enters the chamber 46 and passes into the lower end thereof through the port 45 and into the lower end of the cylinder 41, thereby forcing the piston 42 upwardly. The working medium contained in theupper end of the cylinder 41 is forced through the port 44 into the space contained between the valve members 48 and 49 and hence outwardly through the conduit 52. The motion thus given to the piston 43 is in turn imparted to the linkage or connecting means secured to the socket 69, and transfers a compensating movement to the rod 47 and to the pilot valve of the draft regulator. v

As clearly shown in Fig. 1, the pressure re ducing valve 1 is placed directly in the steam line from the boiler. Three branch lines 81, 82 and 83 establish communication between the reduced pressure side of the valve l and the intake port 28 of the fuel oil regulatingvalve 2, the port'56 of the draft control mechanism 3, and the burners 4 respectively. One of the two branch lines 84*carrying fuel under pressure,'communicates with the intake port 31 of the fuel regulating valve 2, while the remaining branch line'84 connects with the intake conduit 51 ofthe draft control mechanism 3 for operating the piston 42.

valves '86 are provided in steam and fuel lines shunted across the valves 1 and 2 respectively, for controlling the entire system by hand in the absence ofany steam pressure in the boiler. i 1

Motion from the rod 43 is transmitted by means of links 89 and bell cranks 91 to a stack damper'87 for regulating the opening there weight96 for normally holding the entire linkage in draft opening position. The bell crank lever 95 is connected by ali-nk 97 to an link 105-to the bell crank95, .which is also ac tuated in synchronism with the entire draft control mechanism. I Since both the fuel regulating valve 2'and the draft control mechanism 3 are res ponsive to a wide "range of variations in the reduced pressure from the valve 1, they can be made to operate 'su'bstantially. simultaneously. It is to be'noted that the pressure of the steam 'by'which the valve 2 and the draft control 'mechanism' 3 arecontrolled varies inversely with respect to-the boiler pressure.

The control system above described has been. found to bevery sensitive to a small range of'var-iations in the main'steam pres sure of the boiler and therefore makes" it possible to automatically maintain the boiler pressure substantially constant I at all times. In accomplishing this result the draft control 7 mechanism 3 plays an essential 'part, foras pressure increments.

constructed, it has been found to give awide, range of control and'to respond to small Iclaim: r 1. In a fuel burning-system the combination with steam boilers, of hydrocarbon burners under the boilers, a fuel line'toconduct fuel to the burners, a fuel flowregulator valve interconnected into said fuel, line, a

draft regulator, a control valve to connect the fuel line to thedraft regulator for operating said draft regulator; steam operated means to actuate the fuel fiow regulator valve, and

steam operated means to actuate said control valve, a steam line to communlcate the bo ler operatively related to the boilers, a fuel concluit to conduct fuel to said burners,a valve connected between the burners and the fuel line to regulate the flow of fuel; a reciprocating draft regulator, means to connect the draft regulator to the fuel for admitting fuel a under pressure to operate said regulator, steam actuated means to operate the first valve; a steam actuated mechanism tooper ate said draft regulator connecting means,

7 a steam line connected between theeboilers and the said steam actuated means and-mechanlsm; and means lnterconnected 1n the steam line to vary the steam pressure in the lator valve, a fluid pressure line for actuating the diaphragms of the fuel regulator valve and of the said mechanism; and means for automatically varying the pressure in the fluid pressure line inversely with respect. to the boiler pressure.

5. In combination with an oil burner for boilers, and a fuel line for said burner, a fuel regulator valve interconnected on the fuel line, a diaphragm operator for the valve to close the valve when pressure is decreased -on the diaphragm, and to open the valve when pressure is increased on the diaphragm; a

fluid pressure operated reciprocating draft diaphragm andto increase the draft when pressure is decreased on the diaphragm, a steam line to connect the boiler to said diaphragms, and means interconnected .into the steam line between the boiler and the said diasaid line inversely with respect to the boilerv pressure. 7 v

1 3. In a liquid fuel burner system the combie nationwith steam boilers, of hydrocarbon burners operatively related to theboilers, a

fuel line to conduct fuel to said burners, a

diaphragm actuated valve to regulate the flow of fuel through the line a reciprocating draft regulator, a valve to connect the regu lator to the'fuel line to selectivelyadmitfuel under pressure to operatethe regulator in opposite directions, a diaphragm, actuated mechanism to operate said draft regulator valve, a steam line connectedbetween the boilers and theudiaphragmsof said fuel valve and of said mechanism; and means interconnectedinto the steam line between the dia phragms and the boilers to vary steam pres 'sure in the said steam line inversely with

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