US1870082A - Printing compound and method of making same - Google Patents

Description

Patented Aug. 2, 1932 PAUL YOHNS, F NEVT YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO THE BUTTER-10K PUBLISHING GOM- PANY, A CORPORATION OF NEl/V YORK I PRINTING COMPOUND AND METHOD OF LEAKING SAME No Drawing. Application filed July 29,

This invention relates to printing compounds in which soluble dyes constitute the coloring principle, and it is especially designed for the printing of transfer patterns from which the printed design is to be transferred onto another surface like textile fabric, etc. by moisture or by a combination of heat and moisture; as by the method described in United States Patent No. 1,552,374, granted to me under date of September 1, 1925, in which the transfer is effected by the application of heat and moisture through the fabric from the back, the transfer sheet and the fabric being arranged in contact.

Among the principal objects which the present invention has in view are: To provide a printing compound as characterized which may be employed on high speed printing presses; to provide a medium of the charlacter mentioned which can be printed from ordinary fiat zinc cuts or stereotypes; to provide an ink of the character mentioned for producing very dark shades while using a thin layer of printing medium; to provide a compound of the character mentioned which will continue soluble and will retain its strength; to provide a medium as characterized which after printing will permit folding, creasing and handling of the sheet to SOLWhlCh it is applied without damage to the printed surface; to provide a compound of the character mentioned possessing perfect distributing and self-levelling qualities.

It is a fact,well recognized by dye chemists, that the solubility of dyes is not unlimited. If more dye is added to a given body of a liquid than such body of liquid will dissolve, the excess dye will not dissolve and may form lumps, etc. and the mixture will be unfit for printing purposes. But with most dyes, especially with the basic dyes, which are generally acknowledged to be the most brilliant, it would be impossible with the use of an ordinary solution, such as is used in tentile printing to obtain dark shades in a transferring operation when the layer of ink on the transfer sheet is to be not thicker than ordinary book print. Textile prints do not suffer from this shortcoming, because there 50 the color is printed in a heavy layer from 1926. Serial No. 125,829.

eeply engraved cylinders by the intaglio process.

To obtain a soluble dye printing compound of the desired strength, carrying out this invention in one form, I make use of certain qualities of aliquid commercially known as acetine. Acetine is usually produced by heating glycerine together with strong acetic acid, distilling off the weak acetic acid resulting, and again heating with strong acetic acid and distilling. This liquid has excellent qualities as a solvent for basic dyes and for this reason is sometimes added to regular textile printing pastes which contain a large percentage of water. Due to the very fact that t iey contain water, these pastes cannot be heated to more than 212 degrees Fahr. and therefore only a small amount of dyestuff can be dissolved therein. But when acetine alone is employed, it is possible, by heating said liquid to about 3&0 degrees Fahr. to incorporate in it a much greater amount of dyestuff, because at such temperature the basic dyes will not only dissolve but also melt in the acetine, the two forming a homogenous, smooth paste. The percentage of dyestuff in the liquid can thus be made as high as in some cases higher than 50%, while in ordinary textile printing pastes 3% is the average.

F or lighter shades and for the purpose of improving the distributing and levelling qualities of the compound, a thickener may be added. Any substance may be employed for this purpose which is soluble or meltable in the acetine. Venice turpentine is easily compounded with the acetine-dye solution by heating and stirring the two together at about 250 degrees Fahr. Gum shellac (preferably white shellac in granules or powder) may also be used for this purpose. In this case the shellac is first stirred into the cold acetine, which is then heated to about 340 degrees Fahr. when the shellac will melt. When all the shellac has melted the dyestuff is dumped in. For dark shades the mixture is kept at 3 0 degrees Fahr. to insure a melting of all the dye particles and lumps. For light shades the temperature can be decreased to 270 degrees Fahr. before the dye is added.

The dye should be stirred in with a wooden 8. A printing ink comprising acetine, Venstick. hen all the dye has been dissolved and melted, the mixture should be strained through a piece of muslin, while still hot and fluid, to eliminate all foreign particles. Tin or iron vessels should not be used for this process, copper or enamelware being best suited.

It must be understood that the proportions of the ingredients of above compound may vary greatly according to the shade desired, also according to the tinctorial strength of the particular colors, which differs greatly. In addition, some of the dyes have a much greater thickening or gelatinizing effect than others, which fact allows for a smaller proportion of gum. The nature of the surface to be printed on also must be taken into consideration. Therefore, a fixed formula, serving all purposes, cannot be set down. However, the following formula give average consistency and medium shade:

A. Dye, one-half pound; acetine, one pound; Venice turpentine, one pound.

B. Dye, one-half pound; acetine, two pounds; shellac, one pound.

For verv dark shades the followin is su gested:

C. Dye, one pound; acetine, one pound.

The above proportions are for use with concentrated pure basic dyes, such as methylene yellow, rhodamine, crystal violet, victoria blue, brilliant green crystals, nigrosine, and others.

A printing compound made in the manner substantially as above set forth will be found to possess the highest qualities as to distribution and levelling, and may be employed successfully on high speed presses of the rotary, offset or flat bed type, where the usual transfer or copying inks are unsuitable, or not well suited. V] hen dry it will constitute an elastic film which will not crack or chip off.

Vhile I have herein suggested that the invention is designed especially for the printing of patterns to be used for transfer of the color onto textiles, it will be understood that as a printing compound it may be employed or other kinds of printing, for instance as :1- copying ink; also for the printing of showcards, where its smoothness and brilliancy of color would be appreciated.

Claims:

1. A printing compound suitable for printing on thin paper comprising acetine, gum shellac and more than 14% of a basic dye which remains permanently soluble in hot water after printing and drying.

2. A transfer ink suitable for printing on thin paper consisting of acetine, gum shellac and a basic dye, such dye being capable of being transferred to textile material from sheets printed with such ink by application of heat and moisture, even a long time after drying.

ice turpentine and over 14% of a dye soluble in the acetine and Venice turpentine when hot.

4. An ink for printing transfer sheets, comprising acetine, Venice turpentine and a basic dyestuff, such composition, when printed as a design on a tissue sheet being capable of transfer to a fabric in contact therewith by combined heat and moisture.

5. A printing composition suitable for printing on thin paper, comprising acetine, Venice turpentine and a dye which remains permanently soluble in hot water after printing and drying.

6. A transfer ink suitable for printing on thin paper comprising acetine, Venice turpentine and a dye capable of being transferred from such printed sheet to textile fabric in contact therewith by heat and moisture, even a long time after drying such printed sheet.

PAUL YOHNS.