US1870062A - Flanged reenforced paper article and process of making same - Google Patents

Description

E 7 j f\ Aug. '2, I932. A. MOORE 1,870,062

FLANGED REENFQRCED PAPER ARTICLE AND PROCESS OF MAKING SAME Filed June 22; 1926' ffi-sheets-sheet l I INVEN'ILOR /Jr///7y79/7 /%.a/ s

ATTORN Aug. 2, 1 932. 1,870,062

FLANGED REENFORCED PAPER ARTICLE AND PROCESS OF MAKING SAME A. MQORE Filed June 22, 1925 3 Sheets-Sheet; 2

' 'ITORNEY Aug. 2, 1932. A, M ORE 1,870,062

FLANGED REENFORCED PAPER ARTICLE AND PROCESS OF MAKING SAME Filed June 22, 1926 3 $heets-Sheet s INVENT R 4/0777? more Patented A z, 1932 Annnieron MOQBE, ornnw Yon FLAHGED BEENB'OBCED PAPER AND PBOGIESS OF'EAKING sum Application filed June m, use. semi, m3. 117,749.

. My invention relates to flanged, merginally reenforced paper articles and the process of mehng same, one-piece paper articles.

a The one-piece flanged and reenforced'e'rticles of the present invention, made of paper or other fibrous materiel having peper like.

characteristics (ell of which are referred to for 'convenienceof ex ression as paper l),

10 are adapted for e wi e variety of uses, es,

. for example, they may themselves be made use of, with or Without a suitable cover, as

cups, plates, or'conteiners, or may be made use of as heads or ends or covers for other conte teiners' also-made preferably of paper, or

they may serve various vother purposes.

The flanged margin of the paper disk (which is usually circular, but may be of other forms) is flowed inwardly into multiple 2 folds end themultiple ports may be peeked together under it very high pressure, for example, a pressure of about three to five tons per square inch, causing the multiple parts to be peeked strongly together, and 25 to provide a very strong end liighly'coberent marginal ring of substantially permnnent gage dimension, which impart-s greet strength to the completed article,

The pecking pressure is applied in second 59 once with my invention in e plurality of directions, and in difi'erent engulerl;y related direct1onn,es,ior example,- in directions at right angles to one another. Preterebly, pecking pressure is applied on the end ot the iniolded flenged portion, which rnny be conveniently referred to es verticelly op plied, end in directions at right englee thereto, which may similarly be referred to as horizontal application or pressure separate stages, in the directions referred to, e completeinterknitting end pecking oi the folds and fibers is obtained in the merginel flanged ring, while the surfaces thereof are of high smoothness end finish, thus giving high strength together with hendsome ep pearence. I

.While the; invention is ep liceble to pre viously flanged diets, the. angingof the disk is preferably included inthe process,

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and particularly to By applicationof pressure, preferably in at least in some forms of its application, and in the present disclosure the steps include the formation of the flange on the disk or blank, as Well as the fabrication of the mom ginal infolded end peeked ring portion thereof. v

The multiple iniolding of the flanged disk involves peculiar dificulties 'beceuse of the nature of the flanged material to be handled, In drawing the flange there is e, reduction 641 in radius from that of the blank equal to the dept-hot the'flenge end, of course, we corresponding double reduction in the diametera For example, in the case of 'meking e den eu article, as e cup, three inches in diameter with e simple flange tivo'inches deep, the original blenk is about seven inches in diameter, and at the margin of the flange, stock heving en original diameter of seven inches is compressed or shortened circumferentislly'to e dienieter of three inches;

When iienging is done without permittin Y a substantial increase in thickness, esis pretereble, materiel or the flange is naturally very highly compressed and smoothly celendered, particularly at end neer the edge of the flange remote from the central or base of the flanged on}; so formed.-

A. flanged-cup so formed may hold. its shepe if used in this condition and if nothing is done to it after simple fienging. It", however, it is ettenipted'to turn the flange inwardly, as by means oi applying is spinning tool to the edge, the cohesion of the fibers, which former ly held it, in the instance referred to, to s,

three inch diameter insteed of the original seven inch diameter, is substantially releewd end is no longerefiective to holdthe fibres together, end, instead of spinning the flange inwardly in e reverse told, as may readily be done, tor exemple, with 'peper not proliminerily flanged, the result of such opere tion is merelyto term the flangededge into whet meyjperheps best be referred to as e sort of rufie. Dificulties such es referred to ere disposed of in eceordence with the present invention end the release of cohesion about the edge of the flange is av .ided by fiQWiLI'F the fienged Well'inwardly substantially sun we paper blanks of various'forms, it may be aplied with particular advantage to a circular taneously about the entire margin of the flange.

Application of flowing means in this manner also secures the additional advantage that non-rotary, reciprocating-movement devices, in the nature of a. press, maybe utilized therefor instead of rotary spinning apparatus, and a considerable simplification of operation ob tained, with resulting increase in speed and decrease in cost of production.

While the invention may be practiced upon lank with substantially V-shaped notches havin inwardly directed. apices evenly spaced about its periphery. This is for the reason that when extra deep flanges are drawn, having about the same thickness as the original thickness of the paper, there sulting highmarginal compression above referred to as being encountered in drawing the flange is likely to be so great as to result in an embri ing of the paper at and near the edge of the nange, which will result in this part of the flange being so weak and brittle as to readily break. This embrittling effect due to" unduly high compression of an unduly great amount of paper stock is avoided and substantially deeper flanges of high coherence and strength obtained by drawing a flange from a blank notched in substantially the manner described, thereby obtaining a reduction in the amount of paper stock and consequently oftheextent of its compression in the neighborhood of the margin of the flange. The invention may be carried out, however, with unnotched blanks, particularly where the depth of flange is materially less than the I maximum possible depth.

In the accompanying drawings I have illustrated a mode of performing the process of the present invention for production of illustrative forms 6f flanged and reenforced products a have illustrated such forms of produ ts, but it is to be understood that such showing is illustrative only and is not presented for limitation of the invention, which is of the scope defined in my claims.

In said drawings, Fig.1 is a part sideand part cross-sectional view of a one-piece flanged rim fabricated paper article. Fig. 2 is a plan view of a notched blank. Fig. 3 is a section on line 3-3, Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a :fragmentary section of apparatus for carrying out the process, showing the blank inserted in position to be operated upon. Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the apparatus of Fig. 4, showing the position of the parts in an intermediate stage of the drawingof the flange.

Figs. 6-9 .are further sectional views; in which Fig. 6 shows the draw-ing of the simple flange completed, Fig. 7 shows the flowing of the flange, Fig. 8 shows the application of lateral pressure to the inturned flange material, and Fig. 9 shows the completion of the reenforced marginal ring bg application of vertical pressure thereto. ig. 10 is a sectional view showing a modification in which the flange margin is flowed into substantially a curl preliminary to the principal inflowing operation. Fig. 11 is a sectional View showing how a preliminarily curled flange may be flowed into multiple folds without bottom guiding. Fig. '12 is a view similar to Fig. 11 with the flowing ring fully depressed. Fig. 13 is a view similar to Fig. 9, but with the multiple inflowed flange margin of Fig. 11. Fig. 14: shows a further modification in which the multiple part margin is formed within a straight sided flange wall, and Fig. l5 shows the product of packing the multiple part margin of the flange shown in Fig. 14 when the packing operation is completed as in Fig. 9 or Fig. 13.

The paper blank is shown as provided with the evenly spaced peripheral notches 12 having their apices directed inwardly. The inner angle at 14 need not be a sharp angle, but may be more or less blunted or squared off to some advantage in the formation and upkeep bead and corresponding interior groove 22, and with the flange 24. terminating in the infoldedipacked annular marginal ring 26 of permanent gage dimension and high strength made up of three thicknesses of material. 28, 30 and 32, firmly knitted and packed together (see Fig. 9). The reenforced flange 2-1 is shown as being formed with a smooth inner face 34, extending throughout the entire depth of flange including the reenforced marginal ring part 26, which makes it well adapted for being used as a cover or head (top or bottom) for a cylindrical container, and with the provision of such smooth continuous inner face 34 there is an outward bevel 36 pro vided at the junction of the reenforccd rim part or ring 26 with the body part or nonreenforced part 38 of the flange 24 below (this term, like the terms horizontal, vertical, etc., is used in the relative sense. as will be understood) the reenforced ring part 26. The tools illustrated in Figs. 4-9 for carrying out the process are made for production of this particular product. With changes in the form of the product as may extensivol'v be made within my invention, there will. of course, be corresponding changes in the form of tools, as shown, for example. in Figs. 10 14, but the showing herein made is suflicicnt to illustrate the principle of the invention.

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ceiving the blank. properly centered therein. The table 48. and inner cylindrical wall of die 40 meet in a rounded corner 51 to avoid breakage of the paper stock in the drav'w ing operation.

The undrawn paper stock is confined by the pressure backing plate 52 to which pressure is applied, to hold the stock flat and keep it smooth during the drawing operation. The pressure applied is not suificient to retard m'ateriallythe movement of the paper inwardly upon the table 48 during the drawing operation, but pressure plate 52 is held against'upward movement during the draw.- ing operation, as by its carrying bar 53, so. that there can be no material movement in an upward directionof the paper or parts thereof, which might prevent a smooth drawing operation being obtained. The downward movement of the backing plate 52 is terminated by coming into contact with adjustable stop means, as the screws 54, which are set according to the stock used to putthe paper under suitable tension without actually clamping it, so that it could not be moved inpaper cup between them. The under or re- 1 and the downward drawing pressure heap turn the "annular bead 62 to make the wardly during the drawing operation. Member 52 also serves as a stripping plate. This function will be referred to later.

In the drawing operation, I preferably make use of dies for holding the bottom of the ceiving die is indicated by reference numeral 56 and the male die, which enters the interior of the cup by numeral 58 The cup bottom 10a is gripped between dies 56, 58', as, for example, die 56 may operate against a brake plied to male die 58 to move the cup bottom 10a and the receiving die 56 along with it.

Where the shallow cup. 16 is the article produced, dies 56. and. 58 are of suitable conformation therefor, receiving die 56 having an annular groove 60 to produce the head 20, and die 58 having in groove 22, receiving die 56 having a marginal upwardly extending ring port'on' 64, the outer wall 66 whereof has a sliding fit within the female die 40 and the interior wall whereof comprises the substantially cylindrical or slig tly flared ortion 68 to form the flange part 38 and t e beveled part 70 to form the bevel 36. The male die 58 "s correspondingly shaped, but of sufliciently smaller dimension to receive the paper stock between it and the receiving die at the lower, part and between it and the female die 40 above the receiving die 56. The outer wall of male die 58thus comprises the lower sub- 5 the application ;.'and the bore 76 of. pressure closely aboutthe main part of its wall, which is substantl'allycylindrical and enters the female die with only the,

paper between them, is represented by numeral 72. Parts 68 and 72 are preferably rovided with paper gripping surfaces, as,

or example, very fine screw threads 74 may be cut therein.

It will be read-1y understood from the foregoing how the blank is drawn into amp with a single thickness flange wall. The blank, which has preferabl been previously impregnated with a suitable impregnation material, such as paratline wax, for example, is initially placed on table 48. with receiving die 56 under it and the male die 58 above it,

as shown in Fig. 4, and the pressure plate 52 being held down to prevent deformation of the skirt of the blank, power is applied to force male die 58 downwardly, and the flange is drawn by longitudinal movement of male die 58, the. receiving die 56 being 'forced downwardly therewith against brak-: ing resistance or other suitable'resistance so as to grip bottom 10a of the cup as a whole and to press it into the form selected. The gripping surfaces 74 assist in distributing of the force-used in the draw ing operation.

The depth of the tools is such that the upper edge 10d of the drawn cup comes well below plate 52 when the receiving die 56 reaches the limit of movement and rests on ledgeafi (Fig. 6). J; The male die 58 may now be withdrawn, plate 52 fitting 2 of male die 58 causes plate 52 to serve as a stripper plate upon upward retreating movement of'male die 58. r

The flanged cup is thus left in place as also the receiving die 56, and while the cup may be pulled upwardly-a shortdistance away from receiving die 56 upon retreat of male die 58, it nevertheless is kept in place within female die40 by the combined resser and Y stripping plate 52, and if raise is pushed back down on receiving die 56 by the insertion of the expanding male die now to be referred to. r

This expanding male die 80, Fig. 7 ,enters in contracted form within the female die 40 after male die 58 is withdrawn and within the paper cup and after'being moved downwardly until stopped by the cup bottom res't-f ing on the receiving die 56, is expanded, (as by means of relatively movable wedging surfaces, such as customarily used for the expanding of expansible male dies). When die 80 is expanded, the lower projecting parts 82 thereoii serves toclam'p part, 38 of the c p flange againstthe corresponding part 68 of repart 82 of die 80 serves as a guide to control the turning of the flange during the fold flow ing operation. An annular opening is left between the shank part 86 of die 80 and the female die for the insertion of the flowing die 90.

Said die 90 is of annular form to enter and fit in the space between the bore wall of female die 40 and the relatively reduced shank portion 86 of the male expanding die 80, as shown in Fig. 7. The lower margin of the flowing ring or die 90 is transversely concaved onsubstantially the semi-circular arc of a circle .as shown at 92 with a preferably sharp outer edge 94, where it comes against the female die 40. The thickness 0 flowing ring 90 and of the space provided for its reception is somewhat greater than the product of the paper thickness multiplied by the number of folds to be formed to permit a relatively wide flowing action to take place. Upon the depression of flowing ring 90 and the shar edge 94 getting in behind the margin of t e flange 10?), the flange 10b is caused to travel or flow inwardly as indicated in dotted arrows at the upper part of Fig. 7, and as the flowing die 90 moves downwardly, the flange 10?) is turned or of the cohesion obtainedvin flanging may flowed inwardly, along'the curved surface 92 and finally, as it turns downwardly and encounters and is guided by the concave guiding wall 84 of male expanding die 80, it is guided around upon itself and along the inner wall 36' of the beveled part 36 of the cup until the free edge 10d turns upwardly and the marginal part 100 is brought in between the fold parts 106 and 10f, and a triple relatively loose fold formed, about as shown in full lines in Fig. 7. Where the blank was initially notched, the walls of notches 12 are closed or practically closed together in the flanging operation as shown at-12a, Fig. 7,

and upon the formationof the triple fo'ld;

as described these out apart edges are tucked or folded into the interior of the interfolded marginal part of the flange. Partial release manifest itself in a spreading or thickening of the stock, as indicated by the thickening of parts 100 and 10; in Fig. 7, and the wider spacing and lightening of the hatch lines in these parts. U on the completion of' the triple fold, the owing die 90 is withdrawn and the expar ding male die 80 is contracted to clear the infolded flange and withdrawn, and these ,withdrawal movements'may take 'place simultaneously or practically so, if desired. H

The expansion plug 100, Fig.8, is then introduced in. contracted form and expanded. Said plug 100 when radially expanded has a cylindrical inner wall 102 adapted to form the smooth inner paper flange wall 34. Expansion ofplug 100 brings the parts of the triple folded flange into approximately their ultimate relation in the direction of thickness ofthe marginal flange, as shown in Fig. 8, and same are confined, exceptat the top, so that the triple folded flange upon being compressed laterally by expansion of expansible plug 100, as indicated in Fig. 8, may

expand upwardly to some extent as is also indicated in this view.

The annular packing ring 110 is now depressed to engage thetriple folded flange at the only previously unconfined part, namely, the top thereof, and by application of exceedingl high consolidatin pressure thereon,the trip e folded margin 0 the flange is packed or consolidated together into the form shown in Figs. 1 and 9, and upon being so packed or consolidated the finished product will retain substantially its fixed gage dimensions upon removal from the formingdies.

While the exterior-of the packed ring 26 is of a High degree of calendering and smoothness, it would be found, as upon dissection,

.that in the interior the fold lines have prachard wood or ivory rather than ordinary paper, and the resulting reenforced flanged disk cover, cup or the like is a permanently dimensioned product of high utility for the various uses to which it is to be put, some instances of which have been referred to above,

\Vhen the packing operation is completed as described, the packing ring 110 and plug are withdrawn, the latter being-first contracted, and the product 16 discharged by the receiving die 56 being moved. upwardly to the position of Fig. 4. ready to receive a new blank, and the operation is repeated indefinitely, and may be carried on with the utmost rapidity, since substantially only rectilinear movement of working parts is involved.

When the blank or flanged disk has been impregnated with suitable impregnating material having cementitious and lubricating qualities, such as parafline wax, for example,

which may be done with considerable advantage in facilitating the'flange flowing opera- -tion, such impregnation material even if conof the flange edge prior to folding by flowing,

' the parts will not be properly flowed into folds, but will tend to wrinkle together or pile up on one anotherwith resulting loss of strength, and it is, therefore, essential that all buckling'oif the flange edge is to be avoided.

In Figs. -141 have shown how by initially curling the margin of the flange, as

indicated at 120, 'a packed flangering may be the steps already described with respect to Figs. 1-9, but is of especial utility where the expanding male die 8011, as shown in Figs. 11 and 12 lacks the rounded guiding portion 84 already described, and is' of other formation,

as, for example, is formed with the extension part 82a projecting squarely from the shank 86a of die 80a, instead of having the filleted or rounded guiding portion 8 Shown in I 1 structures shown and the tools for their Fig. 7.. g

Fig. 10 illustrates the formation of the Preliminary ,margin curl 120 in the paper flangeby means of a curling ring or die 122 having a relativelyshort-radius farcuate curling groove 123 formed in the underface thereof. After being moved downward to a su'ficient extent to flow the free edge 10d along such radius into contact with or substantially into contact: with the body portion 126 of the flange 128, the curling die 122 may retreat, leaving the flange 128 with the marginal cur1.120., 1

By substantially replacingthe free edge oi the fian e ,128 with a short radius marginal curl are further inflowing operation is tlyfacilitated and on applying the flowmg die 130 (Fig. 11) with thelarger radius groove 132 the stock is naturally, so to speak, owed into practically as many turns as ma be desired and this without reliance on roun edgulding suriaces or the male die, such as shown at 84, Fig. 7.

When the flowing die130 is brought down 'as :Ear as it will go,- a formation such as shown in Fig. '12 can be produced with a very considerable number of folds or turns, six parts being shown in Fig, 12. V The insertion.(contracted) and expansion of expansible male die 10,0a may operate to turn the folded parts backwardly to some extent, and there may be a small reduction in the number of parts'forming the final packed ring when the maledie'IOOa has been expanded to compress the parts laterally, and

.the final high packing pressure applied by the packing die 110a. Fig, 13 shows such a reduction in number or parts from the five parts of Fig. 11 down to four parts in Fig.

, 13, in which the final paclredring 134 com" prises a firmly consolidated four-pl structure made 11 of the parts designated as 136, 138, 140 an 142, though it will be understood. that the separate plies are so y related directions to t flange.

knit together as to form a coherent-solid mass with the fibers so interknit together thatit is Very ditficult indeed to separate the plies 1 or to distinguish them one, from another.

In Figs. 1-13 I have illustrated a double drawn flange with a smaller diameter part adjacent to the cup bottom, and a larger diameter part including the margin 1002. If desired, however, the flange may be drawn with a smooth, one-diameter outer wall as ously modified, as will be understood. 1

It will be understood that the particular formation are illustrative merely and that flanged articles of great variation in form, depth and the like may be produced without departing from my invention.

I claim:

1. .In the ginally reen simultaneously inflowing' the flange margin all the way around into a multiple ply fold process of making flanged, marorced paper articles, the step of co posed entirely of material of the flange.

2. In the process of makin flanged, marginally reenforcedpaper articles, the steps of inflowing the flange margin into a multiple fold composed entirely of material of the a flange, and with theraw flange edge insubstantiallthe middle of the foldiland consolidating't e infolded application of consoli 3. In the process of making ginally reemforced paper art as, the steps of inflowing the flange margin into a multiple parts of t e flange by ating pressure thereto.

flanged, marfold composed entirely of materialof the,

flangegand with. the originally raw flange edge inside the fold, and applying packing pressure in a pluraliti of di' erent angularly 4. In'the process of making flanged, marginally reeniorced 'paper' articles, the steps of infolding the flange margin simultaneously all the way around nto a multiple fold composed entirely of material of the flange, and with the raw flange edge inside the folds, applying pressure to and confining the folded parts laterall and applying packing pressure in a rig t line to the olded and confined arts at the edge thereof. 7 v

5. n the process of making flanged, marginally reenforced paper art cles, the steps of flowing the flange margin inwardly si- 'multaneously all the way round and guiding the edge thereof so that same is folded in and interposed directly between the flange e intolded parts of the wall and an inturned part formed from the original flange wall.

6. In the process of making flanged, marginally reenforced paper articles the steps 5 of applying flowing pressure to he flange margin simultaneously all the way round and guiding the edge thereof inwardly, downwardly and upwardly and outwardly, so that a multiple ply fold is produced composed entirely of material of the flange, and with the part originally formin the raw edge of the flange inside between t e flange wall and an inturned portion thereof.

7. In the rocess of making flanged, marfiinally reenibrced paper articles, the steps of owing the flange margin inwardly simultaneously all the way round while dguiding the edge thereof so that same is le upwardly between the flange wall and an inturned part 20 thereof and a triple fold is formed com entirely of material of the flange, app ying' ressure to and confining the folded portion aterally, and applying packing ressure to the folded and confined parts a the edge thereof, whereby a closely packed, highly co" herent marginal ring of permanent gage dimension and high strength is reduced. 8. The process of making a eeply flanged marginal reenforced article of paper, which consists in forming a blank with substantially V-shaped notches substantially evenly spaced about the periphery thereof, drawing a deep flange on and b ank, whereby the 1 notches are substantially closed, infoldin the margin into a triple fold with the notche or incised (part between the flange wall and an inturne part thereof, and su jecting the folded ortion to packin pressure on all sides, w ereby a marginar1ng is obtained of high strength and coherence with the incised parts of the blank substantiallyv enclosed within the interior of the marginal ring. '9. In the process of drawin a flange on a pager blank, the step of clamping the central rawn parts between opposing members while drawing'theflange at the marginal part. 7

g 10. In the process of making flanged marginallyfolded paper articles, the steps 01 curling the flange margin on a relatively small radius followe by flowin it into multiple folds com osed entirely 0 material of the flange, an on a radius larger than used in curling the flange mar In testimony whereo%: I have signed my I name hereto.

ARLINGTON

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