US1866907A

US1866907A - Piston and ring

Info

Publication number: US1866907A
Application number: US169457A
Authority: US
Inventors: Ernest S Reiland; Peter M Reiland
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1927-02-19
Filing date: 1927-02-19
Publication date: 1932-07-12
Anticipated expiration: 1949-07-12

Description

July l2, 1932. E. s. REILAND ET AL PISTON AND RING Filed Feb. 19, 1927 Peer M .Rei/Zand i Patented July 12, 1932 UNITED STATES PISTON ANI) RG Application led February 19, 1927. SvilNo. 169,457.

Our invention relates to improvement in pistons and rings wherein it is designed to provide a piston with a solid skirt structure and' with a peculiarly designed piston ring 6 and means to prevent piston slap when the piston is unexpanded or cold.

Our invention includes a special designed ring which compensates for the expansion and contraction of the piston. This isl an important feature of our invention. The piston and rings are made to stand ai great eX- pansionand contraction which is apparent in aluminum alloy pistons. It is also a feature of our invention to provide piston rings having such beveled construction or faces as to provide'ring means which do not have a heavy pressure or frictional contact with the cylinder walls. These specially constructed rings permit the piston to be fit in the cylinder comparatively free with sufficient amount of clearance for expansion and yet the rings provide the necessary means for giving the proper fit to hold the piston in position and to permit the same to run freely in the cylinder.

It is a feature of our invention to provide self-adjusting ring means which coeact with the bearing ring in a manner to automatically adjust the bearing rings of the piston to the cylinder Walls.

The invention includes a special means 0f providing bearing ringsfor carrying the piston and follower rings which are adapted to hold the bearing rings in position to properly support the piston in the cylinder. By suitable spring means the follower rings are held in a manner to automatically adjust the bearing rings. This permits the free fitting of the piston in the cylinder and prevents wear of the piston, overcoming piston clearance slap and providing a very desirable structure to form the necessary oil seal on the wall of the piston and to give the proper compression in the cylinder. In fact, we have found our pistons to give a more uniform compression in each cylinder and to hold the compression above the piston longer than the ordinary well known structures of pistons and rings heretofore used.

These features and others will be more fully and clearly set forth in the specification and claims.

In the drawing forming part of this speciication:

Figure 1 is a side view partly in section 55 showing an approximate half of the cylinder cutaway.

Figure 2 is a section on the line 2-2 of Figure 1.

In the drawing our piston A is madeof 00 aluminum or other suitable alloyed material of a light weight having a head portion B, with an undivided skirt C.

lfhe head portion B is adapted to carry the ordinary compression rings 1Q which are po- 65 sitioned adjacent each other in a manner to provide the compression rings at the top of the piston A.

The skirt CV is formed with openings 11 whichpermit theoil which works up along 7 the skirt of the piston to be passed through the piston freely, these openings also permiti the oil from the crank case to pass through to the wall of the cylinder between the bearing rings 12.

In carrying out our invention we position one bearingri-ng 12 just belowl the compression rings 1Q. The ring 12 is formed with inner beveled surfaces 125 and 14, the beveled surface 13 being adapted tobear against the 80 kbeveled surface 15 formed in the piston A,

while thebeveled surface 14 is adapted to bear against a beveled surface 16 formed on the follower ring 17. rIlhe follower ring 1 7 is adapted to be pressed outwardly by the coil springs-18 'which are positioned in the sockets A19 formed projecting inwardly in the body of the cylinder A. IVe provide a series of sockets 19 about the circumference of the cylinder A, as illustrated in Figure 2. In this 9 in the cylinder and prevents the same from Vpiston clearance slap in operation.

. nal combustion engine.

Ve provide a bearing ring 12 in the skirt of the piston which is of the same construction as that positioned directly below the compression rings 10. In this manner by means of the upper and lower bearing rings as illustrated in Figure 1, and by means of the follower compensating rings 17 the bear ing rings 12 are automatically held in operative position to guide the piston in its operation and permit it to reciprocate very freely with a small amount of frictional contact' on the cylinder walls, yet providing a means of increasing the compression at the head B of the piston and controlling the oil between the bearing rings 12.

We also provide drain holes 20 through the piston from the upper ring groove which carries the follower ring 17. This permits the surplus oil which may work up the piston and back of the ring to drain back into the crank case through the piston.

It is desirable in internal combustion engines to provide a piston of a comparatively light weight and having a strong body portion. In making such a piston of aluminum and alloy it is generally recognized in the trade that the skirt of the piston must be split to permit the expansion and contraction of the saine without binding on the cylinder walls. ln a piston of this nature, after the piston has become somewhat worn in operation a piston clearance slap is apparent and this is undesirable in an automobile or inter- A feature of our invention is to overcome these undesirable features and to provide a pistonwith a body which is undivided of a light weight and having bearing rings which center the piston in the cylinder and which are provided with means for automatically compensating for the wear and the movement of the piston in operation so as to permit the piston to reciprocate very freely in the cylinder. 7e have found in actual use that our piston runs very freely in the cylinder with practically a minimum friction on the side walls of the cylinder and yet we provide a piston having means for holding the compression better than other pistons now in use, in so far as, we know.

The beveled surfaces 15 in the piston body engage the beveled surfaces 13 of the ring 12 to permit the ring to slide on the beveled surface 15. The opposite beveled surfaces 14 of the ring 12 engage with the beveled surface 16 of the follower ring 17, while the vcoil springs 18 press against the follower springs in a manner to force the follower ring outwardly, thereby having a tendency to expand the ring 12 against the cylinder wall. lThis permits for compensation in the reciprocation of the piston A, the ring 12 working between two beveled surfaces, one of which is rigid and the other being resilient through the actions of the coil springs 18. This structure provides a means forv supporting the piston A in a very practical manner with very desirable results as we have accomplished in tests which we have made and which we believe has not been accomplished heretofore. The ring 12 may be compressed against the spring tension of the springs 18 and the follower ring 17 to the desired eX- tent in a manner to permit the piston A and bearing rings 12 to fit properly in the cylinder in which the piston is placed. The cylinder is not illustrated, either in part or in its entirety in the drawing as this is of common ordinary well known construction and it is understood that the

rings

12 and 17 are fit in a manner to compensate for the action hereinbefore described to permit the piston and rings to function in use in the cylinder of the internal combustion engine. Y

ln accordance with the patent statutes we have described theprinciples of our invention, together with the best embodiment thereof which we have endeavored to illustrate in the drawing, but we desire to have it understood that the illustrations are only suggestive of a means of carrying out our invention and that the samemay be carried out by other structureand means without departing from the spirit of our invention within the scope of the following claims.

lrVe claim:

1. A piston and bearing ring including, a piston body, a groove formed in said piston body, a beveled surface on one side of said groove and a rectangular corner on the other side, a bearing ring having oppositely disposed-beveled surfaces, one of which is adapted to bear against the beveled surface in said groove, a follower compensating ring, a beveled surface on said follower ring for engagaing one of the beveled surfaces of said bearing ring, and a series of resilient means circumferentially .disposed adapted to eX- pand said follower ring outwardly.

2. A piston having a body portion, a groove formed in said piston having a beveled surface-on one side and a rectangular corner on the other side, a bearing ring having inwardly beveled surfaces formed thereon, one of said beveled surfaces engaging said beveled surface formed in the piston, a follower ring having a beveled surface on one side and a rectangular edge on the other side, said rectangular surface capable of engaging the rectangular surface formed in the piston, and

spring means in said piston adapted to bear against the back of said follower ring in a manner to cause said follow-er ring to operate against said bea-ring ring to provide a compensating bearing and sealing oint in the wall of said piston.

3. In a piston adapted for use in an internal combustion engine, an undivided body portion, said body-portion having a groove formed therein and adapted to receive a bearing ring having oppositely disposed beveled surfaces and a follower ring having a complementary beveled surface on one side and a rectangular corner on the other side thereof, said groove having a beveled surface on one side and a rectangular corner on the other side.

4. A piston, comprising a bodT portion, said body portion having a plurality of grooves formed therein adapted to receive bearing rings having oppositely disposed beveled surfaces, each of said grooves having a beveled surface on one side against which said bearing rin may t a rectangular corner on the other sidi), and a follower ring between said bearing ring and said rectangular corner.

ERNEST S. REILAND. PETER M. REILAND.