US1865122A

US1865122A - Carburetor

Info

Publication number: US1865122A
Application number: US470622A
Authority: US
Inventors: Manners William Haslam; Barker Norris
Original assignee: M & S Carburettor Manufacturing And Fina
Current assignee: M & S Carburettor Manufacturing And Fina; M & S Carburettor Manufacturing And Finance Corp Ltd
Priority date: 1930-06-14
Filing date: 1930-07-25
Publication date: 1932-06-28
Anticipated expiration: 1949-06-28

Description

June 28, 1932.

'w. H. MANNERS ET 5|. 1,865,122

" CARBURETOR Filed July 25, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 June 28, 1932. w. H. MANNERS ET AL CARBURETOR Filed July 25, 1950 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented June 28, 1932 UNITED "STATES PATENT OFFICE WILLIAM HASLAM MANNLRS, 0F KRUGERSDORRTRANSVAAL, AND NORRIS BARKER,

OF JOI-IAN'NESBURG, TRANSVAAL, SOUTH AFRICA, ASSIGNORS TO M. 8:: S. CAR-BU- RET'I'OR MANUFACTURING AND FINANCE CORPORATION, LIMITED, OF J'OHANNES- BURG, SOUTH AFRICA, A COMPANY OF SOUTH AFRICA CARBURETOR Application filed July 25, 1930, Serial No. 470,622, and in the Union of South Africa June 14, 1980.

This invention relates to carburetors for internal combustion engines and has reference to the type of carburetor'in which a portion of the petrol'or liquid fuel supply passage is provided by attube having a fine or narrow slit or slot through which the fuel passes before mixing with the air to form the explosive mixture, and in which a member is rot'atably arranged in said tube and has a bevelled end, the edge of which serves for controlling the supply of the fuel by coacting with the narrow slit or slot to control the effective length thereof.

The object of the present invention is to improve 'the' construction and arrangement of the carburetor in order, inter alia, to render possible a finer or more sensitive adjustment of the elements which control the supply of the liquid fuel, the parts which con trol the supply of air, and the parts which control the supply of the explosive mixture, or the mixture of fuel and air, to the engine cylinders. The liquid fuel supply controlling elements are so'designed that for equal angular movements of the rotary member or valve, equal portions of the length of the narrow slit or slot are opened or closed.

According to the present improvements the valve,or thatelement'which controls the supply of the liquid fuel, is fashioned or shaped, inone form, with a helical edge which co-a'cts with the narrow slit or slot in the tube, in which 'itis operatively arranged, to regulate the effective length of the latter. The valve is split for a portion of its length, including the portion on which the helical edge is formed, so as to ensure its tightly fitting the tubular housing, and is constructed so as to extend below the slit or slot and provided with means for promoting the flow of the liquid fuel up the passage provided by the valve to the slit or slot in the valve housing.

The valve is combined with screw adjusting means carried by the arm operating the valve. for setting the helical edge in the requisite operative position relative to the slit or slot, and with screw adjusting means which are adapted to be operated from the dashboard of thelvehicle for adjusting the valve controlling means to vary the position of the helical edge relative to the slitor slot, and by varying the effective length of the latter to ensure a richer or poorer explosive ipixture being supplied to the engine cylinc ers.

The air'admission valve has screw adjusting means combined with its operating lever so that it can be set or adjusted as required to vary the volume of air which is admitted to the carburetor.

The levers or arms controlling the supply of fuel, and the supply of air, and the supply of explosive mixture to the engine cylinders, are connected through the medium of a rod or link which carries the screw adjusting means for the fuel supply valve.

The lever or arm controlling the supply of the explosive mixture co-operates with adjustable and fixed stops for limiting its move ment in both directions, and through it the movement of the link and levers controlling the fuel and air supply valves.

The body of the carburetor in proximity to the elements of the fuel supply valve 1s enlarged in cross-sectional area, so that the tubular housing for the valve does not constrict the passage for the air. Thebody may be adapted to either up-draught or downdraught types of carburetors.

The rotary air admission valve and the rotary explosive mixture admission valve are made of such internal contour or shape as not to impede the flow of the air and explosive mixture through the carburetor to the induction pipe.

In an alternative form of the invention the narrow slit or slot may be formed in the valve housing atright angles to the centre line thereof, and the portion of the valve which co-acts with it be constructed of hemicylindrical shape, the valve being split for a'portion'of its length to ensure its tightly fitting the housing.

The invention will now be more fully explained with the aid of the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a part-sectional elevation of one embodimentof the improved carburetor.

-Figl 2 is a part-sectional plan of the same,

(ill

the plane of section being indicated by the dotted line ww in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an elevation of the carburetor.

Figs. 4L and 5 are diagrammatic views illustrating the adaptation of the carburetor to embody different types of up and down draught.

Fig. 6 is an elevation of the valve shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 7 is an elevation of the valve housing shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 8 is an elevation of the alternative type of valve housing, and

Fig. 9 is a sectional elevation of the valve housing shown in Fig. 8, the alternative form of valve being shown in position therein in elevation.

Referring to the embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 6 and 7, the numeral 1 in Figs. 1 to 3 denotes the body of the carburetor, which on the one side has bolted to it a cylindrical extension piece 2 which constitutes the air inlet into the body 1. The body 1 at the other end and at the opposite side has bolted to it the induction pipe 3, or a pipe leading thereto for conducting the explosive mixture to the manifold for leading it to the cylinders of the engine. The body portion 1, centrally of its length, is constructed at the top with a hollow cylindrical projection or boss 4, which communicates with the interior of said body, and at the bottom with an interiorly screw-threaded cylindrical projection or boss 5.

The elements of the liquid fuel supply controlling means include the outer tubular part or casing 6, the upper end of which fits in the boss 4 and the lower portion of which passes through a hole in the body; it being flanged at the lower end and seated in the screw-threaded hole in the boss 5, and held in position therein by means of a hollow nut or screw-threaded plug 7 8 is the narrow slit or slot in the part or casing 6see Figs. 1 and 7through which slit or slot 8 the liquid fuel or petrol passes into the body 1, and by which it is directed towards the explosive mixture outlet or induction pipe 3. The valve or other element of the liquid fuel controlling means, which is rotatably arranged in the part of easing 6, comprises two

main parts

9, 10, as shown in Figs. 1, 6 and 7, The one part 9 is hollow for a portion of its length and is constructed to provide the helical edge 11 which co-acts with the slit or slot 8 to regulate the effective length thereof. This may be constructed by boring the part 9 from the one end to a point 12. then counterboring it to a point 13, and forming the helical edge 11 by cutting away part of one half of the counterbored portion from the inner end of the counterbore to a point 14, and forming a fine cut or slot 15 longitudinally and diametrically of the part 9 from the inner end of the helical edge to the end of the bore 12. The other part 10 of the valve is in the form of a pin made for a portion of its length of a diameter to fit the bore 12, and for the remaining portion of its length of a diameter to fit the counterbore 13. The pin 10 is fixed in the split portion of the part 9 of the valve to one side thereof by means of a small pin 16. By cutting away the portion of the part 9 of the valve to form the helical edge 11 a passage 17 is provided for the liquid fuel between the

parts

6 and 10 to the back of the narrow slit or slot 8 in the part or casing 6, and by prolonging the

parts

9, 10, of the valve below the bottom end of the fine or narrow slit or slot 8 the flow of the petrol up the passage 17 to the slit or slot 8 is promoted by capillary attraction. By splitting the part 9 it ensures its tightly fitting the tube or casing 6 whilst allowing of its free rotation therein to regulate the fuel supply.

The petrol from the float feed chamber 18 passes along the passage 19 into the screwthreaded hole 20 in the boss 5, below the lower end of the plug 7 The petrol then passes or is drawn through the plug 7 into the lower end of the tube or casing 6, thence by the passage 17 to the narrow slit or slot 8.

21 is a screwed cap screwed into and closing the opening in the lower end of the boss 5; 22 being a washer for making a joint between the cap 21 and the boss 5.

The means for rotating the

valve elements

9, 10, includes a flanged bush 23 which is fixed to the upper end of the element 9 by a pin 24. The flange of the bush 23 is fashioned with a projection 25. 26 is the operating lever for the petrol supply valve, which lever at its one end is adjustably mounted around the bush 23 between the upper end of the boss 4 and the flange of the bush 23. The lever 26 is constructed with two lugs or projection 27 which carry setscrews 28, which, at their inner ends engage with opposite sides of the projection 25. The set-screws 28 allow for any desired setting of the lever 26 relative to the helical edge 11. The end of the lever 26 which is secured around the bush 23 is shown split or in the form of a clamp, so that it can be secured around the bush 23 by the set-screw 29,

after requisite adjustment of the lever 26 has been effected.

The lever 26 is constructed with a longitudinal slot 30 for adjustably connecting thereto means for adjusting the extent of the angular or rotary movement of the

valve element

9, 10, in order to vary, as desired, the length of the helical edge 11 which coacts with the slot or slit 8.

31 is a link which serves for connecting the 1 operating lever 26 with the levershereinafter referred towhich operate the valve which controls the admission of air to the carburetor and the valve which controls the volume of the explosive mixture which passes .naesgraa from the carburetor to the engine. The link 31 is constructedv at the center. of its'wlength with integral projecting. parts 32 which are angularly disposed relative to the sides of the link. These parts. 82 provide between their sides an angular slot or opening 33 in the ends of which is journalled a screw 34.

35 is a retaining collaron the one end of the screw 34. The screw 34 is COllStIUCLQd at its other and outer-end with a header enlargement 36, and beyond the-enlargement 36 it isshown squared to' fit into a coupling piece 37 to which it ispinned. The screw 34 is rotated in either direction by means of a flexible rod or wire 38 which normally will be extended to the dashboard so that it can be operated by the driverof the vehicle from his seat. On the screw'34 is mounted a nut 39. This nut is constructed on theup'per side with projections 40 which. are adapted to slide on thesides of the partsi32 of the link 31, which parts 32, between: them, form the slot 33. The nut 39 carries a pin 41 which slidingly-engages :in the slot 30 in lever 26. hen the flexible rod or wire 38 is rotated in one direction, the screw'34 traverses the nut 39 so that the pin 41- moves the lever 26 into the desired position either to increase or .decreaseaccording to thedirection of rotation of the screw 34-the angular movement of said leverpand through it the

valve element

9, 10, and so increase or decrease the effective length of thenarrow slot or slit 8; by this means increasing or decreasing the quantity of petrol which is permitted to pass through the slitor slot 8. In this way the helical edge 11, by cooperating with a greater or lesser portion of the lengthof said slot or slit 8, determines the quantity of the petrol passing therethrough and commingling with the air-to form the explosive mixture.

The rotary air admission valve 42 is operatively housed in the body 1 above the air inlet branch 2. Interiorly the valve 42 is curved or rounded, as shown at 43, in Fig.1, so as to deflect or divert the air stream in the direction otand past the petrol supplyvalve tube or casing 6. This internal curvature 43 has the eflect of preventing undue impediment of the air stream. The valve 42 is constructed with a stem or spindle 44 which passes through an aperture in a cover 44a fixed to the body'l. On the upper end of the stem or spindle 44. is adjustably secured one end of the operating-lever 45 for the air control valve 42; the one end of which lever v45 is split so that it can be clamped around the stem orv spindle 44 by a set-screw 46. 47 is a collarfixed on the stem or spindle 44 above the end of lever 45. The'collar 47' is constructedwi-tha T-shaped arm or projection 48, having depending portions or lugs 49 at its ends on the 'underside. 59 are. setscrews which arescrewedthrough holes in the lugs 49 into engagem'ent with the sidesof otherzend of thelever 45 is attached to one end of the rod or link 81 by pin 51.

In atheextension' piece 2 a Strangler valve 52ilS operatively arranged for the purpose of regulating the air supply to the valve 42 for starting purposes. The valve 52 is mounted on a. spindle'53 journalledat its ends in the piece 2. It has attached to its one extremity a lever 54 which is adapted to be operated through a flexible rod or wire 55, .movable in a' flexible casing 56, one end of which is fixed in a clamp 57 to the cover 44a. The flexible wire 55 (and casing 56) is carried to a convenient point on the dashboard so that it can be operated by the driver of the vehicle to regulate the valve52'independently-of the operating means for the petrol supply valve, and [the air and explosive mixture supply valves.

The rotary explosive mixture admission valve 58. is: housed. in the other end of the body 1 and is constructed similar to thevalve 42 in that it is rounded or curved interiorly, asindicated at 59, so as to deflect the explosive mixture in the direction of the pipe 3. The stem 60 of the valve 58 projects through an aperture in the cover61'whi'ch is fixed to the body 1. The lever 62 for operating the valve 58 is similar to the lever 45 of the air admission valve 42. It is clamped around the stem 60 at one end, as indicated at 63, and at the other end is connected to the link 31 by means of the rod or pin 64. The link 31 is operated through the medium of the lever 62 so that the petrol supply valve, the air admission valve 42, and the valve 58 which controls the supply of the explosive mixture are all operated by a single controh'fixed say on the dashboard of the vehicle, which control includes a suitably shaped lever 65 clamped at one-end to the end of the stem 60'below the lever 62, and a rod 66 fixed to the other end of the lever 65 by a screwed pin 67.

For the puropse of limiting the movement of the lever 62 in theone direction a pin or projection 68 is providedon the cover 61, and an adj ustablestop is provided for limiting the movement of the lever 62 in the opposite direction. The adjustable stop is shown comprising a pin 69 split for a portion of its length "and threaded to receive an adjustable. screw stop 70 which is screwed into a hole in the pin 69 in the plane of the split. 71 is a screw for locking the screw 7 0 in position after adjustment, by forcing the split portions of the pin 69 together. 7

' The body 1 of thecarburetor between the

valves

42 and 58 is constructed so thatthe passage 72 therethrough tapers from the centre in the direction of the

valves

42 and 58. By thus increasing the cross-sectional area of the passage 72, the area thereof at the sides of the petrol supply Valve casing 6 is the same or substantially the same as the area of the passages communicating with the valve housings for the air and explosive mixture valves. This obviates any constriction of the passage 72 and allows of the free or unimpeded flow of the air past the tubular casing 6.

In the operation of the carburetor the petrol supply valve, .the air admission valve 42 and the explosive mixture supply valve 58 are each set to ensure a supply of the best explosive mixture under normal running conditions of the engine. The petrol supply is increased or decreased as required by varying the extent of the angular movement of the lever 26, and so increasing or decreasing the effective length of the narrow slot or slit 8, or that portion of the slot or slit with which the helical edge 11 co-operates.

In the modified form of the valve device for controlling the supply of petrol illustrated in Figs. 8 and 9, the tubular member or casing 73 is constructed with a horizontal arcuate slot or slit 74, or a slit or slot at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the tubular casing 73. The valve member is split for a portion of its length from the inner end to a point 76, and one half of the split portion is cut away from the inner end to the point 77. In the operation of this construction one of the edges 78 of the split portion acts when the valve member 75 is partially rotated gradually to reduce the effective length of the slit or slot 74, and so determine the quantity of petrol that is able to pass therethrough. The splitting of the valve 0 member 75 from the point 77 to the point 76 ensures the same tightly fitting in the bore of the tubular casing 73. This form of the valve device can be operated by the means shown and described in connection with Figs. 1 to 3 of the drawings.

The body 1 of the carburetor may be adapted to two types of up draught, the one in which the air inlet branch 2 is positioned as shown in Figs. 1, 3, and 4, in which the arrow indicates the direction of flow through the carburetor. In the other types the air inlet 2 is correspondingly positioned at the other and upper side of the body 1.

The body 1 of the carburetor may be adapted to two types of down draught, the one in which the air inlet branch 2 is positioned at the top of the body, and the explosive mixture outlet or induction pipe 3 at the bottom of the other end of the body, as shown in Fig. 5 in which the arrow indicates the direction of flow through the carburetor, and the other in which the air inlet branch is correspondingly positioned at the bottom of the body.

What we claim as our invention and desire to protect by Letters Patent is 1. In a carburetor for internal combustion engines, means for controlling the supply of liquid fuel, comprising a tubular outer memher having a narrow longitudinal slit, and a rotatable member housed within the outer member and having a helical edge which coacts with the slit in such a way that equal angular movements of the internal member open or close, according to the direction of rotation of said internal member, equal portions of the length of the slit, the inner rotatable member comprising an outer part on which the helical edge is formed, said part being slotted beyond the inner end of the helical edge and cut away below said slot to form the helical edge and providing a passage for the liquid fuel, and an inner part fixed to the outer part and extending below the helical edge to promote the flow of the liquid fuel up the passage to the narrow slit, as set forth.

2. A carburetor for internal combustion engines, comprising, in combination, a body providing an inlet for the air and an outlet for the explosive mixture, a liquid fuel supply controlling device positioned in the body intermediate the air inlet and explosive mixture outlet, said device including an outer element having a narrow slit which forms the outlet for the liquid fuel into the passage through the body and an inner rotatable element, said inner element having an edge which co-acts with the slit to control the effective length thereof, and adjusting means for setting the edge of the rotatable element in the requisite operative position relative to the narrow slit, said adjusting means including a part fixed to the rotatable element, a lever adjustably carried by said part, and screw means for adjusting the part relative to the lever, as set forth.

3. A carburetor for internal combustion engines, comprising, in combination, a body providing an inlet for the air and an outlet for the explosive mixture, a liquid fuel supply controlling device positioned in the body intermediate the air inlet and explosive mixture outlet, said device including an outer element having a narrow slit which forms the outlet for the liquid fuel into the passage through the body and an inner rotatable ele ment, said inner element having an edge which co-acts with the slit to control the effective length thereof, and screw means for adjusting the liquid fuel supply controlling means to vary the position of the edge of the inner element relative to the narrow slit including a lever fixed to the inner element, a screw, a nut engaging the screw, and part carried by the nut which slidably engages with the lever, as set forth.

' 4. A carburetor for internal combustion engines, comprising, in combination, a body providing an inlet for the air and an outlet for the explosive mixture, a liquid fuel supply controlling device positioned in the body intermediate the air inlet and explosive mixture outlet, said device including an outer element having a narrow slit which forms the outlet for the liquid fuel into the passage through the body and an inner rotatable element, said inner element having an edge which co-acts with the slit to control the effective length thereof, a valve for controlling the supply of air to the carburetor, a valve for controlling the supply of explosive mixture to the engine, a link operatively connecting the air admission and explosive mix ture supply valves, a lever for controlling the liquid fuel supply means, and means adjust ably connecting said lever to the link, said adjustable means including a screw carried by the link, a nut engaging and traversed by said screw, means carried by the nut engaging said lever, and means for rotating said screw in either direction, as set forth.

5. A carburetor for internal combustion engines, comprising, in combination, a body providing an inlet for the air and an outlet for the explosive mixture, a liquid fuel supply controlling device positioned in the body intermediate the air inlet and explosive mixture outlet, said device including an outer element having a narrow slit which forms the outlet for the liquid fuel into the passage through the body and an inner rotatable element, said inner element having an edge which co-acts with the slit to control the effective length thereof, a rotary cylindrical air admission valve housed in the. body, an operating lever for said valve, and screw adjusting means co-operating with said lever including a part fixed to the valve spindle, which part is fashioned with a projection, and screws carried by said projection and adapted to engage with the lever for setting or adjusting the air admission valve, as set forth.

6. A carburetor for internal combustion engines, comprising, in combination, a body providing an inlet for the air and an outlet for the explosive mixture, a liquid fuel supply controlling device positioned in the body intermediate the air inlet and explosive mixture outlet, said device including an outer element having a narrow slit which forms the outlet for the liquid fuel into the passage through the body and an inner rotatable element, said inner element having an edge which co-acts with the slit to control the effective length thereof, a rotary cylindrical air admission valve, a rotary cylindrical valve for controlling the admission of the explosive mixture to the engine, a lever for. operating the air admission valve, means for adjusting said valve through said lever, a lever for operating the explosive mixture admission valve, a lever for operating the liquid fuel supply controlling device, means for setting said device, means for adjusting said device when the carburetor is in operation through said lever, means connecting said three levers so that they can be operated by a single control, a stop for limiting the movement of said levers in the one direction, and an adjustable stop for limiting the movement of the levers in the other direction, as set forth.

7. A carburetor for internal combustion engines, comprising, in combination, a body providing an inlet for the air and an outlet for the explosive mixture, and a liquid fuel supply controlling device positioned in the body intermediate the air inlet and explosive mixture outlet, said device including an outer element having a narrow slit which forms the outlet for the liquid fuel into the passage through the body and an inner rotatable element, said inner element having an edge which co-acts with the slit to control the eii ective length thereof, the body being so constructed that the passage provided therethrough between the inlet for the air and the outlet for the explosive mixture is tapered in opposite directions from the liquid fuel supply controlling device in the direction of the ends, so that said device does not constrict the passage through the body, as set forth.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification.

WILLIAM HASLAM MANNERS.

NORRIS BARKER.