US1859841A - Apparatus for the impregnation of hollow articles - Google Patents

Description

May 24, 1932. L H.-J. PRINS 1,859,841

7 APPARATUS FOR THE IMPREGNATION OF HOLLOW ARTICLES Filed Dec. 50, 1929 ZSheets-Sheet 1 May 24, 1932. H. J PRINS 7 1,359,841

APPARATUS FOR THE IMPREGNATION'OF HOLLOW ARTICLES Filed Dec. 50,1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 FIG-Z- v FIG-3J- Patented May" 24, 1932 "UNITED STATES PATENT, OFFICE,

EENDRIK J coRUs rRIns or HILVERSUM, NETHERLANDS APPARATUS FOR THE I'MPREG'NATION or HOLLOW ARTIcLEs Application filed December 30,1929, Serial No. 417,567, and in Germany January 11, 1929.

The invention relates to improvements in or relating tothe impregnation of the inner walls of hollow articles such as cups, tins or the like. The impregnation is effected by directing the impregnating liquid through the space between a hollow body, which is arranged inside the impregnation vessel, and

the inner wall of the cup and by carrying oil over the bottom of the cup as the outlet apprture is only situated in proximity to the latter. By adopting a suitable shape, for example, a conical form, forflthe upper surface of the hollow body, which is placed inside the vessel, the impregnating liquid is furthermore compelled to flow along the entire internal surface of the bottom of the cup, whereby the Z5 latteris also impregnated thoroughly.

The impregnating operation is accomplished completely automatically, becauseby pressing upon the cup itselfthe flow of impregnating liquid is established and is 0 stopped as soon as the pressure on the cup which is to beimpregnated is removed. Consequently the impregnation'acts only during an exactly predetermined period, but also thoroughly duringthis pressing period. As

the liquid flows back immediately and theentire revolution space being closed, a loss of 'impregnating liquid cannot occur, a fact which isespecially of value in the case when volatile solvents are employed for the imprega nating liquid.

Further advantagesreside in the automatic method of operation, the simplicity with which the method is carried out and of the operating means required. j

The drawings show by way of example embodiments of an apparatus for carrying out the impregnation method according to the invention and by referring to the'drawings the operations and the particular advantages presented by the method will be understood.

In these drawings:

Figure 1 is a sectional view of one form of the apparatus according to the invention and Figures 2 and 3 are simplified embodiments of the apparatus, operating in a. similar manner to the arrangement in Figure l and showing the manner in which some parts can be exchanged easily.

In these figures the same reference numerals represent corresponding parts.

A hollow body 1 is provided at the upper surface with an opening 2 and is secured to a tube 3. By means of a ring 4; this. tube 3 is connected -to a dish 5 to which a projecting flange ring 7 is secured if desired with the interposition of a packing ring 6. The cup 8 is placed in the flange 7 with the open side upon the ring 6, thus enclosing the hollow body 1. 7

To the ring-piece 4 a tube 9 is secured, serving to guide the tube 3 inside a box 12, which is provided with a flange and is passed through the coven of a vessel 11, to which it is secured. To the box 12- a vessel 13 is secured .which is open at the uppersid'e, enclosing the hollow body over any height and provided at the bottom with a waste-pipe 14.

To the tube 3, which passes through a stufiing box 15 in the base of the vessel 11 is secured a conical valve 16 inside the vessel 11, which valve in the position represented is pressed by a spring 17 against an annular seating 18 which is arrangedinside the box 12 and is provided with a spring 19, which in the position represented is slack. The spring 19 5' bears against a ring 20 which is secured in the box 12 and with the other side limits the mo tion of the tube 9 and consequently the descent of the tube 3.

The bottom of the vessel 11 is provided with a feeder 21, which. by means of a pump is in communication with a storage vessel, into which the liquid discharged by the conducts 3 and 14 also returns. y

In the position shown the feed-pump, for example a centrifugal pump, which can only overcome a predetermined lift as counterpressure, has filled the vessel 11 so far that the air remaining under the cover 10 forms an air cushion the pressure of which equals the pressure of the pump, in consequence of which a further supply cannot take place.

If now the cup 8 is pressed down, the parts 5, (6) and 7 and also the tube 3 together with the hollow body .1 and the conical valve 16 descend. The conical valve 16 withdraws therefore from the seating 18, in consequence of which the liquid around the tube 3 arrives into the box 12 and then into the tube 9. The impregnating liquid then passes through the annular space between the hollow body 1 and the dish 5 and reaches all parts of the inner surface of the cup 8, which by the pressure upon the dish 5 or the stufling-ring 6 effects the required closure. The impregnating liquid ascends gradually in the space between the cup 8 and the hollow body 1, then enters through the opening 2 inside the hollow body 1 and returns from there through the tube 3 into the store-vessel, from which it is again directed by the pump into the vessel 11. In this manner a cycle, which is shut off from the open air, is secured for the impregnating liquid and by the gradual, regular and whirlfree ascent thereof such an eflicient contact with the inner walls of the cup is obtained that in a short time the clesired impregnation is effected, no other operation being required than the depression of the cup. Moreover the shut off position of the cup 8 upon the dish 5 permits an impregnation to be operated under the sudden pressure of the ascending liquid, this being of great importance for the alfixture of the impregnating substance to the base.

By removing the cup 8 the supply of liquid to the space around the hollow body 1 is at once stopped, because the spring 17 moves the tube 3 back and presses the conical valve 16 again upon the seating 18. The liquid remaining around the hollow body 1 enters the vessel 13 and returns by means of the duct 14 also into the store-vessel. On account of the projecting border 7 a certain quantity of liquid is left behind in the border, which can serve for the impregnation of a part of the outer wall of the cup as is sometimes required for an air-tight closing of a cover which is arranged upon the cup. The height of the projecting border 7 is determined by the desired height of the impregnation of the outer wall and if desired liquid may also be admitted on this side by making the space between the cup 8 and the border 7 communicate by means of openings or duets with the space around the tube 3 below the hollow body 1 (not shown in the drawlngs).

To obtain the certainty that no air will be left behind in the cup during the operation,

' which may produce non-impregnated patches or an insuflicient aflixture to the bottom of the cup, the upper surface of the hollow body is shaped conically in order that during the flow through the opening 2 an ejector-effect will take place, removing the air which may remain under the bottom of the cup through the opening 2.

Moreover the production of whirls in the liquid which ascends along the hollow body can be prevented by ribs 1 arranged perpendicularly upon the side walls and the upper surface of the hollow body and which increase the ejector-efi'ect upon the air by arresting the whirls.

If the hollow body 1 and the ring 6, if any, are made interchangeable the apparatus can then be arranged to suit the shape and the size of the articles which are to be impregnated.

According to the invention the liquid is suddenly admitted and the admission is suddenly stopped. The air-cushion which is formed in the vessel 11 serves to damp the shocks arising in the ducts.

After removing the cup from the apparatus any excess of the impregnating liquid can be shaken off by a motion of the hand backwards. The same result can be obtained by suddenly blowing into the cup a current of air at the correct temperature, which if then slowed down can serve to dry the treated articles. These latter measures do not form directly a part of the invention and neither does the supply of the cup or other articles by which all the operations can be effected automatically. The cups can be held fast in the required position in anydevice known for the purpose and the admission of the liquid then can be opened or inversely be shut off again by the descending motion of the cup or the ascending motion of the device. The operations can be inverted according to the invention by the ascent of the liquid in an apparatus of the same structure through the tube 3 into the hollow body, the flowing through the opening 2 and the descent around the hollow body. The required revolution can also be obtained by a sucking action at the waste-pipe 3 instead of a pressure upon the liquid. In general the application of the method of working is not confined to the described apparatus, nor is the apparatus confined to the application of the embodiment shown.

In the embodiment according to Figure 2 the impregnating liquid flows through the duct 21 into a space which surrounds the openings 22. The hollow body 1 is connected with the dish 5 by means of rivets 23, the dish being provided with a bent down border for pushing on tightly the cup 8 which is to be impregnated and can moreover be centered by elastic strips 24. arranged all around the dish 5. The hollow body 1 forms with the dish 5 a top part which can be screwed as a whole upon the duct 9 in which the duct 3 is secured. The duct 9 is provided with transmitting openings 25, which by the descending motion of the toppart and of the ducts 9 and 3 which are secured thereto, arrive oppos'ite the openings 22, in consequence of which the liquid around the duct 3 and the hollow body can ascend and through the hol- 5 low body 1 and the duct 3 can return into the storage-vessel out of which it can again be carried up into the duct 21. The descending movement of the top part occurs when the spring 17 is pressed in, which causes the reverse motion to take place when the cup 8 is removed, the shock being neutralized by the spring 19.

Figure 3, in which only the top part is represented, shows the manner in which this top part can be embodied incase the hollow cup 8 possesses a small width, whilst the top part is nevertheless tobe screwed upon the same ducts.

' What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. Apparatus for impregnating the inner walls of hollow articles such as cups, comprising a supporting 'base in the form of a dish on which the said article is placed, mouth towards the dish to form a completely closed container, means whereby the impregnating liquid is introduced into said dish and closed container and directed only along the inner wall of said article, means whereby said liquid is returned from said dish after use, the discharge outlet of said. means being situated in proximity to the base of said hollow article.

2. Apparatus for impregnating the inner walls of hollow articles such as cups, comprising a dish on which the said article is placed, mouth towards the dish in a manner to form a complete closed container, means whereby the impregnating liquid is introduced into said dish and thereby onto the inner wall.of said article, a hollow body mounted on said dish and fitting with small clearance throughout the entire inner surface of the hollow article to be impregnated so as to guide the impregnatingliquid along the inner wall of the article, and said body having at its upper surface a discharge orifice, an outlet duct connected to the base of said hollow body. 3. Apparatus for impregnating the inner walls of hollow articles such as cups, comprising a dish, on which the said article is placed, mouth towards the dish,'means whereby the impregnating liquid is introduced into said dish and thereby onto the inner wall of said article, a-hollow body mounted on said dish and fitting with small clearance in the hollow article to be impregnated, and having at its upper surface a discharge orifice, an outlet duct connected to the base of said hollow body, a valve movably connected to said outlet duct and thereby to said hollow body and said dish, said valve'cont-rolling the admission of liquid, to said dish.

4: Apparatus for impregnating the inner walls of hollow articles such as cups, comprising a dish on which the said article isplaced, mouth towards the dish, a closed chamber containing the impregnating liquid, and ducts connecting said chamber with the delivery of liquid and with said dish, a valve in said chamber, said valve being movably-connected to said'outlet duct and controlling the flow of liquid from said chamber to said dish, a hollow body mounted on said dish and fitting 4'5 with small clearance in the hollow article to be impregnated, and having at its upper surface a discharge orifice, an outlet duct connected to the base of said hollow body.

5. Apparatus for impregnating the inner walls of hollow articles such as cups, comprising a dish on which the said article is placed, mouth towards the dish, a hollow body -mo1inted on the dish and fitting with small clearance in the hollow article to be 'impregnated, and having at its upper surface a discharge orifice, an outlet duct connected to the base of the hollow body, said hollow body having a conical upper surface with said outlet orifice at the apex of the cone, a closed 99 chamber containing the impregnating liquid and ducts connecting the chamber with the delivery of liquid and with the dish, a Valve in the chamber, said valve being movably I connected to said outlet duct and controlling Ell eI flow of liquid from the chamber to the 6. Apparatus for impregnating the inner walls of hollow articles such as cups, compris ing a dish on which the said article is placed, 100 mouth towards the dish, a hollow body mounted on the dish and fitting with smallclearance in the'hollow article to be impregnated, and having at its upper surface a discharge orifice, an outlet duct connected to the base of the hollow body, said hollow .body having a conical upper surface with said outlet orifice at the apex of the cone, a closed chamber containing the impregnating liquid and ducts connecting the chamber with the delivery of liquid and with the dish, a valve in the chamber, thevalve being movable connected to the outlet duct and controlling the flow of liquid fromth chamber to the dish, the outer walls and upper surface of said hollow body comprising ribs extending in the direction of flow of the liquid.

7. Apparatus for impregnating the inner walls of hollow articles such as cups, comprising a dish on which thesaid article is placed, mouth towards the dish, a closed chamber containing the impregnating liquid and ducts connecting said chamber with the delivery of liquid and with said dish between said hollow body and the inner wall of said hollow article, a valve in-said chamber, said valve being movably-connected to said outlet duct and controlling the flow of liquid from said chamber to said dish, a hollow body mounted on said dish and fitting with small clearance in the hollow article to be impregnated, and having at its upper surface a discharge orifice, an outlet duct connected to the base of said hollow body.

8. Apparatus for impregnating the inner walls of hollow articles such as cups, comprising a dish on which said article is placed mouth towards the dish, a liquid inlet duct connected to said dish, a hollow body having at its upper end an outlet orifice and extending at its lower end in an outlet duct, being rigidly mounted with circumferential clearance in said dish and inlet duct, a closed chamber containing impregnating liquid, slidably mounted on said outlet'duct and enclosing the lower end of said inlet duct, a valve in said chamber slidably mounted on said outletduct and controlling the admission of fluid to said inlet duct.

9. Appparatus for impregnating the inner walls of hollow articles such as cups, comprising a dish on which said article is placed mouth towards the dish, a liquid inlet duet connected to said dish, a hollow body having at its upper end an outlet orifice and eXtending at its lower end in an outlet duct, being rigidly mounted with circumferential clearance in said dish and inlet duct, a closed chamber containing impregnating liquid, slidably mounted on said outlet duct and enclosing the lower end of said inlet duct, a valve in said chamber slidably mounted on said outlet duct and controlling the admission of fluid to said inlet duct, means whereby the valve is held closed when the apparatus is at rest and whereby the valve is opened when the unit formed by the dish, inlet duct, hollow body and outlet duct is pushed into the chamber. i

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

HENDRIK JACOBUS PRINS.

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