US1859431A - Vaporizer - Google Patents

Description

F. F. CHASE May 24, 1 932.

VAPORIZER Filed May 27, 1929 By m F I ATTOR YS Patented May 24, 1932 'IERANOIS' F. CHASE, F MELROSE, MASSAGHUSETTS VAIPOBIZER Application filed May 27,

The present invention relates to Vaporizers and more particularly to Vaporizers of the general type disclosed in my Patent No. 1,809,537 5, granted June 9, 1931, for promoting intimate mixture of the fuel-air supply of an internal combustion motor.

The object of the present invention is to provide improvements in the vaporizer described in said application, particularly with a view to economy and simplicity of manufacture and also to effect substantially complete freedom from obstruction at high speeds while promoting necessary vaporization of the fuel.

With this object in view, the present invention comprises the vaporizer hereinafter described and particularly defined in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings illustrating the preferred form of the invention, Fig.

1 is a sectional elevation of the vaporizer; Fig. 2 is a plan View; Fig. 3 is a section on line 38 of Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a detail. View of one of the plates; and Fig. 5 is a detail view illustrating the manner of forming the plates.

The illustrated embodiment of the invention comprises a casing 4 to which is attached an inlet tube 6 adapted for attachment to the carburetor flange 8 of the motor. The casing is provided at the top with an outlet flange 10 which is adapted to be attached to the intake manifold 12 of the motor. The casing is provided with a heating jacket 14 through which exhaust gases pass to heat the mixture passing upwardly through the vaporizer.

The jacket 14 encloses a chamber within which is supported a swirling member indicated generally at 16. The swirling member comprises a central rod 18 which as shown in Fig. 1, is supported on the top from the intake manifold and which carries a plurality of spaced plates 20. As shown in Fig. 5, each plate which is originally in the form of a circular disk is slit radially to form wings 22 which are twisted in the inclined position shown in Figs. 1 and 4. The several disks are then mounted at spaced intervals along the support 18 and are secured thereto by welding or other suitable means. The bottom of the rod 18 is provided with a pointed end 24 to deflect the central part of 1929. Serial No. 366,201.

the ascending mixture stream into the Wings. As shown in Fig. 1, five of the plates 20 are provided, thus forming five sets of inclined radially projecting wings. The wings of the lowest set rest upon and are supported "bysponding vanes are arranged directly above one another and that the inclinations are such that the outer edges of vanes of consecutive rows form a nearly continuous helix from thebottom to the top of the chamber.

Thus, in the" construction shown, wherein each disk is divided to form eight wings, there are eight substantially complete helical paths" of flow of the -mixture through the chamber. Y

The jacket 14 is provided with a connection 28 which is dividedbyfa bailie 30. a The exhaust gases are adapted topass into the j acket on the left'sid'e' of the baffle where they circulate around the chamber and leave the jacket on the right sideof the baffle.-

. In operation, the fluid which passesinto theinlet 6 from the carburetor comprises a mixture of air, va'porized fuel, and some entrained particles of unvaporized fuel, the lat ter usually consisting'of particles of relatively heavy fractions of oil. Upon contact withgth'e inclinedvanes of the lowermost plate, the mixture is swirled, thereby tending to throw the unvaporized heavy particles outwardly by centrifugal force. The mixture then tends to follow the general helical paths defined'by the vanes and because of the rotary motion thus imparted to the fluid, it is assured that all unvaporized particles will eventually be thrown out against the heated wall of the chamber before the mixture has traversed the entire distancefrom the inlet to the outlet. The mixture of vaporized fuel with the air, because of its small density, is not "acted uponby centrifugal :force to. so great an extent and it is freetopass through the spaces at the inner portions of the vanes or through the annular space 26. Any initially unvaporized particles which have been thrown against the heated wall are vaporized by the heat imparted by the acket and they pass upwardly through the annular space 26 and are then mixed with the vaporized fuel near the top of the chamber.

The invention is .applicable for practically complete vaporization at either high or low speeds. At high speeds, when the velocity of: the entering mixture is high, the centrifugal force is suflicient to throw out the unvaporized particles against the heated wall probably without traversing the full length of the swirling member. The vaporized particles are not substantially impeded in their flow to the intake manifold. At low speeds, when the velocity of the mixture is relatively low, the centrifugal force is less and the entrained unvaporized particles are retained by the helical conduits for a longer period. Because ofthe relatively low speed of the mixture, the resistance toflow is inappreciable. With a series of plates as shown inthe drawing, sufiicient rotary motion is imparted to the fluid to assure a practically complete segregation of the unvaporized fractions from the combustible mixture.

It will be seen that the invention, although I similar to that described in the Patent No. 1,809,375 above referred to, commends itself especially because of its simplicity of construction. The formation of the vane members and their attachment to the supporting rod may be effected simply and economically. Moreover, the invention offers the advantage that although the vanes are suflicient to cause rotation and turbulence of the mixture and dispersionof the heavy unvaporized particles by centrifugalforce, the structure is sufliciently open to permit nearly unobstructed passage of the vaporized fuel at high speeds.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed is: V V

l. A vaporizer for internal combustion motors comprising a chamber, means for heating the chamber, and a stationary swirling member in the chamber comprising a plurality of inclined wings radiating 'fromthe central axis of the chamber and forming genparticles against the heated wall of the chamber by centrifugal force. 1

3. A vaporizer for internal combustion motors comprising a chamber, means for heating the chamber, and a stationary swirling member in the chamber comprising a plurality .of plates at different levels within. the chamber, the plates being cut and bent to form inclined wings defining generally helical conduits for flow of the mixture through the chamber, the lowest plate being of a diameter to engage the inner walls of the chamber, and the other plates beingof less diameter to provide an annular clearance space through which vaporized fuel passes upwardly.

v In'testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

FRANCIS F. o Asri;

erally helical paths for flow of themixture fuel and air may freely pass upwardly. I

2. A vaporizer for internal combustion motors comprising a chamber, means for heating the V chamber,

a central support and a, plurality of stationary wings radiating at difierent points from the support and terminating within the chamber to form an annular space for unimpeded passage of the mixture, the wings being inclined to imp-art a rotary motion to the fluid to throw unvaporized heavy

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