US1857708A - Forging - Google Patents

Description

May 10, 1932. l BENEDETTO l 1,857,708

FORGING Filed Aug. 4, 1931 3 Sheets-.Sheet l 252 rre/va# May 10, 1932- G. BENEDETTO l`,857,708

FORGINCL.

Filed Aug. 4, 1931 -3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Illl May 10, 1932.

cs.v BENEDETTO 1,857,708

FORGING Filed Aug. 4, 1951 3 Sheets-Sheet S5 fw@ M Patented May 1o, 1932 umriss stares GIUSEPPE BENEDETTO, or NOVARA, ITALY, `AssrGNon To ,omits-HOLDING COMPANY 1 lement/.OFFICE LIMITED, F LONDON, ENGLAND, A., BRITISH COMPANY Application med August 4, 1931, serieu No.. 5551,12aand inA Great Britain June 1o, 1930.

' This invention comprises improvements in or relating to forging and has for its object to provide means Ywhereby enlargements may be upset and shaped upon blanks at a plu- 5 rality of positions along the length of the blank with a minimum of time and expenditure of heat energy. The employment of electricforging and upsetting machines is well known and-in prior United States patent application vSerial No. 481,334 there is described a 'machine in which blanks may be upset electrically so as to provide a plurality of enlargements at different points of their length, particularly at the ends, and the present in- 15 vention contemplates the employment of forgaforesaid patent application.

ing operations such as are described in the `According to the present invention af'die for forming two upset end `portions of a forging simultaneously comprises in combination die blocks for engaging the twoends of the forging, a holder to Vlocate the forging between the die blocks, yielding means forpsupporting the holder with a forgingV therein betweenthe die blocks .to permit the forging (with its holder) to be forced against one die block by pressure of the other dieblock. By this means it is possible to form, or perfect, a head or enlargement on the work by the contact thereof with'the movable die block at one end and the other die block at the other end simultaneously. The heads thus formed may be given suitable shapes by appropriately forming the die blocks as desired. y

' Preferably the holder takes the form of a work-'holding vice providedwith die-recesses for the purpose of shaping the exterior of the forging when the die blocks are brought intol Contact therewith.

The die may be formedv as an attachment die asl above; described and bringing both A ends of the forging toshape at the same time. i Preferably, the headsare upset by the upsetting apparatus on both ends of the blanks simultaneously, thev work being preferably `transferred from the upsetting apparatus to the forging die while'lstill hotr so that intermediate heating isrendered unnecessary.

The invention further relates to various i.,

constructional Vfeatures of the apparatus and details 'of the method, both of ywhich will now be described with reference'to a specific embodiment of the apparatus taken by Way of example only.

' The apparatus to be described is suitable for usein a forging press of ordinary construction' as an attachment thereto, but it will be understood that alspecial forging machine having the characteristics described couldl be employed if desired.

. In the accompanying drawings which illustrate said specific embodiment ofthe inventi'onl p i Y l .A

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a die. Figure 2 is a plan of the same, and

Figures 8 and 4 are `vertical sections upon' the line S-Biof `liigure `2,1showing the die in two operative positions..

A base plate 11 is provided for theiatta'chment, adaptedfto be secured upon the dieholding plate of a forging press.`

v Upon the plateare'two upstanding guide pillars 12, 13 and upon the guide pillars there is slidably mounted a rectangular steel viceframe which consists o'f side members 14, 15 united by cross members 16, 17. The viceframe rests upon a resilient rubber support as` hereinafter described, and-this permits it to yield under superimposed pressure. Two vice'jaws 18, `19,'are provided in the frame 14, 15. The jaw18 is shown fixed at one endof the frame'while the jaw 19 is slidable relatively thereto.v The vice jaws 18, `19 carryV removable die sections or gripping members 20, 2l which are recessed to conformwith the exterior of the forging to Y be produced and aresecured in the jaws by means of fixing screws 22. The underside of the iawslS, 19re`stsup'on three sliding pins 23 vwhich pass through-a die block 24 below the vice and through the base plate 11 into engagement with the yieldingly supported presser plate 25.

The presser plate 25 is supported upon a stack of rubber blocks 26, interspaced by washers 27 and carried at their bottom end upon a supporting tube 28 which is held up by a nut 29 on a central rod 30 which p-asses upwardly through the tube 28 and the rubber blocks 26. screwed to the 4underside of the base-plate 11. By means of the nut 29 the force exerted upwardly upon the pins 23 may be adjusted. It will be understood that this force is adequate to lift the vice-frame with the forging secured therein and the operating means for the vice jaw 21, against the action of gravity and hold it in the uplifted position spaced from the underlying die block'24.. The parts are shown in this position in Figure 4 of the drawings.

The die block 24 is formed with a removable central die 31 which is shaped to correspond with the form of the finished forging desired. It is secured to the base block 11 by means of bolts 32.

Above the vice is a movable die block 33 whichis intended to be shaped to conform with the other end of the desired forging (see Figure 3). zThe upper movable die block 33 is intended to be mounted in the movable head or ram of a forging press. Y

At` one end of the vice-frame there is mounted a( projecting framework which is bolted to the side members 14, 15 and consists of lower parallel bars 34, 35 and upper bars 36, 37 which serve to triangulate the construction and stiffen the support of the parallel bars 34, 35. y

In the-cross member 17 there is secured a bush 38 in which slides a ram 39 secured to the movable vice jaw 19. The ram 39, between the frame members 34, 35 is pivoted to a bent toggle lever 40, prolonged to form an operating arm the wholeof which is not shown in the drawings. The toggle lever 40 is pivoted at 41 to a pair of parallel links 42 and the Vlinks 42 are pivoted at 43 to a cross member 44 'carried by the frame members 34, 35.

It will be seen that the links 42 complete the ltoggle, or they may be regarded as the equivalent of a crank. It would be possible to substitute for the toggle a crank or an eccentric, which is the equivalent of a crank bearing upon the end of the ram 39 for the purpose of advancing the vice jaw without the intermediary of a toggle lever such as 40.

In operation of the method of forging ac.- cordingto the present invention a blank which may be destined to be formed, say, into a hub'for a bicycle wheel, is taken of a diameter equal to the central or body portion of the desired forging. A suliciency of metal is upset electrically at each end thereof simultaneously 1n a machine constructed as de- 'Ihe central supporting rod isA Lsaavos scribed in the aforesaid United States patent application Serial No. 481,334.

The piece with its ends still glowing red is rapidly taken and placed between the jaws 20, 21 o-f the vice which are brought together Y by operation of the lever 40 and grip the part between them.

Thereafter the movable forging head which carries the die 33 is brought down and depresses the part, together with Y`the vice 14, against the resilient pressure of the rubber blocks 26 until the part engages the lower die 24. Further movement of the dies towards one another ,causes the hot metal to be forced into the shape provided between the vice jaws and the dies.L If the initial upsetting has been conducted in such a manner as to provide the appropriate amount of metal the result is a true forging executed without waste in a single heat.

Upon release of the pressure of the upper die by raising the plunger of the press, the rubber blocks 26 raise the vice jaws 18, 19 into the position shown in Figure 4, and upon opening the'vice jaws by operation of the letively movable in a predetermined'path toward each other for engaging the two ends i ver 40 the finished piece can readily be reof the forging, a forging holder to position the forging between the die blocks, a supporting member, pillars disposed on opposite sides of saiddie blocks and extending parallel to the path of relative movement thereof, said pillars being carried by said supporting member, a pair of sleeve elements, each element being mounted for sliding movement on one'of said pillars, parallel guides carried by said sleeve elements and engaging said holder to support the latter for movement in a plane transverse to the path of relative movement of said pillars, and means yielding in the path of relative movement of said die blocks for normally supporting the holder with a forging therein between the die blocks, whereby the forging may be forced against one die block by pressure of the other die block.

`2. A die for forming twoupset end portions of a forging simultaneously,` comprising in combination, a pair of die blocks relativelymovable in a predetermined path toward each other for engaging the two ends of the forging, a forging holder to position the forgingv between the die blocks, said holder having relatively 'movable portions for gripping the forging therebetween, a supporting member pillars disposed on opposite sides of said die blocks and eX- tending parallel to the path of relative movement thereof, said pillars being carried by said supporting member, a sleeve element mounted for sliding movement on each pillar, parallel guides carried by said sleeve elements and engaging the portions of said holder to support the latter for relative movement in a plane transverse to the path of relative movement of said pillars, and means yielding in the path of relative movement of said die blocks for normally supporting the holder with a forging therein between the die blocks, whereby the forging may be forced against one die block by pressure of the other die block.

In testimony whereof I alix my signature.

GIUSEPPE BENEDETTO.

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