US1857664A - Treatment of gold and silver - Google Patents
Treatment of gold and silver Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1857664A US1857664A US402796A US40279629A US1857664A US 1857664 A US1857664 A US 1857664A US 402796 A US402796 A US 402796A US 40279629 A US40279629 A US 40279629A US 1857664 A US1857664 A US 1857664A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- gold
- silver
- solution
- iodide
- gms
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 34
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 title description 32
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 31
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 24
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 title description 24
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodide Chemical compound [K+].[I-] NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 20
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 7
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000002497 iodine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 150000003842 bromide salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 iodine anions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910001511 metal iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bromide Chemical compound [K+].[Br-] IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001622 calcium bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WGEFECGEFUFIQW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dibromide Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Br-].[Br-] WGEFECGEFUFIQW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- GBRBMTNGQBKBQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;diiodide Chemical compound I[Cu]I GBRBMTNGQBKBQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002344 gold compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IZLAVFWQHMDDGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold(1+);cyanide Chemical compound [Au+].N#[C-] IZLAVFWQHMDDGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004694 iodide salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JMANVNJQNLATNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxalonitrile Chemical group N#CC#N JMANVNJQNLATNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FJWLWIRHZOHPIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;hydroiodide Chemical compound [K].I FJWLWIRHZOHPIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003378 silver Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C1/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions
- C25C1/20—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions of noble metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/46—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of silver
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/48—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of gold
Definitions
- This invention relates in the first place to a method of bringing gold and silver into solution to provide liquors for electrolytic processes, such as the refining of the metal by electrolysis, or its deposition in electrolytic gilding 'andsilvering or gold and silver plating. or for other methods of gilding and silvering such as the dipping, boiling, contact and rubbing processes, or for the manufacture of gold and silver salts.
- the method consists in acting upon the metal with iodine in solution in, or in the presence of, a solvent for the iodide of the metal;
- the invention consists in acting upon gold and silver-with iodine dissolved in a solution of-oxygen-free iodine compound of the alkali or alkaline earth metals, with or without an addition of the soluble chlorides or bromides of the alkali or alkaline earth metals.
- a further development of the invention is a method of electrolysis of gold and silver, for example for the purpose of refining, in which the electrolyte employed is a solution of an oxygen-free iodine compound of the metal in an iodide of an alkali or alkaline earth metal.
- a typical example of the invention consists in the solution of gold and silver in the treatment of gold ores, or in dissolved commercial gold and silver for the purpose of further purification or forelectrol ic work.
- the metal shou d prefers ably be in the 'form of gold leaf or silverpowder to accelerate solution. 7
- a bath of the above stated composition one third of its gold content.
- the potassium iodide in the solutions may in-pa-rt be replaced by soluble chlorides or bromides, for instance of the alkali or alkaline earth metals.
- suitable cleaning preparations such as Vienna lime or the like may be added to the gold or silver solution to produce a cleaning paste.
- Gold and silver solutions produced according to the present process can also be used 8 to advantage in the gliding and silvering of porcelain since upon burning all the constit uents of the solution except the gold and silver vaporize.
- solutions prepared according to the present invention enable a considerable saving of current.
- the gold is present in the iodide as a monovalent ion, and hence only one third as much current is needed to deposit a given weight of gold as is re uired in the case of chloride solutions in whici the gold is usually a trivalent ion.
- the electrolytic action does not produce poisonous gases, as happens in the electrolysis of cyanide compounds, nor is the electrolyte 'liable to deterioration through oxidation at the anode even if it be vigorously stirred. Any iodine that may be formed during an electrolytic process employing insoluble anodes is immediately dissolved in thee ⁇ ;-
- an electrolyte composed according to the present in- 1 'vention of a solution of oxygen-free iodine compound has the advantage that the silver is deposited in a smooth adherent layer, and not in crystalline form as hap ns when silver nitrate is the electrolyte.
- l t has the same advantages over cyanide electrolytes as are explained above.
- the new electrolytes are of value both in refining the crude metal and also in electroplating.
- a bath of the following composition has been found suitable ⁇ Vater 1000 c. c.
- Iodide of silver (AgI) 40 gms.
- a method of preparing gold and silver which consists in forming an oxygen-free iodine compound of the metal, dissolving said compound in a solution of oxygen-free salts, of alkali or alkaline earth metals, and electrolyzing said solution.
- An electrolyte for the electrolytic separation of gold and silver consisting of a solution of the metal iodide in alkali iodide.
- a method of refining gold and silver which consists in electrolytically dissolving the same in and depositing it from a solution of its iodide.
- a method of refining gold and silver which consists in electrolytically dissolving the same in and depositing it from a solution containing only iodine anions.
- a method of electrolytically depositing old and silver in which solutions of iodides gold and silver which consists in passing an --electric current through a solution of an oxygen-free iodine compound of the metal containing only iodine anions.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE333462T | 1928-12-11 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1857664A true US1857664A (en) | 1932-05-10 |
Family
ID=31894905
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US402796A Expired - Lifetime US1857664A (en) | 1928-12-11 | 1929-10-26 | Treatment of gold and silver |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1857664A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| GB (1) | GB333462A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2558750A (en) * | 1943-07-19 | 1951-07-03 | Walter F Courtis | Production of divided metals |
| US3004903A (en) * | 1946-08-29 | 1961-10-17 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Anodizing method |
| US3334031A (en) * | 1964-05-18 | 1967-08-01 | Harvest Queen Mill & Elevator | High density bipolar electroplating electrolyte |
| US3495976A (en) * | 1964-12-22 | 1970-02-17 | Mo Z Vtorichnykh Dragotsennykh | Method of separating a layer of gold from a base of non-ferrous or rare metals or their alloys |
| US5137700A (en) * | 1987-07-02 | 1992-08-11 | Nelson H. Shapiro | Processes employing iodine-iodide etching solutions |
-
1929
- 1929-10-26 US US402796A patent/US1857664A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1929-10-30 GB GB32987/29A patent/GB333462A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2558750A (en) * | 1943-07-19 | 1951-07-03 | Walter F Courtis | Production of divided metals |
| US3004903A (en) * | 1946-08-29 | 1961-10-17 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Anodizing method |
| US3334031A (en) * | 1964-05-18 | 1967-08-01 | Harvest Queen Mill & Elevator | High density bipolar electroplating electrolyte |
| US3495976A (en) * | 1964-12-22 | 1970-02-17 | Mo Z Vtorichnykh Dragotsennykh | Method of separating a layer of gold from a base of non-ferrous or rare metals or their alloys |
| US5137700A (en) * | 1987-07-02 | 1992-08-11 | Nelson H. Shapiro | Processes employing iodine-iodide etching solutions |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB333462A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1930-08-14 |
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