US1857326A - Building construction - Google Patents

Description

May 10-, 1932.

A. B. PATTERSON BUILDING CONSTRUCTION v5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed oct. 18, 1928 Y W 1 J 0 am wl- :nl IHHH. I|||i nl Elin..- E?. ,ill liillilf, @j y@ K n u M; L WFM/,1 4 aw. i @Ni May l0, 1932.

A. B. PATTERSON` BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Filed 0G13. 18. 1928 5 sheets-sheet s VE il:

/fy/ed fai/emo Patented May 10, 1932 iT STATES vl'arleNi'I OFFICE ALFRED B. PATTERSON, OF TULSA, OKLAHOMA, ASSIGNOR TO PATTERSON STEEL COM- PANY, OF TULSA, OKLAHOMA, A CORPORATION -OF OKLAHOMA l BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Application. filed October 18, 1928'l Serial No. 313,228.

This invention relates to building construction, and has particular reference to standardized steel frame construction for residences, farm buildings, small buildings and the like wherein light commercial structural shapes are employed.

rlhis invention has to do with the application and erection of light commercial shapes with a minimum number of fastening elek ments which shapes are boltedV together The steel frame construction as contem-` plated by this invention comprises sills ar- 5 ranged on a foundation with studs secured to the sills, plates fastened to the studs for the iioors above the first door, and joists connected to the sills and plates for carrying the ini tervening load. All of the load therefore is Y transmitted through the joists to the plates and sills, and eventually to the Vsills making a very rigid, firm and readily adaptable frame construction for residences and small buildn object of the invention is to provide a steel frame construction for residences and the like comprising sills, studs and joists in which the various members are bolted t0- gether. c Another object of the invention is to pro- Vide a building construction for residences vand the like wherein theframe is constructed of light commercial steel shapes of standardized lengths and punchings. f n

A further obj ect of the invention is to provide a steel frame construction for residences and the like of light commercial steel shapes wherein sills are employed for carrying the load transmitted to the sills by the joist and studs. i

A still further objectof the invention is to provide a steel frame construction for residences and the like'wherein partitionwalls are framed in the frame structure thereby relieving the floor and ceiling from all loads.

A still further obj ect of the invention isto `provide a steel frame construction for residences and the liker wherein partition walls areframed in the framefstructure therebyy providing a vbracing tothe side walls of the` frame. Y

A still further objecteof the invention is vto provide a standardized unit steel frame construction for small buildings wherein the sills go, all around the room or frame.v c A still further object of the invention is to provide unit steel frame construction for residences and the like made of light commercial shapes bolted together. c i

Another and further object of the invention is to provide a standardized'unit steel frame construction for small buildings whereinuthe whole frame structure is carried by s1 s.

A yet .further object of the invention is to provide a standardized unitsteel frame construction for small buildings'of light commercial shapes bolted together and with hol` low partitions for heating and plumb-ing pipes, conduits and the like. y A

Another and yet further object ofthe invention is to provideV a standardized or unitv i steel frame construction for buildings which 1s economical to manufacture and erect and Vwherebya strong and rigid frame structure Figure 3 is a fragmental plan view of certain details of construction employed where a hollow partition of one width is connected to a hollow partition of a different width.

Figure 4 is a section on line lV-IV of AFigure 3.

A companying drawings shownas fastenedtoy gether by rivets. The use of rivets 1n the drawings is merely for the purpose of convenience 1n making the drawings as the 1nvrvention contemplates the use lof boltslfor i studs.

side of the sills, that is with the flanges'6 of e kfastening together the lstructural shapes as beingquicler and'more efficient for the purpose, although rivets may if desired be used. The characteristic feature f this inven- `tion resides inthe use of sills l which are placed on the foundation with one of the flanges 2 resting on the foundation and the web 3 on the outside and the flanges directed inwardly, Studs 4 of light channel shape.

are bolted .to the webs 3 ofthe sills l by bolts V,5 passing through properly punched'holes in the webs 3 of the sills and correspondingly punched holes in oneof thel flanges 6 of the The studs are arranged on the outthe studs bolted to the webs?) of the sills.

Punchings in the flangesG of the studs 4 are 4all gauged from the lower ends `of the studs so that the secc-nd and third floors yof I the building will be level and even. All ofthe frame construction of this invention are allY gauged lfrom the same ends of the shapes so various connnercial shapes employed in the as to provide a standardized unitary construc- 4tionfwhereby frame erection may be expedited. A

' i The sills l make affranie having lan outline which 'is that .of `the foundation. The studs f4 are placed at regular intervals about thel sillslo'r arranged vtoperrnit openings at defsired intervals in the sides of building.

A Joists 7 of light channel or beam section are fastend to the sills 1 by angle plates 8 and bolts9. The bolt holes in,V the angle plates 8 are all gauged properly as are the 'bolt holes in the joists and the webs 3'of the -sills l. This construction enables 'erectors to very quickly assemble the frame structure in the proper manner.

The. sills Awhich .are employed .are seven i inch channels while the studs 4 are' four inch channels. lThe Ajoists 7 are for the ,mosti part` seven inch Channels@ beams altheug'li whereever occasions demand other size joists may be used.

TheV sills 1 having been fastened together are then leveled so that the sill structure is perfectly even and level. Consequently the studs 4 attached to the sills will have the punchings in the flanges of said studs in such positionthat the plates l0 when bolted to the Vstuds 4 for the second floor of the building will be v even and-level.

The plates l0 are bolted tothe Studs 4 by bolts passing through the webs of the plates and the flanges 6 of thestudsin the same manner as the sills are attached. The plates are for the most part of seven inch channel section.

Thecorner@destruction of the invention iS lshown in Figures 1,6'and 8j and is as follows:

yThe webs Bjof the ysills 'l are punched as are the flanges 6 of the corner studs yand the bolts fasten the studs to the sills at the corner as shown in Figures l, 6, and 8. An angle plate l1 is bolted to the outsides of the webs of the corner studs 4 thus making a rigid construction at the corners of the building.

Figure l Shows first floor joist 7 and a second floor joist 12 which are out of vertical alignment. Wherever the partitions for the second `and subsequent floors are out of alignment with the partitions for the first Hoor than Suitable jOStS are inserted for Clirectlly suppcrtlng the partition Wells of the several floors'. The studs 4 extend. from the sills l up to the upperplates ofthe building to which` upperplatesthe roof structure is fastened, Itmay s o'happenthat in the second or third story of a building different sized openings are desired than inthe first licor in which event certain of the, studs say la in the Figure l 'have the upper ends cut Off flush with the uppllfmg@ 0f th Pilat@ and -a second floor' stud 4b is attached to ythe plate 1.0 and rises t0 the plate or plates of subsequent floors.

Figure 2 is a partial floor plan ofthe first `-floor* steel construction of a frame constructed in. accordance with this invention. The plan is somewhatsehematic in form 'but nevertheless illustrates Several features of the'nvention. It will fbe observed that'al'l ofthe studs 44 as before stated are attached to the outsides 'of the sills l so that when the outer finishing material such wood, metal, laths,. walljboardor the like Ais z ittacl-ied air spaces will be formed between the outer finish and the inner finish which is secured inwardly of the jf walls formed by the studs 4. 'flheseair spaces serve a double purpose in that the same aid in protecting the interior of theihouse from climatic changesandalso as means for receiving the condn-tsjforthe electric Wires and perhaps heatngand/Or Phimbins PPGS- It 'has been f 0nn-dtl1at-in erecting huildingsf embodying .the eonstlnctom 0f this nrentien where plumbing is used ,or het air lues are employed a hollow partition of seven inches 'is required for the cast liron soil pipes. n Figure 2 shows a hollow partition B which f eXtends from the first floor of the frame structure up as high as the soil pipes or heating liues are carried. The partition B in Figure 2 is formed by sills 1 extending transversely of the building and spaced by vertically disposed channels of seven inches in width as shown at 13 and 14.

Figure 9 shows the connection of the various structural elements to form the connection designated A9 in Figure 2. It will be observed that one of the sills 1 extends from side to side of the frame structure whereas the other one terminates at the stud 14. The stud 14 being a seven inch stud naturally spaces the two sills seven inches apart thus forming a hollow partition-or wall of seven inches in width. A four inch stud 15 is bolted to the transversely extending sill 1 and also to the sill 1a completing the transverse sill construction at this part of the building.

Joists in Figure 2 are designated at 7a, 7b, 7c and 7d. The several joists are connected to the sills in the manner heretofore describedV that is by use of angle plates S bolted by belts 9 to the joists 7 and the sills 1.

Figure 5 is a fragmental plan view of the joint made at A5 in Figure 2 where asil-l 1e extends inwardly to meet a headed joist 1b which headed joist and sills are connected by an angle plate 16 shown in Figure 5. A )01st 7c is attached to headed joist 1b by an angle plate 17 bolted to the sill and to the joist.

Figure 7 shows the construction at point A7 of Figure 2 wherein the joist 7 a is fastened to an end sill- 1. Here an angle plate 18 is employed which plate is reversed as to position from that shown in Figure 5 and is bolted to the joist and to the sill.

Figure 3 is a fragmental plan view of a connection where a seven inch hollow wall C is connected to hollow walls D and E of four inches in width. It is believed that the construction cf the parts is obvious having in mind the description heretofore made of some of the other connections employed in the steel construction of this invention.

The partitions formed by the arrangement of the studs as hereindescribed serve as braces for the side walls of the structure thereby adding to the rigidity of the same.

The interior linish which may be readily applied to the studs of a frame construction in accordance with this invention may be of any sort such as lath, metal lath, wallboard, or the like.

Allof the structurall parts entering into a frame construction for a building are as before stated cut to proper lengths and the bolt holes are punched in accordance with gauges measured from the same ends of the several parts. This assures proper fit of all of the parts. and also a level construction of the second and subsequent floors of the building.

.It will be observed that by the construction of this inventionv everything is anchored to the sillsjso that when the sills are leveledthe whole'structure is level and even'. The studs being fastened to the sills makes a -`rigidstruc-l 'tur-e preventing movement of thebuilding in the wind and prevents uneven settling..k It

thewebs ofthe sills and plates by bolts passing through the llanges ofthe studs. It is believed that this manner of fastening the "studs to the sills and'plates has never heretofore been` applied. It has been found that such structure provides a very rigid, secure and strong frame.. The construction of this like as the parts used are `of standard commercial shapes, light in weight and veryA readily laid out to accommdate the several'A as Yparts to any type, kind andarrangementof v building, as desired. Itl will furtherbe observed that employing sills the whole structure is carried on thefoundationwithout the y use of supporting posts in the basement.

This feature is an addedadvantage in that it leaves the basement freeof all posts thus enabling the arrangement of the basement as Y desired. Y p Y Asbefore stated Figure 1 is somewhat schey of this invention inthe same manner as it is' carried iny wood frame structures that is the studs are attached yto the sills and plates and` thegoists'are fastened to the plates and sills.L

It is believed that fastening the studs to the webs of the sills makes a stronger con- .will be kobserved that the studs are boltedto v.inventim also v-ery readily lends itself to arrangement of rooms',v halls, partitionsv and the v struction than if the studs were placed endi wisel on the upper flanges of the sills and ns bolted thereto by angle plates.

The gist of the invention resides in the use of sills and plates fastening the studs to the webs of the sills and plates and fastening the joists to the sills and plates. This construc-v tion ties together all of the structural parts providing a rigid and secure frame construction.

It is noted that all of the structural parts l employed in this frame construction comprise channel members of four and seven inches in width so that a fabricator need carry in stock channels of only the two widths together with the necessary angle plates whereby the saine may be readily and quickly fabricated after receiving the plans of a building.

,heastenng 0f. the-Hang@ Qfthe Studs @gansrwebsfofrhe ellsndplaes, provides 'feletr'sufa Contact between these membersthan if fastener by flange to, f1a1.(.fe,v 11e 5 lsirlting in a more rigid'eonstru'etion'ol' Viframe. i lWhiledet/ails of the invention vhave been Y 'described more `or less preeiseliit is to be 'understood' that Changes 'may bemldein the arrangement and proportion. YAof parts l and gio that Le'qiiivalents and materials of other sizes may besubstituted, lall Without departing 'from the .spirit and seope of this invention. 'jlelai'my as invention: i

ll. ssteel frame corner construction for a '45 frame of the character herein described in- `elud'ingchannel sill members arranged'edge f With the .Webs of the sill members *'ote'rmost, the meeting edges of the flanges 'offfsaild sills being mitered; a stud arranged 2go i.ilfith one of itsv flanges in Contact With the Web i fof oneofI said sills at the end thereof and jbolted to'the'web of said sill by bolts passing throgh said Web and the contacting flange ofisaid stud, a, second stud arranged With one agb' of itsflanges Vin Contact With the VWeb of the i' other sill at said corner and bolted to the Web o'ffsaid'sillby vbolts passing through the contae'tiiig'flange of said seCond stud and the 'Web'f saidv second sill, the studs being arl Y ranged with the flanges thereof directed away 'from the angle formed'by the Webs of said y studsfand an angle plate bolted to the Webs -ofsaid vstuds in the angle opposite to the angle formed lby the meeting ends of the sills'.

gaa QQA steel frame corner construction inycln'zdin channel sill members arranged edge- Wise With the flanges thereof mitered-a stud Vbolted to the Webof one sill member and a lstd bolted to the Web of the otherl sill with ign the flanges of said studs'directe'd away'from the corner, and angle plates bolted to said studs to hold same together. f

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed' my name at Tulsa, Tulsa County, 45 Oklahoma. 1 y A ALFRED B. PATTERSON.

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