US1856587A - Fan - Google Patents

Description

May 3, 1932. L. mi PERSONS FAN Filed June 8, 1929 2 Sheets-Shea?l May 3, 1932. L. M. PERSONS FAN 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June 8, 1929 Patented May 3, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE LAURENCE M. PERSONS, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, .ASSIGNOR T0 EMERSON ELECTRIC MANUFACTURING C0., OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, A CORPORATION OF MISSOURI FAN Application led .Tune 8, 1929. Serial No. 369,333.

My invention relates to a fan, and particularly to a motor driven fan. One purpose is the provision of a compound fan in which a plurality of fan members are rotated in opposite directions. Another object is the provision of a fan motor in which the armatureand eld of the motor are both rotatably mounted, and rotate in opposite directions, and both carry fan blades or elements. Another object is the elimination of the spiral effect caused by the usual type of single disc fan. Another object is the creation of lzo a breeze which has a greater penetration for a given power input. Another object is quietness in operation obtained as a result of slow speed. Another object is the provision of a greater delivery of air by a fan of given diameter. Other objects will ap pear from time to time in the course of the specification and claims.,

I illustrate my invention more or less diagrammatically in the accompanying drawings, wherein- Figure l is an elevation along the axis of the fan, with parts broken away; and

Figure 2 is a section on the line 2-2 of Figure l.

Like parts are indicated by like symbols throughout the specification and drawings.

Referring to the drawingsherein it will be understood that although I have shown the fan mounted on an adjustable bracket, such as may be used for furnace fan operation, I do not wish to be tlimited to such use, as the fan may be applied for example to desk, ceiling or ventilation use. Y,

Referring to the drawings, A generally indicates any suitable base member, the central hub or support A1 and the round engaging members A2.. A8 is a stem or tube upwardly projecting from the central hub A1. At its upperend, as in Figure l, is indicated the locking ,or adjusting sleeve A which is slidable up and down the member A3 but which may be set at any desired position therealong, as by the locking screws A5. It may include or have associated with it the adjusting segment A", clearly indicated in' Figure 2 which has the single pivot aperture A7, and the plurality of adjusting apertures ploy the single hollow bearing shaft B which is mounted within' the hub B1 with its terminal aperture housing or shield including a portion B2 perpendicular to the axis of the shaft B and the cylindrical circumferential flange B3. B4 B4 indicate any suitable locking members or screws, Whereb the members B and B1 ma be held agalnst relative movement. B5 indlcates a fiat part or projection from the end of the member B1 which is apertured as at B6 to receive the adjusting screw A9 which in turn may be inserted at choice in any one of the adjusting apertures A8 of the segment A6. Any desired' pivotal securing and supporting means may be employed for securing the member B1 in relation to the aperture A7 of the segment whereby the entire motor and fan device may be rotated about the center A" for adjustment -in fixed relation to any one of the apertures below described. The ends of the shaft B I are closed as by the screws C@ C7. The screw is provided with a readily extended head of a diameter greater than the outside diameter of the shaft B, the purpose of this extension being later discussed.

Referring to the motor proper the field structure is generally indicated as D. It includes the bearing hub D1 with the inner oil'- ing space D2 aligned with the aperature C* and the oiling passages D5. The hub rotates about the shaft B one end abutting `against the washers or packings De which are between the hub D1 and the inward projection D7 of the hub B1. D8 indicates other washers or packings or anti-friction members positioned at the opposite end of the hub D1. D9 is an outwardly extending web upon which is sup-y ported the frame portion proper D1o to which is bolted or secured the eld wiring or coils generally indicated as D11. These may be secured as by the stud D12 with its nut D12. D1* is an extension of the web from the opposite direction, to which is secured the nonconductive disc Di upon which are mounted the contact rings D1".

The armature includes a hub E1 corresponding to the hub D1 and having an inner oiling aperture E2 with its oiling ducts'Es.

The hub is confined between'the washers Ds and the terminal washer E1,the screw head' CT serving to maintain the hubs D1 and E1 in position on the shaft B. E is a cap which rotates with the hub E1 and ysurrounds the f screw C" and protects the washer E. lEu

indicates an outer frame and web member pro]ecting from the hub E1 and terminating in the circumferential flange E7 which closely y approaches the cylindrical portion D1o of the field assembly D. EB diagrammatically indicates the wiring of the armature.

Since the electrical details of the motor do not ofv themselves form part of the present invention I am making no detailed showing` of the wiring or circuit. It will be observed from Figure l that I may employ brushes or contacts G G1 with the supporting member G2 which may be secured to or associated with the frame extension B2 of the hub B1. These brushes G G1 are'in contact with the conductive segments or rings D1. G8 G* indicate conductive lines extending to any suitable power source.

Mounted on the field assembly, as u on the abutments H are a plurality of fan e ements H1, in Figure 1 indicated as three in number. Mounted on the corresponding abutments H of the armature assembly are fanmembers H2, shown in Figure 1 as two in number. T ltiehfans H1 H1 are indicated as opposite in pi c It will be realized that whereas I have described and shown a practical and operative device, nevertheless many changes mightV be made in the size, shape, number and disposition of parts without departing from the pirit of my invention. I therefore wish my escription and showing to be taken as in a broad sense illustrative and diagrammatic rather than as limiting me tomy specific showing.'

The use and operation of my invention are as follows:

I illustrate a motor in which the field structure and the armature structure are both mounted for rotation about a. shaft B. It will be understood that the torque produced by, the motor causes the armature to revolve in one direction and the field in the other, the fan blades H1 and H3 being itched in opposite directions. Each set of lades assists the other in producing a current of air, but the spiral effect which is created by the usual type of single disc fan is elimii delivery of air can be greatly reduced. Each set of blades is driven at, say, half the number of rotations per minute of the ordinary fan employin a. single set gof blades. The reduction in t e speed of the motor and the reduction in the speed of. rotation of the fan members themselves results in a very quiet operation. Y

A greater delivery of air is produced by a fan of given diameter. The spiral effect, which is a limiting factor in the simple disc or single fan settype, is eliminated.

The device' herein shown is easily lubricated and the wear on the moving parts is greatly reduced. In the first place, the speed of rotation is cut in half. In the second lace by employin the hollow shaft B as the earsupport, am able tb employ it to deliver luricant, through the apertures C* C, to the spaces D2 and E2. The inclined ducts D5 and E2 deliver the lubricant to the antifrictional washers De Ds and E, and to the outer face of the shaft B. The result is a thorough lubrication with a minimum o heating and upkeep. v

In the (particular form of fan herein shown ready a justment is provided for the anle of the fan and the height of the fan. he fan assembly :nay be verticall adjusted on the shaft A. It may be rotate about the shaft A2. And its angle may be varied from the horizontal, as by varying its angle of attachment to the segment A.

In my drawin I have illustrated fans of the centrifu a type. It is characteristic of the fan bla es which I employ that they will take air at an. velocity and add velocity to it. I am there y enabled to employ two sets of members, one boosting the other. The centrifugal type of fan is particularly efficient if used in a duct, as in air heating systems, sincev it has the characteristic of building up pressure. When used in a duct, as contrasted to the use of the ordinary screw propeller, it will load up rather than unload and increases its efficiency, as compared to its eiliciency in the open. The angle of the fan elements increases from tip to center. The fan blows air back over the motor and the motor what wouldhave been a vacu-V um, resulting in an increase in the etliciency of theblades. The fan blades may he set at an angle of more than degrees to the transverse plane.'

A particularly important application of my device isto the delivery of air through conduits or passages,V as for example in the -conduits or passages employed in hot air heating systems. I have not indicated such 'conduits in the drawings, as their details are Wellunderstood and it is thought that such illustration is unnecessary.

I claim:

l.. A motor driven fan structure which includes a motor armature and a motor field adapted fors'imultaneous rotation in oppo- 'site' directions,and fan elements at opposite ends of the motor structure carried on and simultaneously rotated with both armature and ield.

- 2.- A motor driven fan structure which in cludes a motor armature and a motor iield adapted for simultaneous rotatie-n in opposite directions, and fan element-s simultaneously actuated by both armature and field, the armature and field structures each including frame elements to which the tan elements are secured,

3. A motor driven fan structure which includesg'a motor' armature and a motor ield adaptedor simultaneous rotation in opposite directions, and fan elements directly mounted upon said armature and ield structures. d

fi.l A motor driven fan structure which includes a normally xed bearing shaft, a motor armature rotatable about said shaft,

a motor field rotatable about said shaft, and

apdelements carried on both armature and v 5. A motor driven fan structure which includes a support, a bearing shaft, a motor armature structure rotatable about the shaft,

a motor iield structure rotatable about the shaft, and fan elements mounted on both armature and'tield structures, contact members mounted on the field structure and brushes opposed thereto, said brushes being normally fixed in relation to the support.

6. Aniotor driven `fan structure which includes a motor. armature structure and a motor field structure adapted for simulta neous rotation in opposite directions, and fan elements associated with the amature structure and the eld structure respectively,

said elements being of opposite pitch, a normally iixed shaft on which said armature and eld structures are mounted, a support to which said shaft is secured and means for l adjusting said shaft in Yrelation to said support.

motor field structure adapted :for simulta- 7. A motor driven ian structure which A includes a motor armature structure anda.

neous rotation in opposite directions, and fan elements associated with the armature structureand the ield structure respectively, said elements being of opposite pitch, a normally ixed shaft on which said armature and `i'ield structures are mounted, a'support to which said shaft is secured and means for angularly adjusting said shaft in relation to said support.

8. A motor driven fan structure which includes a motor armature .structure and a motor eld structure adapted for simultaneous rotation in opposite directions, and fan elements associated With the' armature structure and the field structure respectively, said elements being of opposite pitch, a normally xed shaft on which said armature and said elements being of opposite pitch, a noru' mally fixed shaft on `which said armature and eld structures are mounted, 'a support tol which said shaft is secured and means for vertically adjusting said shaft in relation to said support. .f

Signed at St. Louis, State of Missouri, this 28th day of May i929. Y

LAURENE M. PERSONS.

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