US1856405A - Apparatus for finishing machine parts or elements - Google Patents

Description

May 3; 1932.

F. J. SIKOROVSKY APPARATUS FOR FINISHING MACHINE PARTS OR ELEMENTS Filed June 20, 1928 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. 7 Funk 1 lsi/rorov ATTORNEY.

May 3, 1932. F. .1. SIKOROVSKY APPARATUS FOR FINISHING MACHINE PARTS 0R ELEMENTS Filed June 20, 1928 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 R v m m WW w Wu H O r w 5 J M P y 1932- F. J. SIKOROVSKY 1,856,405

APPARATUS FOR FINISHING MACHINE PARTS OR ELEMENTS Filed June 20, 1928 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 IN V EN TOR.

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Patented May 3, 1932 PATENT FFICE FRANK J. SIKOROVSKY, F JACKSON, MICHIGAN APPARATUS FOR FINISHING MACHINE PARTS OR ELEMENTS Application filed June 20,

I This invention relates to an apparatus for finishing machine parts or elements, and has to do especially with a machine for drilling, reaming, milling or tapping and counterboring, or performing similar operations on machine parts, notably among which are parts forked in construction and which require finishing operations on two or more forks." While forkedformed parts are specifically referred to, the machine is nowise limitedto finishing .these, as it is entirely feasible to finish other types of parts.

The invention contemplates an apparatus designed to perform several operations upon a machine part at a saving of time required by the several operations, and in thiszregard the apparatus is arranged-to start atleastone operation so that these two operations are performed in part in the same time period. The invention also contemplates anapparatus which. involves a number of adjustment features bymeans of which someof the operations, such as the milling, can be nicely governed even though the milling wheels may have been reduced in over-all diameter by reason of being sharpened; also the invention contemplates a machine the general structure of which permits of easy access to the several driving parts, and this permits of readily changing the gearing ratio from the source of power to the several driven parts. Other objects of the invention will become apparent as the description progresses, and by referring to the accompanying drawings wherein: I

Fig. 1 is a front elevational view of the machine showing the several mechanisms for acting upon a piece of work held by the machine; I

. Fig. 2 is a rear elevation of the apparatus with some parts cut away showing the driv- 7 ing construction for the work-positioning means.

- Fig. 3 is an end elevation taken from the left side of Fig. 1 with some of'the parts cut away showing various details of construction.

Fig. 4 is a partial side elevation taken from the? right hand side of Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken substantially on line 55 of Fig. 2.

1928. Serial No. 286,843.

Figs. 6 to 10 inclusive are somewhat diagrammatic views illustrating various operations which the machine is capable of performing on different types of machine elements; Fig. 6 illustrating the drilling, milling and reaming of a forked shaped element; Fig. 7 illustrating the drilling, countersinking, milling and tapping of a clamp-like element; Fig. 8 illustrates operations which can be performed on a plurality of forked members; Fig. 9 illustrating work which can be performed on a single piece element; Fig. 10 illustrating how a wide forked member may be milled, drilled and counter-sunk.

The apparatus consists of a suitable frame or standard 1, and the source of power for operating the apparatus may take the form of an electric motor 2 advantageously mounted on top of the standard. The main drive shaft is shown at 3 and a suitable chain drive 4 may be provided for establishing a driving connection between the motor and the main drive shaft. Milling cutters, three in number, are shown at 5 and are mounted upon shaft 6.

The shaft 6 is rotated from the main driving shaft 3 in the manner illustrated in Fig. 3. In this figure it will be observed that the gear wheel 7 is mounted upon the shaft 6 and meshes with gear 8 on pin 9. Also on the pin 9 is a second gear wheel 10, the teeth of which mesh with the teeth of gear 11 keyed to the main driving shaft 3. The gear wheel 8 is freely rotatable on the pin but is connected to the gear 10 to be positively rotated thereby, as by means of pins 12. It will thus be seen that as the main drive shaft rotates, the gear 11 rotates gear 10, which in turn is pinned to gear 8 which in turn meshes with gear 7 on the milling cutter shaft. This construction affords for quickly changing the gear ratio between the drive shaft and the milling cutter shaft. The gear 11. and gear 10 may remain fixed on the shaft and pin, respectively, while gears 8 and 7 are readily removable so that another set may be put in their place designedto change the gear ratio. Thus this change does not affect the permanent association of gears between the main drive shaft 3 and pin 9.

Referring again to Fig. 1, the drill is shown at suitably supported upon a shaft 16. This shaft 16 is also rotated through a gear train connecting the same with the main drive shaft 3, as shown in Fig. 3. This gear to the manner ,'.of connection between the gears 8 and 10.

- a center'so that adjustment of the spindle 29 V This provides between the main drive shaft and the spindle 16, and the change is accomplished by removing gear Y20 and inserting a difierent sized gear in its place. If a larger gear takes its place the spindle 19 will have to be retracted from gears 17 and 21 in order to obtain proper meshing of the gear teeth, while on theother hand, if a smaller gear takes its place the spindle 19 will have to be placed closerto the gears 17 and 21, and for-this purpose the spindle 19 is carried by a bracket 23 havingan elongated opening by means of which it is supported upon a stud 24. By

' loosening the stud the bracket can be properly adjusted to obtain the proper of the teeth of the gears.

Again referring to Fig. 1, the reaming tool is-shown at 25, and is positioned in a manner opposed to-the drill 15, and. this reamer is-carried by a shaft 26. The shaft 26, is rotated by the means shown in Fig. 4

meshing which means consists" of chain 27 operating over a sprocket on the main drive shaft, and

a sprocket 28 on spindle 29. Also onthe spindle is-a gear 30, held toturn with sprocket 28 by slip pins 30a. An intermediate gear 31 mesheswith gear 30 ,and gear 32 on the reamer shaft 26. The spindle 29 is mounted in an arcuate slot 33, and likewise the gear 31is carried bya stud 31a, also mounted in the slot. A speed ratio change can thus be effected by changing gears 30 and .731 for gears ofdifferent sizes. Both of these gears may be changed, or only one may begchanged. It will be noted that when such a change is made the spindle 29 and stud 31a will have to be changed in position to effect stud 31a inthe slot 33. This slot has a curvature which is on an arc around the shaft 3 as does not effect thejadjustment of chain 27.

f In the 'normaloperation of the, machine the, milling cutters, the drill and the reamer continuously rotateand thework is heldin the machine: and moved to various positions in timed relation tothe advancing move- The work for a change of gear ratio tion with the 'frame,fas shown in Fig. 5.

.Mounted on this table is a suitable Workholder 41 which may besecured to the table by suitable bolts or the like. This workholder has a suitable socket for receiving and holding a piece of work which is referenced 42. This work-holder includes an adjusting screw 43 upon which the work rests, the screw being adjustable vertically to vary the position of the work in the holder, and the pertinence of this adjustment will be. later brought out. Suitable'means are provided for holding the work in the socket as by means ofa rotatable cam element 44 having a cam surface 45 (Fig. 3) arranged to contact with and urging the workholder plunger 46 tightly against the work to holdit in the socket.

The various movements of the drill. and

reamer are controlled by arotating cam previously described in connection with gears 20 and 8, thus not disturbing the driving connection between gears 17 and 51.

The shaft54 rotates continuously during the operation of the machine, and thisshaft extends through a' sleeve worm 55 (Fig.2).

This worm meshes with the worm gear 56 fixed to shaft, 57 upon which the cam 50 is mounted (Fig. 5). Slidablym'ounted upon the shaft is a clutch sleeve 60, and this sleeve and the sleeve worm have cooperating engaging teeth 61 and 62, and thesl-eeve is formed with a, collar 63 inwhichfits stud 64 of a controlling handle 65. The clutch sleeve is keyed to the shaft whereas the worm sleeve is free to rotate relative to the shaft. It will be seen therefore thatwhen the controlling handle is'op'erated'to engagethe clutch parts 61 and 62*that the cam wheel vproper mesh of the gear teeth. This is-acrotated' I V 2 There is a rocker arm (Fig. on shaft 71, one end of which is in engagement with the cam wheel, 'andthe other end of which is in engagement with the work table to lift the same. The end of the arm in engagement with the cam wheel'may be provided with a roller 72 positioned for contact with cam,

73 andthe cam wheel (Figs. 2 and 'As viewed in Fig.2, thezcam wheelfrotates in a clockwise direction, and as thecam 73 rocksthe arm 70 the table is-iliftedi The lower end of the'table is provided with-a screw adjustment member 74 with which the adjacent end of the rocker arm 7 0 contacts for adjustment purposes, the purpose of which will presently be emphasized.

This cam wheel also advances the drill and 'reamer in proper timed relation, and to permit of this the drill-holding shaft (Fig. 1) is disposed within the sleeve 80, having a rack construction in engagement with a gear toothed segment 81 keyed to rocker shaft 82. Also keyed to the rocker shaft 82 is an arm 83 provided with a roller at its end which cam element 83a is designed to contact and actuate. A spring 84 normally holds the drill retracted and for the purpose of advancing and retracting the drill-holding shaft, the gear wheel 16a is slidably mounted upon the shaft. The ream-carrying shaft 26 is also disposed within a sleeve 90 provided with a rack construction in engagement with segment 91 on shaft 92, with the shaft carrying an arm 93 positioned for engagement to be actuated by cam element 93a. The ream-carrying shaft 26 is normally held retracted by the spring 94, and is slidable relative to sprocket 32. i

As thus far described the operation is as follows:

The motor being continuously running rotates continuously the milling cutters 5, the drill 15 and reamer 25. The operator places the machine element to be acted upon by'the machine in the work-holder, clamps the same therein'and then by means of the lever 05 engages the clutch parts 61 and 62. This sets the cam wheel into motion, the same rotating in a clockwise direction viewing Fig. 2. The position of rest is shown in Fig. 2. As the cam wheel rotates cam element 73 first rocks the arm this raises the work, table and advances the work up between the milling cutters which machines the work to size and removes excess metal.

As the cam element 73 drops the work table back to its position of rest, cam element 83a has advanced to a point where it engages arm 83, and rocks the shaft 82 to thus feed the drill 15 into the work thus drilling a hole in each fork of the work. At about the time when the cam element 83a moves past arm 5 a material saving of time is effected thereby.

The cam elements 83a and 93a are positioned onthe cam wheel to effect this tlfllfit relation. Following the reaming action may he again desirable to mill the work to remove any burr which may be left by the drilling and reaming operatlons. For this purpose normal work position.

a cam element 73a is carried by the cam wheel, and this cam element is in alignment with cam element 73 so that the work table is again raised for a short time and the work given a final milling operation. This concludes one cycle of operations and the cam wheel is back to the position shown in Fig. 2.

It is preferable to provide for automatically stopping the machine at the conclusion of each cycle of operations, or one complete rotative movement of the cam wheel. For this purpose there is provided on the cam wheel a projection 100 designed for contact with rod 101 slidably held, and one end of which is designed for contact with a lever 65, viewing Fig. 2. As the lever 65 is actuated to engage the clutch the rod 101 is urged from left to right toward the cam wheel. However, as the cam element 78a passes roller 72, this being the last operation in the cycle, the projection 100 kicks the rod 101 to the left, which in turn contacts with lever 65 and opens the clutch.

By reason of the construction of the cam wheel and the elements carried thereby, the several operations may be performed at differenttimes, and some are optional. It will be noted by reference to Figs. 3 and 5, that the cam wheel has three distinct parts lying in as many planes, one for the rocker arm and one for each operating arm for the drill and reamer. These cam elements, shown in Fig. 2, are attached to the cam wheel by means of bolts 105. For example, the cam element 73a. may be omitted to eliminate the final milling operation which follows the reaming out of the drilled openings.

The machine may be equipped with a suitable oiling system such as a pressure oil flow for the milling cutters, the drill and the reamer, but this is not shown in detail as it has no particular bearing upon the present invention, it being suflicient to mention the shaving and drain pan, as shown at 106 and oil pipe 107, which returns the oil to the oil feed.

Several different types of operations of the machine which can be performed, are shown in Figs. 6 to 10. For example, in Fig. 6, there is showna forked member of the type considered in the above description of the machine, showing this forked member in The first operation is the movement of the forked member up between the several milling cutters whereupon it drops back into the position shown; the drill 15 then drills the holes into the forks, and as the drill retracts the reamer 25 moves forward and reams the holes, and then finally the work may be again moved up between the milling cutters for a final milling operation.

milling, and tapping a piece of work such as a clamp. At a there is shown a twostage drill and counterbore, and opposed to it a tap a. As the combined drill and counterbore is retracting the tap moves in. The

milling cutters are shown at 5a.

- With a piece of work of this nature the advantages of having the work table and workholder adjustable become apparent. The

milling operation with a piece of work of this ever, this 'does not disturb the position of the.

table at rest or when it is holding the work for the operations of the drill and reamer'because inthis position the table rests upon set screw 111. The set screw 111 is also adjustable so that different pieces of work can be properly positioned for the drill and reamer. This is a major adjustment and a minor adjustment for height of lift of the work resides in screw 13 in the work-holder.

' In Fig. 8 is depicted a view which: illustrates how two forked members 1212 canbe held by the machine, the same at this timebeing provided'with two sets of milling cutters 5b, and opposed'drills 15b. The work may be first milled then drilled, and the burr left .by-the drills, ifany. may be removed byithe final milling operation.

In Fig. 9 there is depictedwork which requires two drilled holes. This work is shown at 420 and consists of a single piece, the milling cutters being at 50', and two opposed drills 15m The first operation may be tOfllft the work to mill it; the second operation may drop the work partially so that as oneof the drills advances, the opening 112 is drilled through the work; afterthe drill has retracted the, work is again dropped for the other drill to provide opening 113. This may be accomplished, as will be readilyunderstood, by providing a two-stage camrelement in the place of cam'element73fso that the work is first raised to its full height and then dropped down partially by the'twoe entirely. V

stage'cam, and finally dropping off the cam In, Fig. 10 there is diagrammatically 'shownthe manner in which an extraordinarily wide forked-member can be drilled. This forked member is shown, at 42d,'and the opposed drills 15 61 with two sets of milling cut ters50l. L The work may be first elevated and milled and then dropped back into the position shown in 10 whereupon the two drills may advance simultaneously. If desired, a final milling operation may be had. The work may be counterbored by providing the drills with counterboring elements 114 and 115.

These are samples of the work which may be performed on this machine It will be understood that this is exemplary only and that other work canvbe performed thereon.

' Due to the arrangement of the cam wheel with the removable cams, the drilling, milling and reaming operations can be performed at various times as desired. It will also be understood that the drill and the reamer or other tools, such as the tap, are held by the shafts in a removable manner by suitable chucks, asis well understood by those versed in the art. I

The machine shown is arranged to per form the milling operation first. However, thecams can bearranged so that the drilling or reaming operations may take place first and then finally the milling; or the cams can be arranged so that themilling operation comes between the drilling and reaming 0r tapping.

What I claim is: I

1. An apparatus of the kind described, comprising a supporting frame structure, aplurality. of work performing instruments carriedby the frame structure including milling cutters and rotating cutting tools, means for holding work and positioning the work for operation thereon of the said instruments, and driving means for the instruments carried at the sides of the frame structure and in exposed positions, said driving means including speed changing devices, whereby the speed of movementof-the said devices may be readily varied. Y Y 1 i 2. An apparatus of the kind described, comprising'a supporting frame structure, a rotating cutting tool carried by the frame structure, a second rotating cutting tool positioned opposite the first, means for holding a piece of workbetween'the two, means carried by the side of the supporting frame structure for rotating the cutting tools, said means being in exposed position and including speed changegears wherebythe speed of rotation o the cuttingtools may bevaried.

3. An apparatus of the kind described, comprising substantially continuously rotating milling cutters, substantially continuouslyrotating cuttingtools disposed on an axis removed from the axis of the milling cutters, a work-supporting device movablein a line a cam wheel, means for rotating the same, cam elements on this wheel for advancing the work to the milling cutters andfor positioning the work as regards the rotating cutting in proper timed relation with respect to the toward and away from the milling :cutters, L

position of the work, said cam elements on the wheel being removably held thereon, whereby the successive operations of the milling cutters and cutting tools may be varied.

4. An apparatus of the kind described, comprising in combination milling cutters, a pair of oppositely disposed V and spaced cutting tools, means for substantially continuously rotating the milling cutters and cutting tools, a movable work-supporting device for supporting a piece of work between the cutting tools, a rotating cam wheel having cam elements operating in proper timed relation for positioning the work and advancing the same to the milling cutters and for advancing the rotating cutting tools to the work, said cam elements being removably held upon the wheel whereby the same can be placed in different positions thereon to vary the successive arrangement of operations upon the work.

5. An apparatus of the kind described, comprising milling cutters, cutting tools, means for rotating the milling cutters and cutting tools, a work-supporting device movable to position a piece of work for the rotating cutting tools and to advance the work to the milling cutters, driven means for moving the work-supporting device, a source of power for the driven means, a manually controlling clutch device for effecting operation of the driven means, and means for automatically disengaging the clutch device upon the completion of one cycle of operation.

6. An apparatus of the kind described, comprising in combination, milling cutters, oppositely disposed rotating cutting tools, means for rotating the cutting tools and milling cutters, a work-holding device for holding the work between the cutting tools, a controlling cam wheel, means for driving the same, cam devices on the wheel for variously positioning the work as regards the milling cutters and cutting tools and for advancing the cutting tools all in timed relation, a manually controlled clutch device for effecting rotation of the cam wheel and automatic means for disengaging the clutch device upon the completion of one cycle of operation.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

FRANK J. SIKOROVSKY.

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