US1856276A - Car roof - Google Patents

Description

May 3, 1932- c. D. BONSALL CAR ROOF Filed Sept. 26, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 1/16 firroemens.

y 1932- c. D. BONSALL 1,356,276

CAR ROOF Filed Sept. 26, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 VIII/IA ll/I/l/l/Il/l/ll/I/l/l/l/II/l/IA I/ll/l/ V til Patented May 3, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CHARLES DAVID BONSALL, F PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO 1?. H. MURPHY COMPANY, OF NEW KENSINGTON, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA CAR ROOF Application filed September 26, 1930. Serial No. 484,511.

This invention relates to metal car roofs of the type wherein the roof sheets are adapted to l'unction as load carrying members by so arranging and connecting them together that they form a continuous covering consisting of raised panels extending from side plate to side plate at one level alternating with similar panels at a higher or lower level. In a typical design of this root, the stresses due to vertical load are taken care 01 after the manner of a beam, with the metal in the upper and lower panels taking care or" the compressive and tensile stresses respectively and vertically disposed portions of the sheets functioning to tal-ze care of the principal shearing and buckling stresses. The principal object of the present invention is to increase the capacity of roots of this type for resisting the principal shear and buckling stresses and also develop more fully the capacity of the roof for resisting tensile and compressive stresses. The invention consists principally in incorporating at each seam a member designed to function as a vertically disposed connecting web between the upper and lower panels, and also to stiffen and strengthen the whole roof. It also consists in such seam stiflening member and in the combinations and arrangements of parts hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings wherein like numerals refers to like parts wherever they occur,

Fig. 1 is a plan view of a portion of a car root embodying my invention,

Fig. 2 an enlarged vertical transverse section through one-half of the car roof on the line 22 oi Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 is a vertical longitudinal section through said roof at the ridge on the line 3-3 in Fig. 1,

Fig. at is an enlarged vertical cross section through the eaves portion of the roof, the section being taken on the line 44 in Fig. 1,

Fig. 5 is a vertical cross section through one of the roof seams on the line 5-5 in Fig. 2,

Fig. 6 is a similar section through said seam on the line 66 in Fig. 2,

Fig. 7 is a horizontal section on the line "(-7 in Fig. 4,

Fig. 8 is a vertical longitudinal cross section through a modified roof construction,

Fig. 9 is a vertical cross section similar to Fig. 5 showing a modified seam c0nstruction,

Fig. 10 is a view similar to Fig. 5, showing seam stiffener of modified form, and

Fig. 11 is a View similar to Fig. 5 showing another modified form of scam stiffener.

In the construction illustrated in Figs. 1 to 7 inclusive, the root sheets are arched and span the space from side plate 1 to side plate 1, their ends being turned down and riveted or otherwise secured to such side plates. Said Sheets are arranged in two series, the sheets A of one series being arranged at one level and the sheets B of the other series alternating therewith and disposed at a lower level. The upper sheets A have downwardly extending flanges 2 along their side margins and the lower sheets B have upwardly extending flanges 3 along their side margins, the flanges of the upper sheets overlapping those of the lower sheets. The upper sheets A are curved downwardly, as at 4, at the eaves where they merge into the plane of the body portions of the lower sheets; and the surplus metal resulting from the downwardly curved ends of said upper sheets is turned outwardly over the lower sheets in the form of flanges 5. The lower end portions of the upstanding flanges 3 of the lower sheets are likewise flattened out, as at 6, beneath the upper sheets.

In the construction illustrated in Figs. 1 to 7, inclusive, a thick Z-shaped plate 7 is dis-' posed with its web portion between the downturned flange 2 of the upper sheet A and the upturned flange 3 of the lower sheet B, with the lower horizontal leg 8 of said plate overlapping or resting upon the body portion of the lower sheet and with the upper horizontal leg 9 extending under the body portion of the upper sheet. The two sheet flanges and the Z-shaped plate between them are riveted together by horizontal rivets 10. The eaves ends of the Z-shaped plate 7 are preferably secured to the Z-side plates 1 by angle brack ets 11 having one flange riveted to the side plate and the other flange riveted to the bottom flange 8 of the Z-shaped plate and to the portions of the sheets disposed above and below said bottom flange. The upper flange 9 of the Z-plate 7 is sheared off adjacent to the eaves and the web tapers downwardly to fit the downward curved ends of the upper sheets.

By reason of the thickness of the Z-shaped plate 7 and the vertical extent thereof, the sheet-flanges are supported against-buckling stresses and to a large extent relieved of shearing and other stresses to which they are" subject in performing their function as the web of a beam. At the same time, the hori'-' zontal legs 8 and 90f the Z-plate 7 are close to the upper and lower levels respectively of the roof sheets and, by reason of their position and relatively large ectional area, are well adapted to take care of tensile and compressive stresses and consequently to relieve the sheets of the portion of such stresses thus taken by them.

In the construction hereinbefore described, the upper sheets are different from the lower sheets, but both sets of sheets are of very simple designand .easy to manufacture and apply. In the design illustrated in Fig. 8, the individual roof-sheet is offset at the middle thereof thus forming an upper panel A and a lower panel- B in the same sheet, a downturnedflange 2a being formed along the side edge of the upper panel and an upstanding flange 3a being formed along the side edgeiof the-lower panel. All the sheets of a roof may be of thissame design, which also is-easy to manufacture and apply, the seam or joint being made between the upper panel of one sheet and the lower panel of the adjacent sheetin the same manner as where the upper and lower shectsare separate. This design has the advantage of decreasing-the number of seams and sheets for a given number of panels in comparison with the con- 2 struction of-Fig. 3 wherein the whole body of-one sheet is at one level and the 'whole similar to that of Fig. 3 except that the vertical sheet flanges bear flatwisevagainst each other and that, instead of the vertical web of the Z plate 7 being interposed between such flanges, it bears flatwise against the flange of'the lower sheet only. In consequence of this position, the'lower horizontal leg of the- Z plate is underneath instead of on top of thelower sheet.

In the construction illustrated in Fig. 10,

thereoffleavin the sheetstotake care ofthe. 1 IL main tensile and compressive stresses incident to its beam action.

Preferably the upper panels are of substantially equal width with the lower panels, as illustrated in Figs. 3 and 8, and the reinforcing member is of substantially symmetrical section and the line of rivets is sub stantially midway between the upper and lower panels and likewise of the top and bottom-'ofthe reinforcingmember, that is, the lineof rivets substantially coincides with the neutral axis of the unified structu-reu Obviously the cross sectional shape and area of the web strengthening member admits of considerable variation, in consequence of. which the. metal therein may be massed wherever and in such amounts as the designers computations indicate need or use therefon For instance, a heavy concentraion of metal at the top, vas in Fig. 11, is particularly useful in increasing the compressive strength of the roof and permitting the useof thinnersheets at the upper level thereof.

W hat I claim is:

l. A car roof comprising roof sheets adapted, arranged and joined together to form two series of panels, the panels of one seriesbeing disposedat one level and the panels of the second series being disposed at a higher level and alternating with the panels of the first series, the seam construction comprising an upstanding flange along the side of a lower panel and a depending flange along the side of the adjacent upper panel that covers said first mentioned flange and extends below the top of said first mentioned fir nge far enough for driving rivets through them; and a seam' reinforcing member, said flanges and reinforcing member being riveted together by rivets which extend through both of said flanges and said reinforcing member.

2.. A. car roof comprising 3 roof sheets adapt-ed and joined together at their edgesto' form one series of panels disposed at one level and asecond series oflpanels disposed at a higher l vel and alternating with the panels of the first series, and the seam construction comprising an upstanding flange at the side of one sheet lapping a depending flange at the side of the next sheet and a separate sea-m reinforcing member between said flanges, both of said flanges and. said reinforcing member being rigidly secured together byrivets extending therethrough.

3. A. car roof comprising roof sheets adapted, arranged and joined together'to' form twoseries-ofp'anels', the panels of one series being disposed at one level and the panels of the second series being disposed at a higher level and alternating With the panels of thefi'rst series, the seam construction comprising an upstanding flange along the side of a lower panel and a depending, flange along the sideof the adjacent upper panel that covers and laps said first mentioned flange and a Z-shaped seam reinforcing member between said flanges, said flanges and the web portion of said reinforcing member being riveted together by rivets extending through the lapped portions of said flanges.

4. A car roof comprising roof sheets adapted and joined together at their edges to form one series of panels disposed at one level and having upstanding flanges along their side edges and a second series of panels disposed at a higher level and alternating with the panels of the first series, and the seam construction comprising a Z-shaped seam reinforcing member, and an upstanding flange at the side of one sheet lapping and contacting flatwise against a depending flange at the side of the next sheet, said flanges and reinforcing member being rigidly secured together.

A. car roof comprising two series of roof sheets, the roof sheets of one series being disposed at one level and having upstanding flanges along their side edges and the sheets of the second series being disposed at a higher level and alternating with the sheets of the first series, the sheets of the second series having depending side flanges that cover the adjarcnt flanges of the sheets of the first series and extend far enough below the top of said upstanding flanges for driving rivets through both flanges; and a seam. reinforcing member at each joint, said seam reinforcing member and the lapped portion of said flanges N being rigidly secured together flatwise.

5. A car roof comprising two series of roof sheets, the roof sheets of one series being disposed at one level and having upstanding flanges along their side edges and the sheets of the second series being disposed at a higher level and alternating with the sheets of the first series, the sheets of the second series having depending side flanges that cover and lap the adjacent flanges of the sheets of the first series, and a seam reinforcing member at each joint disposed flatwise against the inner face of the flange of the lower sheet, such flanges and seam reinforcing member being riveted together.

7. A car roof comprising two series of roof sheets, the roof sheets of one series being disposed at one level and having upstanding flanges along their side edges and the sheets of the second series being disposed at a higher level and alternating with the sheets of the first series. the sheets of the second series having depending side flanges that cover and lap the adjacent flanges of the sheets of the first series, and a seam reinforcing member between and rigidly secured to the lapped portions of said flanges.

8. A car roof comprising two series of roof sheets, the roof sheets of one series being disposed at one level and having upstanding flanges along their side edges and the sheets of the second series being disposed at a higher level and alternating with the sheets of the first series, the sheets of the second series having depending side flanges that cover and lap the adjacent flanges of the sheets of the first series, and a reinforcing member comprising a vertical web portion and a horizontal leg at the top thereof underlying the marginal portion of the upper panel, and a horizontal leg at the bottom thereof underlying the marginal portion of the lower panel.

9. A car roof comprising roof sheets adapted, arranged and joined together to form two series of panels, the panels of one series being disposed at one level and the panels of the second series being disposed at a higher level and alternating with the panels of the first series, the seam construction comprising an upstanding flange along the side of a lower panel and a depending flange along the side of the adjacent upper panel that covers and laps said first mentioned flange, and a seam reinforcing member, said flanges and reinforcing member being riveted together by a single line of rivets.

10. A car roof comprising roof sheets adapted, arranged and joined together to form two series of panels, the panels of one series being disposed at one level and the panels of the second series being disposed at a higher level and alternating with the panels of the first series, the seam construction comprising an upstanding flange along the side of a lower panel and a depending flange along the side of the adjacent upper panel that covers and laps said first mentioned flange, and a seam reinforcing member, said flanges and reinforcing member being riveted together by a single line of rivets substantially coinciding with the neutral axis of said roof.

11. A car roof of the kind described comprising roof sheets whose body portions are adapted and arranged to form a roof with panels at different levels, said roof sheets having flanges along their sides, and reinforcing members cooperating with such flanges, each reinforcing member and the two adjacent sheet flanges being all secured together by the same horizontal rivets.

12. A car roof of the kind described comprising roof sheets whose body portions are adapted and ar 'anged to form panels at clifferent levels, said roof sheets having flanges along their sides, and reinforcing members cooperating with said flanges, a reinforcing member and the two adjacent sheet flanges being all secured together by a single line of rivets located substantially midway between the upper and lower panels.

Signed at New Kensington, Pennsylvania, this 22nd day of Sept, 1930.

CHARLES DAVID BONSALL.

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