US1852343A - Fuel generating apparatus - Google Patents

Description

April 1932- w. s. CARLSTON ET AL 1,852,343

FUEL GENERATING APPARATUS Filed Feb. 9, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 April 5, 1932. w. s. CARLS TON ET AL 1,852,343

FUEL GENERATING APPARATUS Filed Feb. 9, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 A, A A -M IE1 N mmflpw J Fatented .ihpr. 5. 1932 UNlTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

'WLLLIAM E. UAIRLSTON AND ROBERT IE. HIEGER, OF KOKOMO, INDIANA, ABSIGNORS TO IB'YRNE, KINGSTON & COMPANY, OF KOKOMO, INDIANA, A. CORPQRATION F IDTDHNL rum. ennmrme' APPARATUS 'Application filed February 9, 1927. Serial No. 188,880.

This invention relates to a fuel generating apparatus, and particularly to an apparatus which is adapted to prepare liquid fuel for efl'ective power production in the combustion chambers of an internal combustion engine.

Specifically this invention contemplates the initial admixture of a liquid fuel with limited quantity of air, the atomization of such mixture, further heatin of the atomiaed mixture to a relatively igh temperature, then metering the highly heated mixture and mixing the same with relatively cool air to form a properly pro ortioned gaseous mixthre for efficient com. ustion.

A further important object of this invention resides in the provision of improved means for idling and starting purposes.

Another important object of this invention consists in the provision ot'a rotary element which operates to control mixture quantity and quality, and which at the same time iEtlIlCtlOIiS to variably increase the velocity of the main air supply.

lit is finally an important object of this invention to provide an apparatus for the purpose described which may be readily calibrated, and which has a minimum of moving parts.

Uther and further important objects of this invention will be apparent from the disclosures in the specification and the accompanying drawings.

The lnvention (in a preferred form) is shown on the drawings and hereinafter more fully described.

U11 the drawings:

Figure l is a front elevation with parts shown in dotted lines illustrating a'fuel generating apparatus embodying the principles of this invention.

Figure 2 is a section on the line II-II of Figure 1 with parts shown in elevation.

Figure 3 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view similar to Figure 2 taken on the line THHI of Figure 2.

As shown. on the drawings:

The reference numeral 1 indicates the exhanst manifold of an internal combustion engine which is preferably cast integral with undesirable foreign matter into an intake manifold 2, being separated therefrom by integral risers 3. The central portion of the exhaust manifold 1 is flattened as indicated. at 4 and is provided with a depending flanged portion 5 on which a carburetor assembly 6 is supported by usual bolts 7.

An an introducing and mixture control mechanism is provided in a casing 8 which communicates with, the intake manifold 2 throu h an opening 9, and which is secured to sai intake manifold by suitable securing bolts. The front wall of the flattened ortion l of the exhaust manifold is PIOVl'dBd with a pair of substantially parallel passages 11 and 12 which extend in a substantially vertical direction and which afford chambers respectively for the reheating of air to be car uretted and for t e heating of the richl carburetted air which flows therethroug during operation of the apparatus of this invention. The chamber or passa e 11 terminates in a horizontal passage boss 13 which is provided with lateral openings 14, and which has rotatably mounted thereon a cylindrical valve 15 which has an opening therein adapted to register with the 0 ening 14, and which also has a small air mlet opening-16 therein to admit a limited amount of air into the chamber 11 for pur oses of starting in a manner to be describe? hereinafter. The cylindrical valve 15 is operatively connected to a lateral shaft 17 which is rotatably mounted in a passage a in the cas-' ing 8 and which carries a choke valve 18 of usual form therein for closing the assa 6 8a to the flow of air. The outer on of t e chamber 17 is provided with a usual crank type control lever 19 which may be connected in the usual manner for manual actuation and which is so controlled by a spring 20 as to normall hold the choke valve 18 inopen position. 11 order to prevent objectionable noises andalso to prevent the drawing of assage 8a the outer end thereof is closed by a ell shaped baflle casing 21 which permits air to flow into the passage thru opemngs 22 therein.

The lower end of heating chamber 11 communicates with a restricted passe e 23 extending into the carbureting cham er 24 of mo with said carbureting chamberthrough a pas sage which similarly is preferably smaller in cross-sectional area than the chamber 12. By virtue of this construction, air, which is reheated in the chamber 11, is drawn down mto the carbureting chamber 24 where it is drawn past the carbureter nozzle 26 and richly carburetted to form an atomized fuel mixture'containing a large excess of fuel. This mixture is drawn upwardly into the heating chamber 12 where it is further heated to a relatively high temperature prior to the formation of the final fuel mixture which is brought about in a manner which will now be described. v

.The rich highly heated mixture from the V chamber 12 is discharged throu h a lateral connecting tube 27 and a lat'era passage in the casing 8 into a second-lateral chamber 28 in said casing 8. Said lateral chamber 28 in turn is provided with a plurality of outlets into the main air passage 8a in said casing 8. The first of said outlets comprises a I metered idling and starting passage 29 which intersects an air passage 30 communicating with passage 8a'inside the choke valve 18 in order that there may be no leakage in starting. The other passages from said assage or chamber 28, which may be termed t e high speed and normal operating jets, or passages, are shown in Figure 1 at 31 and communicate with the interior of a rotary controlmem v sages, or jets, 31 previously mentioned communicate with. a bearing chamber in the easing 8 in which a hollow trunnion 33a of the valve 32 is journalled. The hollow trunnion 33a is cut away as indicated at 34 so that the fuel mixture discharged from the jets 31 may be variably introduced in the interior thereof. The interior of said hollow trunnion 33a in turn communicates through a passage 34a which opens into the throat of the Venturi passage 33 in a manner best illustrated in Figure 3. The other end of the plug valve 32 is mounted on a usual trunnion which extendsthrough a plate 35 secured to the casing 8 and secured to the end of said last mentioned trunnion is a throttle valve control crank which is designated by the reference numeral 36.

vention may be briefly described as follows:

In starting the engine on which this apparatus is mounted the crank lever 19 is actuated to close the choke valve 18 which in turn brings the cylindrical valve 16 to such position that the chamber 11 only communicates with the atmosphere through the small opening 16 in said valve 15. Air drawn through this small opening enters the chamber 11 in the exhaust manifold 4: and is drawn into the carbureting chamber 24 where it is richly carburetted by liquid fuel from the nozzle 26 and thence drawn through the passage 25 into the chamber 12. During this 0 eration the plug throttle valve 32 is in c osed position and the mixture for starting is drawn through the metered get in passage 29, being mixed with a limite amount of air from the assage 30. This comprises the operation w ereby a rich gaseous fuel mixture The operation o f the apparatus of this in- In normal operation of the carbureter throu h the workin and hi h s eed ran es the fl w of air throi igh the I p g 33 and past the outer end of passage 30 is sufficient to so equalize the pressure of the ends of the passages 29 and 30 as to gradually bring about a condition of equalization and render certain passages inoperative. In this normal and high speed operation the highly heated rich fuel mixture is drawn through the jet or passage 31 and through the hollow trunnion 33a and passage 34a into the throat of the venturi 33 where it is thoroughly mixed while in its highly heated condition with relatively cool air entering from the passage 8a. The flow of the richly carburetted highly heated fuel mixture into the throat of the Venturi passage 33 is, of course, metered as the cut-out portion 34 in the trunnion 33a is more or less effective in area depending upon the amount of opening of the throttle valve 32, consequently a properly proportioned highly heated gaseous fuel mixture is provided throughout the operating range.

By use of the apparatus of this invention satisfactory operation with low grade fuels is assured, crank case dilution is minimized, and since proper proportions are maintained through substantially the entire operating range we are able to attain economical operation. Due to the fact thatthe passages 27 and 28 are large relative to the jet or passage 31, and relative to the idling jet, or passage, 29 a reserve of richly carburetted fuel enturi passage,

lot

sults of this apparatus are attained without loss of volumetric efiiciency.

The apparatus of this invention may be easily calibrated, economically manufactured,

and contains a minimum of moving parts which are likely to get out of order.

We are awarethat numerous details of construction may be varied through a wide range without departing from the principles of this invention and we therefore do not purpose limiting the patent granted hereon otherwise than necessitated by the prior art.

We claim as our invention:

1. In a device of the kind described, an air preheating chamber, means communicating therewith whereby the air heated in said chamber may be richly carburetted with liquid fuel, a second chamber in which said carburetted air is heated to a relatively high temperature, means for regulating the flow of such high temperature carburetted air from said chamber, means for mixing such highly carburetted heated air with a relative- 1 large quantity of relatively cool air as it flhws from said metering means and a single means for controlling said last mentioned air admitting means and said regulating means.

2. In a device of the kind described, an air preheating chamber, means communicating therewith whereby the air heated in said chamber may be richly carburetted with liquid fuel, a second chamber in which said carburetted air is heated to a relatively high temperature, means for regulating the flow of such high temperature carburetted air from said chamber, means for mixing such highly carburetted heated air with a relatively large quantity of relatively cool air as it flows from said metering means and a rotary means for controlling said last mentioned air admitting means and said regulating means.

3. The combination with an internal combustion engine and the exhaust and intake manifolds thereof, of a pair of heating chambers formed in a wall of the *exhaust manifold, a carbureting chamber separately connected to said heating chambers, a controllable air inlet to one chamber, a controllable mixture outlet from the other chamber, and means for introducing relatively large quantities of relatively cool air into the mixture flowing from said mixture outlet.

4. The combination with an internal combustion engine and the exhaust and intake manifolds thereof, of a pair of substantially parallel heating chambers formed in a wall of the exhaust manifold, a carbureting chamber separately connected to said heating chambers, a controllable air inlet to one chamher, a controllable mixture outlet from the other chamber, and means for introducing relatively large quantities of relatively cool air into the mixture flowing from said mixture outlet.

5. The combination with an internal combustion engine and the exhaust and-intake manifolds thereof, of a pair of heating chambers formed in a wall of the exhaust manifold, a carbureting chamber separately connected to said heating chambers, a controllable air inlet to one chamber, a controllable mixture outlet from the other chamber, means for introducing relatively large quantities of relatively cool air into the mixture flowing from said mixture outlet, and means of limited cross-sectional area communicating with said second mentioned chamber and with the im take manifold through which fuel mixture is introduced for starting and idling the engine, said last mentioned means also communicating with the air introducing means.

6. The combination with an internal combustion engine and the exhaust and intake manifolds thereof, of a pair of heating chambers formed in a wall of the exhaust manifold, a carbureting chamber separately connected to said heating chambers, a controllable air inlet to one chamber, a controllable mixture outlet from the other chamber, means for introducing relatively large quantities of relatively cool air into the mixture flowing from said mixture outlet, the connections between the carbureting chamber and said heating chambers being of smaller cross-sectional area than the cross-sectional area of the heating chambers.

In testimony whereof we have hereunto subscribed our names at Kokomo, Howard County, Indiana.

WILLIAM S. CARLSTON. ROBERT H. HIEGER.

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