US1852210A - Polarized relay - Google Patents

Polarized relay Download PDF

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Publication number
US1852210A
US1852210A US253880A US25388028A US1852210A US 1852210 A US1852210 A US 1852210A US 253880 A US253880 A US 253880A US 25388028 A US25388028 A US 25388028A US 1852210 A US1852210 A US 1852210A
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United States
Prior art keywords
armature
operating
coils
winding
circuit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US253880A
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English (en)
Inventor
Frederick C Larson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SPX Technologies Inc
Original Assignee
General Railway Signal Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL109174D priority Critical patent/NL109174C/xx
Application filed by General Railway Signal Co filed Critical General Railway Signal Co
Priority to US253880A priority patent/US1852210A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1852210A publication Critical patent/US1852210A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/22—Polarised relays

Definitions

  • Figure 1 is a bottom plan view of the invention applied to a polarized relay of one of the types used in railway signal systems, a part of the neutral armature being broken away to show the polarized armature;
  • Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the invention;
  • Fig. 3 is a section taken on the line 33 of Fig. 2, with the main or control coils in side View;
  • l is a longitudinal section taken on the line t of Fig. 3 and
  • Fig. 5 is diagram of the relay in a simplified circuit and indicat ing its operation.
  • a polarized relay having a supporting base 7.
  • a bed 8 of insulating material is secured in parallel spaced relation to the base 7.
  • a pair of operating coils 9 having suitable terminals 10 for connection with line circuit wires 11.
  • the coils 9 have primary windings 12, in series in the circuit including the wires 11, and secondary windings 13 in an auxiliary circuit 14:.
  • This circuit 14 also includes coils 15 wound upon cores 16 of an electroinagnet adapted to hold the neutral armature 17 of the instrument in predetermined or energized position when cufrent reversals occur in the circuit including the primary coils 12. The details of construction of this armature are more fully described hereinafter.
  • Cores 18 and 19 of the coils 9 project adjacent to the armature 1'? so as to attract the same when energized by current flowing through these coils.
  • another armature 20 is operatively connected withthearmature 17 by means of a lever 21 0t non-magnetic materialand this armature 20 is arranged to be attracted by magnetism of the cores 16 when energized.
  • the armatures 17 and 20 are rigidly connected together and have a common pivot 22.
  • a polarized armature 28 is arranged to be operated by the magnetic effect of current flowing in the coils 12 in a manner well known in this art.
  • the armature 23 has per manent magnets 24; and 25 projecting adjacent to the cores 18 and 19 respectively. These magnets are so arranged that when current flows through the coils 12 in one direction the polarity relative to the cores 18 and 19 causes the armature 23 to be moved to one position and reversal of current through the coils 12 causes movement of the armature 23 to another position.
  • polar armature 23 is shown as mounted on a horizontal axis, for the purpose of clearly illustrating the principle of the invention, this armature 23, in one of the actual embodiments of the invention, as illustrated in Fig. 4, being mounted on a vertical axis 42, all as described fully below.
  • FIG. 1 Simplified circuits are shown in Fig. for controlling signals 26, 27 and 28 representing respectively a green light or permissive signal, a yellow light or warning signal and a red light or prohibitive signal.
  • the circuits for operating these signals are supplied with current from a battery 29 having a circuit wire 30 connecting the same to the armature 17.
  • Another circuit wire 31 has branches 32, 33 and 34 including the signals 26, 27 and 28 respectively.
  • a wire 35 electrically connects the polarized armature 23 with a contact 36 for the armature 17.
  • the branch circuit 34 has a contact 37 for the armature 17, located opposite the contact 36.
  • Contacts 38 and 39 in the branch circuits 32 and 33 respectively are severally arranged to complete the circuit with the wire 35 through the polarized armature 23.
  • a pole changer 40 is arranged in the circuit with the wires 11 and with a control circuit 41 supplying direct current to the operating coils 12.
  • Figs. 1 to 4 The structure described above with reference to the diagrammatic illustration in Fig. 5 is shown more in detail in Figs. 1 to 4, inelusive.
  • the ends of the cores 18 and 19 project downward as shown in Figs. 3 and 4 adjacent to the armature 17 while the pivot 22 for this neutral armature is mounted in bearings 2205 upon a horizontal axis.
  • a pivot 42 for the polarized armature 23 is arranged upon a vertical axis between the lower ends of the cores 18 and 19.
  • Disposed between the permanent magnets 24 and 25 is a bar 43 of non-magnetic material which is fixed to both of said magnets, the magnets being of the common U shape, each stranding the adjacent core of the operating coils 9 as clearly shown in Fig. 4.
  • the magnet 23 At each end the magnet 23 is provided with projections 44 carrying insulated conductors 45. Pairs of spring fingers 46 and 47 are movable by the armature 23 to engage the contacts 38 and 39 respectively. Both of the bars may be connected to the wire 35 and to further insure positive operation a pair of contacts 39 are provided in the circuit 33 and another pair 38 for the circuit 32.
  • the neutral armature 17 has a pair of arms 48 rigidly secured thereto and upon the ends of these arms 48 are spring fingers 49 for engaging the contacts 36.
  • the arms 48 also carry spring contact fingers 50 for engaging the contacts 37 when the armature 17 is in deenergized or dropped position.
  • the lever 21 is also rigidly connected to the armature 17 and projects forward therefrom. Upon its forward or free end the lever 21 has fixed thereto the armature 20 for the electro-magnet consisting of the coils 15 and cores 16.
  • the cores 16 are preferably threaded in the bed 8 as shown in Fig. 3 and project beneath the same adjacent to the armature 20.
  • I provide a series of small phospher-bronze pins 51 which project a few thousandths of an inch from the face of the cores.
  • Suitable binding posts 10a are provided for the wires 14 to facilitate connecting the coil 15 in circuit with the secondary winding 13 of the coils 9. Projecting upward through the bed 8 and fixed therein is a series of binding posts. These binding posts are respectively, 52 for the circuit wire 34, 53 for the wire 35, 54 for the wire 32 and 55 for the wire 33.
  • the bed 8 is held in spaced parallelrelation to the base 7 by a series of side panels 56, preferably of glass, and a series ofbolts 57 are disposed at the four corners of the instrument, extending through the perforations 58 (Fig. 1) inthe bed 8.
  • pole changer 40 for the current supply wires 41 represents diagrammatically any mechanism for changing the polarity.
  • the change in polarity is efi'ected through circuits connected to the track and the polarity is changed or the circuit 41 broken upon the passage of the trains from one block to another.
  • the rapidly dropping voltage and subsequent building up in the reverse direction causes an induced current to be set up in the coils 13 and circuit wires 14 which energizes the coils 15 and magnetizes the cores 16 so that the armature 20 is attracted and held in its normal position adjacent to the cores 16.
  • This through the lever 21 retains the armature 17 in its stationary or energized position for the brief interval of time necessary to reverse the polarity of the control circuit and magnetism of the cores 18 and 19.
  • the coils 12 Upon the changing of the polarity of the control circuit the coils 12 operate to change the polarity of the cores 18 and 19. This causes a corresponding change in the position of the polar armature 23 which in turn results in closing of the spring fingers 47 against the contacts 39. Now the branch circuit .33 is complete through the warning signal 27. Obviously when the circuit 11 is broken the operating coils 9 arede-energized. This allows the armature 17 to drop and complete the circuit through the prohibitive signal 28, through the armature 17, spring fingers 50 and contacts 37.
  • the axes of the cores 18 and 19 are located a short distance from the pivot 22-01 the armature 17 whereas the axes of the cores 16 are located at a much greater distance from the pivot 22.
  • the electro-magnet consisting of the coils 15 and cores 16 has a mechanical advantage over the operating coils 12 with their cores 18 and 19. This is necessary in the arrangement shown in order to compensate for the relatively small current which is induced in the secondary windings 13 as compared to that flowing in the coils 12.
  • a signal circuit under control of said neutral armature, an inductive circuit including windings of said coils, electromagnetic means in said inductive circuit adapted to be operated by induced current from said winding of the operating coils and means operable by said electromagnetic means and connected to said armature whereby said signal circuit is rendered inoperative during' reversals of current in said operating coils.
  • a neutral armature arranged to be retained in predetermined position by the magnetic eiiect of current in said coils, and electromagnetic means operable by induced current upon the reversal of current in said coils to retain said armature in said predetermined position during the reversal of current.
  • neutral armature being movable to one position when current is flowing in said primary windings and to another position upon the interruption of said.
  • control circuit a lever arm connected to said neutral armature, another armatureconnected to said arm and an electromagnet associated with said last mentioned armature and having coils in secondary circuit whereby said neutral armature is retained in said first mentioned position when said control circuit is momentarily interrupted by current reversals therein.
  • a neutral armature an operating winding for attracting said armature when energized
  • a holding winding for the neutral armature which holding win ding is separate from,,and non-inductively positioned relatively to, the operating winding
  • energizing means for the holding winding inductively energized on change in current flow in the operating winding for holding the armature in attracted position for a time after de-energization of the operating winding.
  • av relay in combination.. a neutral armature, an operating winding for attracting said armature when energized, and a holding winding for the neutral armature, inductively coupled with the operating winding, for holding the armature in attracted position for a time after de-energization of the operating winding.
  • said holding win din g being'positioned to have a distinct mechanical advantage over the operating winding in acting on the armature.
  • a pivoted neutral armature in combination, a pivoted neutral armature, an operating core having operating coils thereon for attracting the armature when energized, a holding core positioned to attract and hold the armature when energized, and a winding'on the holding core connected in series with aninsulated winding on the operating core, whereby to inductively hold up the armature upon de-energization ot the operating coils.
  • a neutral i armature in combination, a neutral i armature, an operating winding for attracting said armature when energized, energizing means for the operating winding, and a hold ing winding, for the neutral armature non-inductively positioned with relation to the op erating winding, and arranged to have its energization dependent upon an inductive effect from the energizing means for the operating winding, for holding the armature in attracted position for a time after de-energization of the operating winding.
  • a neutral armature in combination, a neutral armature, an operating winding for attracting said armature when energized, energizing means for the operating winding, and a holding winding for the neutral armature arranged to have its energization dependent upon an inductive effect from the energizing means for the operating winding, for holding the armature in attracted position for a time after de-energization of the operating winding, said holding winding being positioned to have a distinct mechanical advantage over the operated winding in acting on the armature.
  • a pivoted neutral armature in combination, a pivoted neutral armature, an operating core having operating coils thereon for attracting the armature when energized, energizing means for the operating coils, a holding core positioned to attract and hold the armature when energized, and a winding on the holding core energized from said energizing means for the operating coil, whereby to hold up the armature upon de-energization of the operating coils.
  • a pivoted neutral armature in combination, a pivoted neutral armature, an operating core having operating coils thereon for attracting the armature when energized, energizing means for the operating coils, a holding core positioned to attract and hold the armature when energized, and a winding on the holding core energized from said energizing means for the operating coil, whereby to inductively hold up the armature upon de-energization of the operating coils.
  • a main electromagnet having an operating winding, a main tractive armature controlled thereby, an auxiliary winding in inductive relation to said operating winding, an auxiliary electromagnet having'its winding connected with said auxiliary winding, and an auxiliary armature controlled by said auxiliary electromagnet and connected with said main armature to hold the latter closed while the auxiliary electromagnet is energized, whereby said main armature does not open when the polarity of the current supplied to said operating winding is reversed.
  • an electromagnet having the usual operating winding, a tractive armature controlled thereby, an auxiliary electromagnetic device for keeping said armature in the closed position, and an auxiliary winding in inductive relation to said operating winding for momentarily supplying current to said auxiliary device when the polarity of the current in said operating winding is reversed.
  • an electromagnet having the usual operating winding, a tractive armature controlled thereby, an auxiliary winding in inductive relation to said operating winding, and means controlled by the current induced in said auxiliary winding when the polarity of the current in said operating winding is reversed for preventing said armature from opening.
  • a main armature a retaining armature, an elongated member of nonmagnetic material connecting the two armatures in spaced relationship, an operating winding for the main armature and a retaining winding having its energization dependent upon the operating winding and positioned to operate on the retaining armature.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
US253880A 1928-02-13 1928-02-13 Polarized relay Expired - Lifetime US1852210A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL109174D NL109174C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1928-02-13
US253880A US1852210A (en) 1928-02-13 1928-02-13 Polarized relay

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US253880A US1852210A (en) 1928-02-13 1928-02-13 Polarized relay

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1852210A true US1852210A (en) 1932-04-05

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ID=22962088

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US253880A Expired - Lifetime US1852210A (en) 1928-02-13 1928-02-13 Polarized relay

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Country Link
US (1) US1852210A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL109174C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2794157A (en) * 1952-12-30 1957-05-28 Allen E Chisholm Polarized snap action magnetic switch
US3243543A (en) * 1964-01-02 1966-03-29 Palmer M Maxwell Magnetically positioned electrical switch

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2794157A (en) * 1952-12-30 1957-05-28 Allen E Chisholm Polarized snap action magnetic switch
US3243543A (en) * 1964-01-02 1966-03-29 Palmer M Maxwell Magnetically positioned electrical switch

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL109174C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

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