US1851522A - Production of cellulose pulp - Google Patents
Production of cellulose pulp Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1851522A US1851522A US529806A US52980631A US1851522A US 1851522 A US1851522 A US 1851522A US 529806 A US529806 A US 529806A US 52980631 A US52980631 A US 52980631A US 1851522 A US1851522 A US 1851522A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- pulp
- bisulfite
- liquor
- combined
- calcium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 8
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 title description 6
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 title description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- LVGQIQHJMRUCRM-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bisulfite Chemical compound [Ca+2].OS([O-])=O.OS([O-])=O LVGQIQHJMRUCRM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 9
- 235000010260 calcium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- AOSFMYBATFLTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-amino-3-(benzimidazol-1-yl)propan-2-ol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N(CC(O)CN)C=NC2=C1 AOSFMYBATFLTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000010269 sulphur dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000008565 Pinus banksiana Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241000218680 Pinus banksiana Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000007173 Abies balsamea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000283070 Abies balsamea Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001620634 Roger Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 2
- JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phencyclidine Chemical compound C1CCCCN1C1(C=2C=CC=CC=2)CCCCC1 JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000840267 Moma Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000218657 Picea Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009324 Pinus caribaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013431 Pinus clausa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000008568 Pinus coulteri Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000083281 Pinus coulteri Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000017339 Pinus palustris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000007738 Pinus rigida Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000005103 Pinus virginiana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002301 combined effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009950 felting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010904 stalk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000004291 sulphur dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C3/00—Pulping cellulose-containing materials
- D21C3/04—Pulping cellulose-containing materials with acids, acid salts or acid anhydrides
- D21C3/06—Pulping cellulose-containing materials with acids, acid salts or acid anhydrides sulfur dioxide; sulfurous acid; bisulfites sulfites
Definitions
- the specific conditions of operation employed including, for instance, the temperature and lengthof cook, the strength of the liquor, the ratio of ammonium bisulfite to calcium bisulfite therein, may be varied depending upon the particular raw material under treatment and the desired quality of the product. I have found, however,'that while the more resinous the raw material the higher the ratio of ammonium bisulfite to calcium bisulfite should be, generally speaking the best results are obtained when upward to about 50% of the combined sulfur dioxide is combined with ammonia (the balance with calcium). Under these conditions pulp of high strength is produced, lit- Application filed April 13,
- Ewample 1.100 parts by weight of hemlock chips, prepared in the usual way, are charged into a digester of any suitable type, such, for example, as a steel digester lined with lead or an inner layer of hard burned acid-resisting brick, which latter is preferably set in acid-resisting cement.
- a liquor consisting of 0.66% ammonium bisulfite, 3.25% calcium bisulfite, 2.8% sulfurous acid, and the balance water.
- 16% of the combined sulfite was combined with ammonia and the balance with calcium.
- the temperature of the charge was gradually raised over a period of 4 hours to approximately 110 C. and then, in the course of 4 more hours to 140 C. The temperature was then raised to 143 C.
- Ema1npZe,3.100 parts by weight of jack pine chips were charged into a digester tobleaching, and yielded a paper of superior grade.
- the pulp is made into paper of a pulp which comprises cooking vegetable fibrous material with a liquor containing ammonium bisulfite, calcium bisulfite, and sulfurous acid, from 5 to 20% of the combined sulfur dioxide in the liquor being combined with ammonia.
Landscapes
- Paper (AREA)
Description
Patented Mar. 29, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ROGER W. RICHARDSON AND CLARENCE S. SHERMAN, 0F WILMINGTON, DELAWARE,
ASSIGNORS TO E. L'DU PONT DE NEMOURS & COMPANY, OF WILMINGTON, DELA- WARE, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE PULP No Drawing.
more eflicient and economical manufacture of a superior grade of pulp, suitable for use in the paper, nitrocellulose, and other industries, by the processing of wood, corn-stalks, straw, bamboo, and other vegetable fibrous materials.
It is a further object of the invention to provide an improved process for manufacture of cellulose pulp from highly resinous woods.
These and other objects and advantages of the invention, which will more fully hereinafter appear, are attained by digesting the fibrous material with an aqueous liquor containing sulphurousacid, ammonium bisulfite, and calcium bisulfite. By this process I am able to secure a high grade of pulp from a variety of raw materials including especially woods high in resin content, such as, for example, jack pine, pitch pine, scrub pine, etc., which have been difficult, if not impossible, to process by the ordinary sulphite methods. Because of the good color of the pulp produced in accordance with the invention, economies in the usual bleaching operation are possible. The high strength of the pulp fibers makes the produce particularly valuable for paper manufacture and other uses, increases in strength of from '10 to having thus been obtained. Other important advantages are more specifically hereinafter referred to.
The specific conditions of operation employed including, for instance, the temperature and lengthof cook, the strength of the liquor, the ratio of ammonium bisulfite to calcium bisulfite therein, may be varied depending upon the particular raw material under treatment and the desired quality of the product. I have found, however,'that while the more resinous the raw material the higher the ratio of ammonium bisulfite to calcium bisulfite should be, generally speaking the best results are obtained when upward to about 50% of the combined sulfur dioxide is combined with ammonia (the balance with calcium). Under these conditions pulp of high strength is produced, lit- Application filed April 13,
tle or no objectionable corrosion of digester linings results and, by reason of the high yield of more readily bleachable pulp, such economies are effected, as compared with previous methods, that the expensive recovery of ammonia-essential from economic considerationsin previous processes involving ammonia, may be dispensed with. In commercial scale operation of the invention very satisfactory results have been obtained when from 5 to 20% of the combined sulfur dioxide in the liquor was combined with am moma.
The following examples are offered by way of illustration, although the invention is not limited to the examples.
Ewample 1.100 parts by weight of hemlock chips, prepared in the usual way, are charged into a digester of any suitable type, such, for example, as a steel digester lined with lead or an inner layer of hard burned acid-resisting brick, which latter is preferably set in acid-resisting cement. To this charge is added 500 parts of a liquor consisting of 0.66% ammonium bisulfite, 3.25% calcium bisulfite, 2.8% sulfurous acid, and the balance water. In this liquor 16% of the combined sulfite was combined with ammonia and the balance with calcium. The temperature of the charge was gradually raised over a period of 4 hours to approximately 110 C. and then, in the course of 4 more hours to 140 C. The temperature was then raised to 143 C. and maintained at that point for an additional 3 hours. At the end of this digestion period the charge Was blown into the blow-pit where the waste liquors were removed from the pulp. The pulp was improved pulp was also cleaner, softer, of a better color and feel, and had superior beating and felting characteristics.
Ewample 2.-100 parts by weight of hemlock or spruce chips are charged into a suitable sulfite digester, together with 500 parts by weight of a liquor containing 0.37% ammonium bisulfite, 3.60% calcium bisulfite, and
9% of the combined sulphur dioxide in the liquor is combined with ammonia, the balance with calcium. The temperature of this cook is gradually brought up to 145 C. over the course of several hours in accordance with usual sulfite cooking practice. The total time of the cook is 11 hours.
very high quality showing an increase in strength of from 10 to more than 50 percent. (in the severalusual strength tests) when compared with pulp produced-under similar conditions by means of the usual calcium bisulfite process. The improved pulp was also cleaner, softer, and of definitely better feel color and beating characteristics.
Ema1npZe,3.100 parts by weight of jack pine chips were charged into a digester tobleaching, and yielded a paper of superior grade.
In the practice of the invention as hereinbefore described it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many important advantages are obtained, not the least important of WhlCll are a reduced time of cooking and improved digester control.
Various changes may be made in the method described without departing from the intures. 2.56% sulphurous acid, and the balance water.
After'being washed, screened, etc. the pulp is made into paper of a pulp which comprises cooking vegetable fibrous material with a liquor containing ammonium bisulfite, calcium bisulfite, and sulfurous acid, from 5 to 20% of the combined sulfur dioxide in the liquor being combined with ammonia.
In testimony whereof we affix our signa- ROGER w. RICHARDSON. CLARENCE s. SHERMAN.
vention or sacrificing any of the advantages thereof.
We claim:
1. The process of manufacturing cellulose pulp which comprises cooking highly resinous wood with a liquor containing ammonium bisulfite, calcium bisulfite, and sulfurous acid.
2. The process of manufacturing cellulose pulp which comprises cooking vegetable brous material with a liquor containing ammonium bisulfite, calcium bisulfite, and
sulfurous. acid, upward to.50% of the combined sulfur dioxide in the liquor being com-- bined withammonia. v
3. The process of manufacturing cellulose
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US529806A US1851522A (en) | 1931-04-13 | 1931-04-13 | Production of cellulose pulp |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US529806A US1851522A (en) | 1931-04-13 | 1931-04-13 | Production of cellulose pulp |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1851522A true US1851522A (en) | 1932-03-29 |
Family
ID=24111308
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US529806A Expired - Lifetime US1851522A (en) | 1931-04-13 | 1931-04-13 | Production of cellulose pulp |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1851522A (en) |
-
1931
- 1931-04-13 US US529806A patent/US1851522A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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