US18512A - Shingle-machine - Google Patents

Description

UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEicE.

SIMEON MARSHALL, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

vsHINor:ti-: ivrAcHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 18,512, dated October 27, 1857.

T0 all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, SiMEoN MARSHALL, of Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have' invented new and useful Improvements in the Construction of Shingle-Machines Adapted to the Purpose of Splitting and Dressing Shingles, Staves, and Headings; and I do hereby declare the following is a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part 0f this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a side view, Fig. 2 a top View, Fig. 3 a section at L, B in Fig. 2.

Corresponding letters refer to corresponding parts throughout.

The nature of my invention consists in the arrangement and application of the new and useful devices, in constructing machines for the purpose, whereby the respective parts are better secured, more direct acting, and readily adjusted to more diiferent thicknesses, shapes, or forms as desired, than any other machine now in use.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention I will proceed to describe its construction and operation.

I construct two stands or legs A, A, with proper openings and bearings to receive their respective parts, these being each of one piece metal, will form a rigid cross section for the machine, when in their position, to these stands I secure the side pieces B, B each formed of one piece of metal with their proper openings and bearings to receive their respective parts, producing a substantial frame for the reception of the minor parts. Upon the forward end of this frame I place a driving shaft Z) secured in proper bearings on the side pieces B, B, having pulleys c, c on one end for the application of power, on the opposite end, from the pulleys I place a faced wheel with cutters inserted, for trimming the edges of the pieces after being dressed. This wheel acts also as a balance to accelerate the movement of the machine. Between the bearings of shaft ZJ I place a small gear, the

teeth of which play into a large gear placed upon the crank shaft cl, the crank shaft d being secured to the front stands of the machine in proper bearings; back of the driving shaft b and parallel therewith I place two rollers for the purpose of delivering the dressed piece upon a table secured to the front stand and in front of said rollers; back of these rollers and parallel therewith I place two knife stocks t t connected at each end to guide pieces m m, m m securing those guide pieces in their proper position to the side pieces B, B, those guide pieces having freedom to move up or down, which movement is derived from rock shaft n, through arms and connecting bars secured to the rock shaft just outside of side pieces B, B. This rock shaft is placed beneath the knife stocks and parallel therewith, secured in bearings on side pieces B, B. To the knife stocks is attached the shaving knives, in such a manner as to be readily taken out or adjusted to the required position for use, the stocks holding and controlling the knives while in operation, as shown at Fig. 3. Upon these knife stocks and extending down near to the edge of the shaving knives I place two caps z' z' for the purpose of crippling or breaking up the shaving close down to, or back of, the edges of the knives, that the shavings may not split into the pieces or affect the operation of the shaving knives. Directly back of the shaving knives and parallel therewith, I construct two gates, swinging in a frame, which is bolted to side pieces B B. Those gates open when the piece for dressing is forced between them, they gripping the piece firmly and assist in guiding it to the shaving knives, they being connected together by sector gears, on one end of each hinge or fulcrum, and being held in their proper position by a spring attached to the back stands and connected to an arm on the upper sector gear. Back of these gates and parallel with them I place a roller R, as shown at Fig. 3, in such a manner that it may revolve as the rough piece is passing over it, preventing either end of the piece from dropping below the lower edge of the driving plate after passing off of the stationary table or plate. This stationary plate extends from side to side of the machine directly beneath the top of side pieces B, B, at the rear end, and extending up to within a proper distance of the guide roller R, the edge of the upper gate should rest on the shingle piece a little back of the lower gate, so as to keep the piece down on the roller that it may not crook above the driving plate as it is carried forward to be dressed, as shown at Fig. 3. On the opposite end of the crank shaft n from the large gear I secure a slotted arm u to which is attached two adjustable centers c c with adjustable rings w w fw. Upon these depends the relative movement of the shaving knives with the other parts of the machine connecting therewith through lever a which is connected at one end to rock shaft a, and resting uponv either of these rings as desired, having a ball weight hanging on the outer end for the purpose of keeping it in its place. The increase or diminuation of the centers 'U fv, by the application or removal of these guides or rings will vary the shape of the piece being dressed, an alteration that is necessary in dressing st-aves and headings, or different length shingles. Thus if the inner center be diminished 'and the outer center increased in size, by adjustable rings or otherwise, the length of the taper on the shingle will be increased, and the reverse of this will produce the reverse effect. I do not confine myselfto the exact number of these rings, or size of the centers, as the centers could be each formed of one piece of any size, which would produce the one shaped shingle, and by using different sizes for dierentshaped pieces dressed, would obtain the same results.

To the outer rim of the large gear I attach a connecting rod which connects to 'the driving plate giving it a reciprocating movement for the purpose of operating the splitting knife e at one end and clearing the stationary table of the rived pieces with both ends, the driving plate being secured in its proper position, by entering suitable grooves formed in the side pieces B, B, in the driving plate, and near its edges, I form slots y y, y y Vfor the purpose of attaching the arms of the riving knife e. The long slots are designed for using the knife e onv the 'front end of the driving plate, that the knife may traverse a less distance than the driving plate, and that being back of the gates, the short slots connect the splitting knife b to the back end of the driving plate traversing the same distance as the plate for the purposes of splitting pieces, as long as the machine will dress when fed in front for that purpose. In those slots y y, or g/ y, I place the riving knife arms f f, connecting the knife to the driver, the ends of those arms that are placed in the slots, are so formed, as seen by section T S, from F ig. 2 that by placing them into those slots and securing the knife 'in its place to the opposite ends a positive connection is formed to the driving plate, at the same time, giving the knife, that required freedom to rise or fall to suit the irregularities of the timber in passing through it.

Lever Z must be connected to the rock shaft with a yielding joint, in such a manner that it shall form a positive connection to a certain extent between the slotted arm u, and the shaving knives, this being suficient to control the shaving knives in their operation, but should a particle of timber get lodged between those knives, the yielding joint prevents accident to those parts of the machine, which would be the result of the usual constructed connections made in such cases. In making this yielding or suppositive connection of the movement from slotted arm u to the shaving knives, I construct the hub of lever Z in two parts, securing the parts together with screw bolts, which cause the hub to hug the rock shaft n, in such a manner as to insure a movement to the knives in their ordinary work.

On either side of roller R, or between the gates S, S, and the forward end of the stationary table, as shown in Fig. 3, I form open spaces 0, o, which I claim for the purpose of permitting refuse matter to drop beneath the machine, and not interfere with the shaving operation, the guide roller R preventing the piece intended to be dressed,

from dropping through the openings and guides it to the gates. At the eXtreme rear end of the machine and parallel with the movable riving knife I place a self adjustable riving knife for the purpose of dividing the piece which is split from the block by the riving knife c, this adjustable riving knife being elevated to the proper height from the stationary table to enter the piece directly in the center as the piece is carried off of the stationary table by the backward movement of the driving plate, thus dividing said piece directly through the center.

The operation is as follows: The machine has a double and single process for splitting to suit the quality of the timber to be worked. The inferior timber is placed upon the movable riving knife e at the back end of the machine, the driving plate in passing backward carries the riving knife e from I beneath the block of timber when the block is pressed down upon the driving plate, the riving knife e being elevated on the side pieces at a proper height to strike into the block on the forward movement of the driving plate and take a piece thick enough for two shingles from the block, which piece drops upon the stationary table as the driving plate passes from beneath it, and is carried backward and olf of the stationary table by the backward movement of the driving plate, being held down by the operator until it strikes the riving knife at the eXtreme rear end of the machine, which v knife divides the piece through the center,

making two pieces of the proper thickness for dressing. Those pieces are placed on the stationary table at the front end of the machine and all carried forward by the forward movement of the driving plate over the guide roller through the gates and shaving knives, the driving plate following the piece directly up to the shaving knives.

when t-he two rollers in front of the shaving knives deliver the dressed piece upon the front table, from where it is taken by hand and applied to the jointer wheel, which trims the edges when they are thrown off ready for use. The advantages derived from splitting inferior timber, by this double process, is in taking a piece from the bolt of sufficient thickness and strength, to prevent the breaking off, or out, after splitting a part way through, as in splitting a thin piece from such timber. The second splitting knife being started into the center of this double piece will readily divide it, there being equal strength of timber on each side of the knife, the machine at the same time dressing such pieces as may be selected suitable for the purpose. This also prevents the introduction of refuse pieces in the shaving knives, which would be the result of attempting to work inferior timber by t-he single splitting process. The better class of timber may be Worked on the front end of the machine by placing riving knife arms f in the long slots y, y, using the knife at the front end of the driving plate, the block being presented to the knife as before described, the knife being elevated to a proper height to take but one thickness from the block, which is carried directly through the dressing process by the forward movement of the driving plate and finished as before described. Should refuse matter collect between the shaving knives and prevent their closing, the clutch on shaft b must be thrown out of the small pinion or gear, by means of the lever connected thereto for that purpose, thus stopping the movement of the driving plate and the shaving knives, the screw bolts being loosed, in the hub of lever Z, the shaving knives are then opened and freed, being next set to the thickness desired, the screw bolts are again tightened, and the machine started olf as before.

Having thus fully described the construction, operation, and use of the parts specified,

l. I claim the slots y y, fj y, in the driving plate with the peculiar formed arms f f combined and connected substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. I claim the general arrangement of parts operating in t-he manner described, for the purposes set forth.

SIMEON MARSHALL.

Titnesses WM. B. BEMENT, EDWD. P. HALL.

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