US1850884A - Brick - Google Patents

Description

mventor mega BRICK G. B. KISSINGER Filed March 15, 1950 March 22Q 1932.

f7 I8/ I9 Y substantiallythe same strength' as anordi "5 Figure 1;

Patented Mar. 272V,

anonce n. risanare, or mancini man', nanrm'nn ,e Application inea' March 15, 1930'. yseran No. 436,134;

i This invention relates to building of the kind disclosedginmy application Serial No. 384,144,015 Which application thisV case is` a continuationin part;V

' 5 A The primary object ofthev invention is to provide abuilding brick ofgimprovedlconf struction, possessing many'desirable characf teristicsnot present in bricks as novv generally constructed, althoughl Vthe brick of this Y "i0 invention may be produced at,` substantially less cost than ordinary brick novv in common:v

use. l v y 1 p v A further object of thesinvention is to vprovide la brick thatinay be laid With the. saine 15 facility as an ordinaryvbrick, thoughfitfis of a hollowifconstruction. n, *i f A'furtherobject of the invention is tojpror Vvide a brickrthat may .belaidvvithfthesiune `p facility as an ,ordinarybrick Vbut that j-vvillV provide a mortar lock thereby Vincreasimgg; ythe rigidity of the'vvall. v 1,

A still further object ofthe Yinvention is to provide a brick of improvedvformaton, that maybe laid vvith'the same facility as ordi- 25 nary brick, but that Vwill result ina Wall thatis substantially dampfproof. Y l e c AV still further obje tof the invention is to provide a brick ofvhollow for1n,and of lesser Weightthan a solid brick butthat, has

nary solid brick.

, Furtherobjects of the invention reside in f to. Y i, i i-*Such re'cessefsmay be inade'in any num-V ber, rasmmay bejdeern'ed desirable. I Preferably 85 ythree such recessesare provided suchjas des'- 'ignated by the numerals 17 18 land'l, the re` V`ce'ss'es l extend into the body of ,thefbrickito 'a' point,n at least, as deep as a*planeparallel-y the. plOvision of a brick that Vis capable of 'being easily cutl or broken, that providesv :a4

mfull length structions, Y Y cheaply transported in View ofits lighter Weight, and that is inherently of such construction that Y enables it to, be readily used o as van anchorage for bonding or tying elements -of a composite brick and concrete or similar plastic construction. l

vbearing when used 'in Wall con-l 'Y Further objects of the invention tvill appear Y have a depth substantially sixlseventh's 'of as a description thereof proceeds, with refer- Y ence to the acconipanying drawings in which: .vievv of an 'improved Vlligure 1 is a'plan brick of this; invention.

" Figurev 2 isa longitudinal section taken on the plane 'throughout the several figures@V Y, Y Y j of this inventionvis so s that is capable of being morel igurej 3 transverse isectiontaken the plane indicated bythe .line 3f?) of Figf ure'1. 'i A Figure 4 isv'afra'ginental'vievv of a portion Y of a Wall lformed of the brick ofthis invention showing the preferred manner of use of the invention. l c

Like reference characters indicate like parts `The improved brick `constructed preferably of lthe-usual materials in the form of aparallelopiped, fivesiides 'lvvhicli `,constitute uninterruptedrplane surfaces. The 'ends ofthe brick are designated bythe numeralsV 1 1ai'i'dl2, the sides-bythe c5 numeralsl ,andlllil As clearly `indicated on the drawings, these sides are uninterrupted lanesurfaces as is customary in ordinary solid brick." Theto'pV bearing face of the'brick,

that is When the brickisusedin the preferred 70 way,s1desgnated bythe numeral '1a-and, as

,indicated 4in the? drawings,- said `surface likevvisejtc'oiistitutes an'v uninterrupted planev surface-fas 'isf'in ordinary brick. flThe' bearing lYsurfacethat constiteutes the under-sid'eof the 75 brick, when itis used in' the preferred manner, fis designatedby the "numeral 16j The l Y.brick is hollow'ed 'outtofproduce aliglitfconf struction, that v rjnaybe manufactured atlovvjer cost, because of tliezl ser' amount `material f so required, by 'formingfrecfesses of substantial depth from the bearing `face 16, i."efei"red ing ythebearinz'g' faces`15 and 16j and passing V*90,v through the center of thebrick, Vand prefer- V ably, substantially lbeyond,thispointl Asindicated in theadrawing*s'uchrecesses 'may the entire dimensionof vthe brick measured in the direction ofthe recesses; Y .Y lThe-recesses are'so formed that the dividi Y v '.ingvvalls 20- and 2 1 betvveenthe Yrecesses are indicated by linegQ-Z kof j preferably maintained of: suflicientthickness stantial strength extending across the body of the brick through the central portion thereof and serving to assist in supporting the load on the brick. The recesses 17, 18 and 19 are also so formed as to provide substantial bearing surfaces around the edges of the brick so that the strength of the brick is not substantially lessened by the formation of the recesses just referred to and to provide relatively wide bearingl surfaces completely,Y

around the brick;

formed in the brick are suitably rounded, as indicated at 22 and 23 ofthe drawings, producing in eflect arches that serve to rigidly support the top bearing face of the units when the bricks are put in use.

The brick is, preferably, hollowed out from one of the bearing surfaces for convenience in manufacture, though it should be understood that if deemed desirable, the recesses may be formed from any face yof the brick.

The recesses are preferably formed as shown in the drawings so that the sides thereof are slightly tapered. 1f desired, they may be substantially tapered, curved, or formed in any approved manner. Y The brick just described is used in the manner illustrated in Figure Ll, which shows a number ofthe bricks in usual superposed arrangement. It will be observed that the plane and uninterrupted bearing face 15 is disposed upwardly, and that the recesses open from the under bearing face of the brick, as clearly illustrated in dotted lines `in this iigure. inasmuch as the plane bearingface is presented upwardly, it will be readily understood that the bricks are laid in precisely the samemanner as an ordinary brick now in common use, the top or bearing surfaces providing the usual surface upon which the bricklayer spreads the mortar in the usual manner. It will be observed thatV when the bricks are placed upon the mortar thatV the settling of the bricks on the mortar will cause a portion of the latter to enter the bottom of the recesses 17, 18 and 19 serving to provide an interlock between the bricks and the layer of mortar. The wall thus formed is of substantially less weight than a wall formed of ordinary solid bricks. It has improved damp-proof characteristics, and at the same time the strength of the wall is not materially less than that of a wall formed of ordinary bricks, because of the manner in which the hollow recesses are formed therein.

The wall thusformed includes a multipli- City of dead air spaces providing substantial insulation from both heat and cold,so that buildings constructed from the improved brick of this'invention are cooler and more comfortable in summer and are more readily heated in winter. Y Y Y Y V The recesses in the ybrick are formed in such manner that the brick may be manu'-v factured with the same speed of ordinary brick, but at a reduced cost in view of the reduction in amount of material, and the saving of time necessary to burn or dry the brick with the consequent conservation of fuel. To this end the recesses are of sufficient length and width to enable this to be done, the length of .each recess measured in a direction parallel to the ends of the brick being more than one-halfthe width of the brick, while the Preferably the corners of the recesses .width of each recess is approximately onesixth of the length of the brick as shown on Vthe drawings.: ThatV is, each recess preferably has a cubical content approximating onetwelfth of Vthe cubical displacement of the whole brick and the cubicalcontent of the three recesses approximates one-'fourth of the displacement of the whole brick. The bricks also may be transported at lower cost because of their lowered weight.

The recesses in the brick just described,

Vmay be used toanchor bonding or tyingV elements, such elements being provided in this event with portions that may-be disposed between the layers of bricks and project upwardly into the recesses just referred to. If desired, the brick of this application may also be used conveniently to form a composite brick and-concrete wall.f Thatis, a wall in which a forni for the concrete is inveffect, produced by outer and 'inner spaced walls of a thickness ofV a single brick. In using the brick `of this invention in this way certain of the recessed bricks may be inverted so that the recesses therein opening upwardly and bonding or tying elements may be provided of a form that include projections that mayextend in the recesses that may in this event, beiilled withlmortar to firmly interlock the bonding or tying elements in the brick. The

Vcomposite wall is, of course, completed by filling the space between the outer and inner brick wall with concrete surrounding the bonding and tying elements just referred to.

The brick of the present invention is hollowed out from one face to the approximate The present embodiment is therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning andv l range of equivalelicyr of theclaims are there-b fore intended to be embraced therein.

What I claim and desire to secure by U.

Letters Patent is l. AV brick made of burned lire clay',ishale. or surface clay inthe form of aparallelo'piped' five sides of Which are'uninter'rupted plane surfaces, said brick .being provided with a plurality of relatively Wide and long recessesY formed from the sixth side which is the bearf ing face of the brick to a depth'extending at least to the planeY parallel to said bearing face that passes throughthe center of the f brick so that thev cubical content ofthe recesses approximates one-fourthof thecubical displacement of the brick and so that the surface. area exposed to the burning action is i. enlarged, the sides osaid recesses being slightlytapered and the' corners lon the interior of the brick being rounded V so that the v Walls ,defining said recesses simulate arches. 2. A brick made of burned fire-clay, shale, or surface clay, inthel form of a parallelopiped five sides of Which are uninterrupted lil.)

plane surfaces, saidbrick being hollowed out from the sixth side, Which is a bearing face of the brick, to the extent of approximately one-fourth of the cubical displacement of the ,Y v

brick and to a depth of'at leastthe plane'parallel to said bearing facethat passes throughy e the center of the brick, wherebyv the surface area of the brick exposed to the burning acf tion is enlarged. t

In testimony whereof I affix mysignature B. KISSINGER.

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