US1848039A - Deep boring machine - Google Patents

Description

March 1932- I w. ZIMMERMANN 1,848,039

15315. BORING MACHINE! Filed Jan. 56, 1951 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 IN vF/v ram March 1, 1932. w, ZMMERMANN 1,848,039

DEEPBORING MACHINE Filed Jan. 50. 1931 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 March 1, 1932. w 'z 1,848,039

. DEEP BORING MACHINE Filed Jan. 30, 1931 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 March 1, 1932. w, Z|MMERMANN 1,848,039

DEEP BORING MACHINE Filed Jan. 30, 1931 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 IIIIIIIIII Patented Mar. 1. 1932 UNITED STATES WILHELIM. ZIMMERMAITN,

or naxnmnz, (mam DEEP BORING mcnnm Application filed January 80, 1931, Serial No. 512,489, and in Germany December '12, 1929.

My invention relates to improvements in deep boring machines, and the object of the improvements is to provide a machine which can be used in connection with all the boring systems now in use such for example as systems in which the boring tool acts by percussion and is elevated and dropped by means of a rope or rods operated by means of rockable beams or pulleys, or systems in which boring is performed by means of a rotary tool removing the whole body of earth or the circumferential parts only, or systems in which the earth is removed bymeans of jets of I water. The machine is constructed so that as far as possible thediiferent elementsmay be used in various boring systems, so that the machine may be rearranged for'changing ing over from one system to another one in a simple way and by simple means. The machine is simple in construction, so that it may be manufactured at comparatively low cost notwithstanding the variety of uses thereof.

For the purpose of explaining the invention an example embodying the same has been shown in the accompanying drawings in which the same reference characters have been used in all the views to indicate corresponding parts. In said drawings,

Fig. 1 is an elevation showing the machine, Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1 and showing a detail in a position different from that shown in Fig. 1,

F ig. 3 is a sectional plan view on an enlarged scale taken on'the line 33 of Fig. 1.

Figs. 4 and 5 are diagrammatical elevations showing respectively the frame for operating the rope and the beam for operating a rope .or rods and the connection of the said parts with the operating mechanism,

Fig. 6 is a diagrammatical elevation showing elastic operating means for a rope pulley provided at the top of the derrick.

In the example shown in Figs. 1, 2 and3 the machine comprisesa frame- 140 mounted 5 on wheels 141. On the bottom part of the v said frame a drum 34, a driving shaft 23, a crank shaft 176 and a drum 64 are mounted. The drivin shaft 23 is connected with a driving motor y means of a belt pulley 'and a belt 21 trained thereon. The drum 34 is connected with a gear wheel 134 adapted for engagement with a pinion 24 axially shiftable and non-rotatable on the shaft 23, and on the crank shaft 17 6 a gear wheel 104 is mounted which is ada ted for engagement with a- 66 pinion 126'ax1ally shiftable on the shaft 23. The drum 64 is adapted to-be rotated from the shaft 23 by means of a chain and sprocket gearing comprising a sprocket wheel 127' mounted on the shaft 23, a chain 75 and a sprocket wheel 76 mounted on the shaft 164 of the drum 64.

The pinion 24 is connected to or made integral with a sleeve 101. Adjacent'to the said sleeve a. sprocket wheel 25 is loosely mounted A on the shaft 23 which is connected by a chain (not shown) withanother mechamsm such for example as the" winch for operating a flushing. tool. The sleeve 101 and the sprocket wheel 25 are provided with couplin lugs 224 and 125 respectively b means 0 which the sprocket wheel 25 is a apted to be coupled with the driving shaft 23. As is shown in Fig. 3 the pinion 24, the sprocket wheel 25 and their couplin lugs are spaced 7 from each other sufiicient y to perimt the. pinion 24 to be set in an intermediate position in which'it is out of engagement with both parts.

Any known or preferred means may be 00 provided for shifting the pinion. In the example shown in Fig. 3 the sleeve 101 is connected by a bifurcated member 102 with a. crank arm secured to a shaft 103 adapted to be rocked by means of an arm 54 for setting 88 the pinion 24 either into position for connecting the drum 34 with the shaft 23 or in intermediate or inoperative position, or into position for coupling the sprocket wheel 25 with the shaft 23.

Similar means may be provided for shifting the pinion 126 into and out of engagement with the gear wheel 104, and the hub of the said pinion is provided with coupling lugs 127 adapted for engagement with 05 similar coupling lugs provided on the sprocket wheel 127'. In the position of the parts shown in Fig. 3 the hub of the pinion 126 is in position for connecting the sprocketwheel with the shaft and disconnecting the 0 crank shaft 176 from the said shaft, so that the drum 64 is operated from the shaft 23. Fig. 3 shows that also the pinion 126 may be set into intermediate or inoperative position. Preferably the mechanism for shifting the pinion 126 is located near the shaft 103 and the arm 54, so that both mechanisms may be operated from the same part of the machine.

On the top part of the frame 140 a shaft 143 is mounted on which a frame 29 is rockingly supported. As appears more particularly from Fig. 2, the frame 29 comprises two channel irons. Near the free end of the frame 29 a pulley 32 is rotatably mounted,

' and a similar pulley 31 cooperating therewith is rotatably mounted on the shaft 143. To the bottom side of the said frame a bracket 121 is secured which provides a bearing for a pivot bolt 120 engaged by a connecting rod 28. The said connecting rod is adapted to be ointed with its bottom end to a crank pin 127 secured to a crank 27 of the crank shaft 176. The frame 29 is adapted to be set into elevated or inoperative position by disconnecting the connecting rod 28 from the crank pin 127 and supporting the same with its bottom end on a pin 128 secured to a strut 129 of the frame 140. For permitting the rod 28 to be shifted out of engagement with the crank pin 127 the pivot bolt 120 is comparatively long so that the connecting rod 28 has sufficient play thereon, the said play being indicated in Fig. 2 by the arrows 122. The rod 28 is held in the proper position on the bolt 120 by being connected to the crank pin 127 by means of a key 130 or the like. Instead of supporting the connecting rod 28 on the strut 129 other means may be provided. Fig. 1 shows a modification in which a rod 97 is jointed to the bottom part of the frame 140, which rod is adapted to be'temporarily connected with a pin 96 secured to the frame 29. Further, the connecting rod 28 may be temporarily supported by means of a. chain 98 attached to the rod 97 at 99 and adapted to be connected to the bottom part of the connecting rod 28;"

To the top part of the frame 140 a frame member 1 is secured which provides a support for a rockable beam 58. The said beam is adapted to be connected at 63' by a rod 63 with the crank pin 127 as is shown in Fig. 1, and at its end remote from the rod 63 it is adapted to have rods or a rope carrying the boring tool connected thereto, Fig. 1 showing rope clamping means 66 of any known or preferred construction. The beam is adapted to be disconnected from the crank pin 127 by shifting the same and the rod 6; transversely of the frame 140. For this purpose the fulcrum 61 of the beam is axially shiftable on transverse guide ways 62 mounted on the frame member 1 and a screw mechanism (not shown in Fig. 1) is provided for transversely shifting the bearing 61 on the guide ways 62, Fig. 1 showing only a sprocket wheel 60 and a chain 59 for operating the screw.

The connecting rod 63 is passed through the frame 29, and it is adapted to be disconnected from the crank 27 and the beam 58. In order that it is not necessary, after disconnecting the crank from the said parts to remove the same from the machine it is supported with its lower eye on a transverse pin 124 and it is held more or less in vertical position by any suitable means. Now-the beam 58 may be shifted laterally by means of the chain 59.

If the frame 29 is sufficiently broad it is not necessary to disconnect the connecting rod 63 from the beam 58 when the said beam is shifted into inoperative position and laterally of the well. In this case the connecting rod 63 is shifted laterally within the frame 29 until the eye provided at the bottom thereof is removed from the crank pin. 127, and it is supported for example on the pin 124 secured to the frame.

On the drum 34 a rope 33 is wound, which is trained on the pulley 31 and 32 and passed upwardly therefrom to the top of the derrick, where it is trained on a pulley 128 described hereinafter. The said rope is attached to the boring tool, and it is adapted to set the same in the proper position relatively to the bottom of the well. On the drum 64 a rope 65 is trained which is passed upwardly therefrom to the top of the derrick, and which is used when a rope carrying the boring tool 1 is attached to the beam 58 for operating the beam on the percussion principle.

In the position of the parts shown in Fig.

1 the beam 58 is used for boring, and its connecting rod 63 is jointed to the crank pin 27. 105 The frame 29 is in inoperative position, and

it is supported by means of its connecting rod 28 on the strut 129, or by means of the rod 97 connected to the pin 96. To the free end of the beam 58 the rods carrying the boring tool are attached. The pinion 24 has been shifted out of the position shown in Fig. 3 into inoperative position and the pinion 126 has been shifted into'engagement with the gear wheel 104. WVhen starting the motor, 1 the crank shaft 176 is rotated, thus reciprocating the beam 58 in the manner known in the art.

If it is desired to operate the boring tool by means of a rope, the said rope is attached to 2 the clamp 66 shown in Fig. 1, inwhich case also the drum 64 and the rope 65 trained thereon are needed.

If it is desired to operate the tool by means of the rockable frame 29 the rope 33 is at- 125 tached to the tool. and it is trained on the pulleys 128, 32. 31. The rod 63 is disconnected from the beam 58 and the crank 12 and supported in vertical position on the pin 124. If the breadth of the frame 29 is suf- 1 M ficient, the rod is merely disconnected from the crank pin 127, and it is shifted together with the beam 58 transversely of the machine, which beam is shifted out of working position by means of the screw mechanism operated by the chain 59 and the sprocket wheel 60. The pinion 24 is shifted into position for engagement with the gear wheel 134, and the boring tool islifted or lowered into the proper position relatively to the bottom of the well by turning the drum 34 through the intermediary of the pinion 24, the shaft 23, and the pulley 20 from the motor. In the meantime the pinion 126 was out of engagement with the gear wheel 104 and it is now shifted into engagement therewith, while the pinion 24 is shifted out of engagement with the gear wheel 134. The connecting rod 28 is connected to the crank pin 127, and the rod 97 is removed from the frame 29. If now the motor is again started the frame is rocked upwardly and downwardly for alternately lifting and dropping the boring tool, as is known in the art.

In Figs. 4 and 5 I have illustrated the construction of the frame 29 and beam 58 and the parts connected therewith, the said parts being arranged so that when operating the tool by means of the frame 29 or the rockable beam 58 the power of the percussion is increased by simple means. For this purpose the crank 27 driving either the frame 29 controlling the rope 33 or the beam 58 is mounted relatively to the parts driven thereby so that for throwing the tool downwardly a comparatively small angle of the rotation of the crank is used. Figs. 4 and 5 show the said connections-in a diagrammatical way.

Fig. 4 shows the construction of the beam 29. The rope 33 coming from the top of the derrick is trained on the pulley 32 mounted at the end of the frame 29 and thereafter it is trained on the pulley 31. The free end of the beam is connected by the connecting rod 28 with the driving crank 27.

As is shown in Fig. 4, the axis of the crank 27 is located laterally of the chord connecting the dead centers 113 and 114 of the frame 29, and therefore the said dead centers do not correspond to the dead centers of the crank 27. While lifting the frame 29 from the point 113 to the point 114 the crank is rotated through an angle 105 which is smaller than 180. and while rocking the frame downwardly the crank is rotated through an angle 106 which is larger than 180. By varying the relative osition of the parts 27, 31, 32, the difierence tween the said angles of the crank and therefore the paths of the crank pin for moving the rope upwardly and downwardly may be further increased.

The smaller path 105 of the crank corresponds to the upward movement of the pulley 32 and therefore to the percussion movement of the tool so that the efiect of the percussion is increased. The downward movement of the pulley 32 corresponds to the upward movement of the boring tool, and it is comparatively slow and smooth which is important for reducing the wear of the machine and increasing the life thereof. Fig. 4 also shows that the are described by the end of the frame 29' may be located so that its chord extending between the points 113 and 114 is perfectly or nearly parallel to the rope 33. Therefore the transverse displacement of the pulley 32'relatively to the rope 33 is small, so that the lateral displacement of the rope 331s comparatively small-and does not interfere with the operation of the apparatus.

In the construction shown in Fig. 5 the rods 112 are supported on the beam 58 at 111 in the manner known in the art, the said beam having its fulcrum at'61. The connecting rod 63 is connected to the beam 58 at 63, which point is located a little above the beam 58. By reason of the relative positions of the points 61, 63' and 111, the beam 58 has the same function as a bell crank lever. The operative points of the beam are represented by the points 113, 61, 113, 114 and 114.

The axis of the crank 27 is located laterally of the chord of the arc 113114' described by the point 63 and so that the upward movement of the connecting rod 63 is completed within comparatively small angle 107 while the downward movement is completed within a comparatively large angle 108. Therefore the upward and downward movements of the rods 112 carrying the boring tool correspond to the movements described with reference to Fig. 4..

If the parts are disposed relatively to one another so that in its median position the free arm of the beam located between the points 61 and 111 is horizontal, the joint of the rods 112 moves through a flat arc 113-114 the chord of which is vertical and parallel to the rods112, so that only small transverse movements are imparted to the rods.

During the boring operation and particularly in percussion boring by means of a tool suspended by means of a rope, the said rope passed over the head of the derrick and carrying the boring tool issubject to high strain. In my improved system the high strain is reduced by yieldingly supporting the shaft of the rope pulley. This construction is shown in Fig. 6.

. The bearings 130 of the shaft 129 on which 128 elastically supported on the s rings 131.

If now in percussion The elasticity of the sprin s 131 must be adapted to the forces exerte by boring. If the springs are too long the work of the crank 27 would be reduced too far by the upward and downward movements of the pulley 128. Therefore the springs are held under a certain tension. For this reason countersprings 132 are provided which are supported at their bottom ends on the bearings for the shaft 129, and which bear at their top ends on lates 133 adapted to be set upwardly and ownwardly by any known or preferred means. By setting the plates 133 in vertical direction both sets of springs 131 and 132 can be simultaneously set to the desired tension.

The manner of supporting the bearings 130 in lateral direction is immaterial as far'as the invention is concerned. Further my'invention is not limited to the use of coiled springs, and I wish it to be understood that other elastic means such as springs of other form, bodies" of rubber etc. may be used.

In order to produce a machine which is simple in construction and operation the number of the levers necessary for rearranging the apparatus from one boring system to another one is reduced to a minimum. By thus reducing the number of the parts to be operated errors in the operation of the machine are avoided.

I claim:

1. A well boring machine comprising a frame a beam rockingly mounted thereon and adapted to be connected with a boring tool, a rockable frame comprising a pair of members horizontally spaced from each other and adapted to control by its rocking movement the upward and downward movement of a rope carrying a boring tool, mechanism for operating said rockable frame, and mechanism comprising a connecting rod extending through said rockable frame between the spaced members thereof for rocking said beam.

2. A well boring machine, comprising a frame, a rockable member adapted to be connected with a boring tool for lifting and dropping the same, a rotary crank and its crank pin, a pivot bolt mounted on said rockable member, and a connecting rod connecting said pivot bolt and crank pin, said pivot bolt having a length such that said connecting rod is adapted to be shifted axially thereon and out of engagement with said crank 1n. p In testimony whereof I hereunto alfix my signature. 7

WILHELM ZIMMERMANN.

CERTIFICATE or CORRECTION.

Patent No. 1,848,039. March 1, 1932.

WILHELM ZIMMERMANN.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 1, in the heading to printed specification, date of filing application-in Germany, for "December 12, 1929" read December 18, 1929; and that the said Lettersv Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 6th day of September, A. D. 1932.

M. J. Moore,

( Seal) Acting Commissioner of Patents.

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