US1845575A - Motor and motor horn - Google Patents

Description

" Feb. 1 -192.2. HERO I 845,575

MOTOR AND MOTOR HORN Filed April 25, 1925 2 SheetsSheet l Feb. 16, 1932. J. M. AUFlERO MOTOR AND MOTOR HORN Filed April 25, 1925 2 Sheets-5heet 2 V V III-Ill mmm llllllll| :mliiii 5 E; mm

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INVENTOR ATTORNEYS ca bH Patented 'Feb. 16, 1932 r UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE JOHN M. aurmno, or BROOKLYN, new Yonx moron AND moron HORN I Application filed April 25, 1925. Serial No. 25,741.

This invention relates to a functionally 2 and 5 are preferably inclined forwardly and structurally improved acoustical warnas indicated; and the normally-fiat margin of ing signal, capable of use in numerous difthe diaphragm is clamped between these 0pferent associations, but primarily intended posed faces, as by bolts, preferably with for employment on vehicles such as automowashers interposed. When said clamping- 55 biles. faces are forwardly inclined, their forward It is an object of the invention to provide inclination imparts flexing-stress around an apparatus of this character embodying the outer portions of the diaphragm, and relatively few parts each individually simple tends to maintain the central portion of the and rugged in construction, these parts being diaphragm normally flexed forward. Pref- 60 largely capable of manufacture by automatic erably the diaphragm may be rovided near machinery, and moreover capable of assemits mar in with reverse annu ar rooves 6, blage by relatively unskilled labor, and when which facilitate the vibrating o the diaso assembled providing a warning signal phragm. Through the center of the diaoperating over long periods of time with freephragm extends a screw-threaded rod 7 .seas done from electrical and mechanical diifieulcured thereto in any desired manner and ties. which provides or mounts a reciprocatory A further object of the invention is that pole-piece 8 whose solenoid-like movements of furnishing a signal which will produce a (as below set forth) coact with the resiliency sound of maximum carrying power and of the diaphragm to vibrate the latter. The 10 pleasing tone and which, moreover, will not 'rear face of said pole-piece 8 is cylindrically alarm pedestrians. concave to conform to the athway of arma- With these and further objects in mind ture-arms (to be described reference is had to the attached sheets o Preferably a relatively-stiff spring serves drawin illustrating one practical embodlas a positive limit to the rearward movement ment of the invention, and in whlch of said pole-piece. It is hereshown as a flat Fig. I is a longitudinal section through a spring 9, transversely disposed behind said motor-horn containing the invention, taken ring 5, and anchored thereto at its outer end,

through the sectional-line I-I of Fig. III; while its inner end is connected to the pole- Fig. II is a horizontal section of the same piece. This spring, when present, prevents 3g motor-horn, taken through the sectional-line said reciprocatory pole-piece from contacting III of Fig. III, at right-angles to Fig. I; with the rotary armature; it also controls the Fig. III is a transverse section through the pathway of said pole-piece; and it further assame horn; sists the resilience of the diaphragm in restor- Fig. IV is a face-view of the diaphragm; mg the latter to normal position after each as.

and rearward movement towards the motor.

, Fig. V is a detail, showing the rear fac of The motor-frame lOhas outwardly-turned the reciprocatory pole-piece and of a flat feet which are securedto inwardly-projecting spring connected to it. portlons of the rear ring 5, as by screws or By means of a laterally-extending arm 1 inbolts 10 (see Fig. III) This frame 10 is protegral with or attached to a stout ring 2, vided with suitable journal-bearings for the which carries an amplifying-horn 3, the enends of a rotary armature-shaftlhwhich cartire structure may be secured at the desired ries an armature and an adjacent-commutalocation upon an automobile or other suitable tor. The armatureconsists of a hub having support. The margin of a diaphragm 4. is one or more,preferably two, symmetricallyclamped against the rear face of said ring 2 arranged pairs of oppositely-disposed arms b the front face of a stout rear clampingor spools, each armterminating'in a shoe 12 ring 5, which supports the motor-frame and whose outer face is cylindrically convex to also a shell or rear casing that encloses the enconform to the Concave face of said r ipo tire motor. The opposed faces of said rings rocatory pole-piece 8. Each of said spools is independently wound, with like turns, in circuit with its own commutator-segment, said commutator having one segment for each arm of the armature. A yoke 13, of magnetic material, and preferably of laminated structure, is mounted on the motor-frame to encircle the armature at right-angles to its shaft, the two ends of said yoke terminating in parallel inturned feet 14, separated by an air-gap within which reciprocates said pole piece 8. Diametrically opposite to said airgap, said yoke is provided with its one fixed pole-piccolo, whose face is cylindrically concave, like the face of the opposite and complementary pole-piece 8, to conform to the pathway of the armature-shoes 12 as they travel around successively confronting the two complementary pole-pieces. A field-coil 16, suitably supported in a zone parallel to the axis of the armature, operatively encircles the air-gap and the reciprocatory polepiece therein.

One of the two main circuit-wires leads from any suitable source of current, as the storage-battery of the automobile, to one end of the field-co1l wire; and the current passes thence, through the field-coils, to one of the two brushes presented by the motor-frame in operative relation to the commutator. The current passes out from the opposite brush to the other main circuit-wire. The opening and the closing of the circuit through the motor is controlled by any suitable switch, preferably one actuated by a convenientlylocated push-button (not shown).

hen the motor is energized by the admission of current, its armature rotates; and as each one of its (four) shoes 12 comes within the magnetic field of said fixed pole-piece 15, its opposite or complementary shoe simultaneously comes within the magnetic field of the aforesaid air-gap, and a solenoid-like effect is exerted upon the reciprocatory polepiece 8, drawing the latter and the center of the diaphragm rearwardly against the increasing tension of the diaphragm itself (and against the increasing tension of said limiting-spring 9) and as the opposite shoes of each pair of arms pass out of said magnetic fields, the stored tension of the diaphragm (and of spring 9) overcomes the solenoidlike effect and restores the reciprocatory polepiece and the center of the diaphragm to (and possibly beyond) normal position. Consequently the revolutions of the armature are attended by a regularly-recurrent toand-fro vibration of the diaphragm, which sets up sound-waves corresponding approximately to a sinusoidal curve. That is, the new motor-horn emits a practically-pure musical note of great volume, which may be amplified by providing a trumpet of the proper dimensions corresponding to the frequency of the vibrations.

The annular reverse grooves 6 might be disfor vibrating the diaphragm, or the same power produces sound-waves of greater amplitude. The angle of inclination of the opposed faces, between which the diaphragm is clamped, might be varied considerably, and indeed the diaphragm might be so clamped as to lie normally in a flat plane, its resiliency serving, on reaction, to complete the full vibration; but some appreciable forward inclination of said faces, and the resultant normal maintenance of the forward bulge of the diaphragm, are preferred as affording a more positive return-action of the diaphragm.

The motor has a plurality of oppositely-disposed arms with shoes, here disclosed as four in number, constituting two pairs. It is preferable to have at least two pairs, or four arms; because this ensures a more steady and dependable rotation of the motor. And, for vibratin g the diaphragm of a motor-horn, it is preferable to have not more than four arms, lest the frequency of the resultant vibrations be too high, and the resultant signal be too high-pitched or shrill.

It is obvious that the novel diaphragm, constructed and mounted as herein disclosed, might be vibrated by other actuating-means than as herein set forth; but it is especially designed to be vibrated by a rotary electric motor, and particularly by one actuating a reciprocatory pole-piece. It is also obvious that the novel motor might be employed in any service where a-reciprocatory motion is to be produced; but it is especially designed for vibrating an acoustic diaphragm, inasmuch as the latter has a natural frequency of its own, and therefore reacts on the motor as an escapement or regulator. A motor-horn combining the novel diaphragm and the novel motor, both as herein disclosed, when energized by a G-ampere current, emits a beautiful and smooth signal that can be recognized approximately two miles away; yet, to persons near by, the signal is neither harsh, shrill nor over-startling.

The invention has now been described in full detail; and it is to be understood that the following claim is intended to cover all of the generic and specific features of the invention herein described, and all statements of the scope of the invention which as a matter of language might be said to fall therebetween.

Having thus described my invention, I claim and desire to secure by Letters-Patent the following:

A warning signal including, in combination, a vibratory diaphragm, a pole piece extending rearwardly thereof and secured thereto, a yoke including spaced arms between which said pole piece is disposed, a rotary armature extending within said yoke and having its arms moving in a path adjacent said pole piece, a commutator forming a part

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