US1845074A

US1845074A - Rotary hammer drill

Info

Publication number: US1845074A
Application number: US476683A
Authority: US
Inventors: Billstrom Gustavis Adolphis
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1930-08-20
Filing date: 1930-08-20
Publication date: 1932-02-16
Anticipated expiration: 1949-02-16

Description

Feb. 16, 1932. e. A. BILLSTROM ROTARY HAMMER DRILL Filed Aug. 20. 1930 gwua'ntov a (2m Infill Mme Patented Feb. 16, 1932 PATENT OFFICE UNITED STATES GUSTAVIS ADOLPHIS BILLSTBOI, 01: READ, COLORADO ROTARY HAMMER DRILL Application filed August 20, 1930. Serial No. 476,683.

This invention is a novel improvement in rotary hammer drills and the'prlncipal object of the hammer drill particularly adapted for o land water well drilling and for mineral and m ne tests and the like, my novel drill being adapted to take the place of the rotary drllls now in use and being adapted to drill a core readily and efliciently through any stratum or rock which it may encounter in such drilling operation.

A furtherobject of the invention is to r o= vide a combined hammer and rotary 13111 in which the hammer is positively rotated and in turn rotates by friction the drill bit by reason of complementary ratchet teeth on the hammer and bit, the teeth of the hammer sliding over the teeth of the bit when the rotatable bit is held stationary or rotation sufliciently retarded by engagement 0 to enable others familiar with the art to adopt and use the same; and will summarize in P the claims the novel features of COIlStIIlClZlOIl,

and novel combinations of parts, for which protection is desired.

In said drawings Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section through one form of my novel rotary hammer drill showing the hammer in normal position.

Fig. 2 is a similar longitudinal section through a modified form.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view showing the hammer in raised position and the ratchet teeth of the hammer on the point of sliding over the upper ends of the teeth on the bit, to

invention is to provide a rotary' hereinafter described. Around the reduced permit a blow by the hammer on the cutting head of the bit.

Fig. 4 is a section on the line 44 Fig. 3.

As shown my invention comprises a block 1 of suitable weight, shape and proportions slightly reduced in diameter at each end forming a central annular shoulder, the reduced portions being externally threaded. Block 1 is provided with a central bore 1a extending entirely through the block which bore is tapped at its upper end to receive the threaded lower end. of a pipe 3. Threaded onto the lower end of block 1 is a drill bit 2 of an desired type having an internally threa ed annular'fiange 20 on its upper end adapted to engage the threaded lowerend of block 1. Bit 2 is also provided with .an axial bore 2?) which registers with bore 1a of block 1. Threaded onto the upperf end of block 1 is a cylindrical casing 4 housing the pipe '3,'the block 1, bit 2, pipe 3, and easing 4 rotating as a unit. Upon the upper end of block 1 within the casing 4 are raised annularly arranged ratchet teeth 16,

one face of each of the teeth 16 being out ver- 5 tically or parallel with the axis of pipe 3.

Above block 1 within casing 4 is a slidable rotating hammer 5, having an axial bore 5a loosely receiving pipe 3, and having a reduced lower end 56 of diameter slightly less than the internal diameter of the annular teeth 16 on block 1,' said reduced end 56 being adapted to fit within teeth lb'and strike a blow upon the upper end of the block 1 as ortion 5b,of hammer 5 are annular disposed ratchet, teeth 50 corresponding with and complementary tothe ratchet teeth 16 on block 1, the said teeth 50 and 1?) being normally in engagement, but when hammer 5 is rotated in'the direction of the arrowFigs. 1, 2, 3 with respect to. block 1 the cam action of the ratchet teeth 50 sliding over teeth 1b will lift hammer 5 away from block 1 until teeth 50 run over' the the tops of their related teeth 16 at which time hammer 5 will drop down again to strike a blow upon block 1 due to the action of springs 9 and the perpendicularity of one face of each of said teeth. Preferably the tips of teeth 50 lie slightly above the end of reduced portion 5?) so that the hammer impact will be delivered by portion 5?) uponthe center of block 1 within the ratchet teeth 1?) instead of being delivered by teeth 50 upon teeth 15.

The upper end of hammer 5 is slightly reduced in diameter as at 5d to receive the open end of a cylindrical cap 6 which cap is adapted to telescope the hammer 5. The closed upper end 6a of cap 6 is provided with a tapped central bore which receives the lower threaded end of the main or upper rotating pipe 7 whereby as pipe 7 is rotated the cap 6 will likewise be rotated. The lower pipe 3 extends upwardly from block 1 through hammer 5, through cap 6, and enters into the lower end of pipe 7, pipe 8 being slightly smaller in diameter than pipe 7. Rotation of pipe 7' does not necessarily rotate pipe 8 and block 1, the block 1 being rotated as hereinafter described. The cap 6 is provided adjacent its lower open end with two sets of diametrically opposed longitudinal slots 6?) adapted to engage four studs 50 tapped into theside of hammer 5 adjacent its upper end whereby hammer 5 1S permitted to telescope the cap 6 a distance sufficient to permit its ratchet teeth 50 to override the ratchet teeth 12') of block 1, while causing hammer 5 to be positively rotated by and with pipe 7 by means of cap 6. Hence pipe 7, cap 6, and hammer 5 always rotate together as a unit. The heads of studs preferably lie substantially flush with the outer periphery of cap 6 so as to form a smooth outer surface for cap 6 which rotates within the cylindrical casing 4.

Threaded into the upper end of the cylindrical casing i is a hen ring block 8 provided with a central bore 80 for the passage therethrough of pipe 7, the ends of the bore 8a being countersunk to form tapered bearing seats 87) into the upper one of which enters an annular tapered shoulder 7a formed upon the pipe 7. shoulder seating in the top bearing seat 81) and carrying the entire weight of pipe 7. A similar annular tapered shoulder 60 is provided on the head 6a of cap 6 surrounding pipe 7, which shoulder 60 engages the lower tapered bearing seat 8?) in the bearing block 8.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 3 within cap 6 and around pipe 3 between the head 601 and hammer 5 is a coiled spring 9. If desired a buffer plate 6d may be inserted between spring 9 and hammer 5. As the hammer 5 is moved upwardly in the casing 2 as hereinafter described spring 9 will be compressed as in Fig. 3 storing up energy to drive the hammer 5 downwardly when the ratchet teeth 50 of hammer 5 slide over the tops of the teeth 1?) of block 1.

In Fig. 2 a modification is shown in which spring 9 is replaced by a compressible casing 9a, said casing being annular in shape and fitting around pipe 3 and having a valve stem 95 passing through the head 6a of cap 6 which stem may be provided with the usual Valve 90,

whereby the casing may be charged with air or other compressible fluid. The compressible fluid casing 9a operates in substantially the same manner as the spring 9.

The upper end of easing 4 is closed by a.

head 10 having a bore 10a and a stuffing box 11 surrounding pipe 7. In assembling the rotary hammer drill, bit 2 is threaded onto the lower end of block 1, and pipe 3 threaded into the upper end of block 1; casing 4 is then threaded onto the upper end of block 1 over the ratchet teeth 1?). Spring 9 or the compressible casing 9a is then placed into the cap 6 with the valve 9a extending through the head 6a and hammer 5 inserted into cap 6. The holes for the studs 50 of the hammer should then be aligned with the enlarged holes at the lower end of slots 6?) of cap 6, and screws 5e inserted and screwed down until the head of the screws lie within the walls of cap 6 and the bolt heads are in line with the slots 6?). The air sack 9a should then be pumped to whatever pressure needed to strike the proper blow, governed by the hardness of the rock. Then assemble the bearing block 8 by placing the bearings into the block and insert block 8 against the bearing 60 of the head 6a of cap 6 and extend drive pipe 7 through the bearing block 8 and screw the pipe into cap 6 until the shoulder 7a on pipe 7 rests against the upper bearing seat 87). Place members 5. 6, 7 and 8 into casing 4 and screw bearing block 8 to the bottom of the threads in casing 4; then slip head 10 over pipe 7 and screw into casing 4. Pack stuffing box 11 on head 10 and screw into place around pipe 7. The machine is now ready for drilling.

The machine is then lowered into the bottom of the well and operates as follows; the cutting edges of the drill bit 2 take hold of thebottom of the well and hold the bit 2, and block 1 with its ratchet in an initial stationary position. The drive pipe 7 is then revolved in the direction of the arrow Fig. 1 and cap 6 and hammer 5 are accordingly rotated. The ratchet teeth 50 on hammer 5 tend to climb over the ratchet teeth 1?) on block 1 which raises hammer 5 upwardly and compresses the air easing 9a or spring 9. As teeth 50 slide over teeth 15 the hammer 5 is forcibly driven down against the head of block 1, transferring the blow to the drill bit 2. causing the cutting edges to penetrate the bottom of well. The friction of the ratchet teeth 5b which is exerted on the ratchet teeth 1?) of block 1 causes the entire assembly to rotate as it cuts until bit 2 15 restrained from rotation due to its engagement with the ground: and immediately the"hammer is raised and a blow impacted upon the block 1 of the bit which should dislodge the bit or free same from its restraining element.

The usual water circulation passes through

pipes

7 and 3 at the center of the assembly and passes out through the holes 26 in the bottom of drill bit 2 removing the cuttings. I do not limitmy invention to the exact forms shown in the drawings for obviously.

'overrunning of the hammer teeth upon restrained rotation of the drill bit to raise the hammer and compress the compressible member thereby augmenting the weight of the hammer on its down stroke when the teeth re-engage. v

2. 'In a drill as set forth in claim 1; said ratchet teeth being annularly arranged, and a reduced end on the hammer disposed centrally of its teeth adapted to engage the bit centrally of its teeth when the teeth are ena ed. g In a drill as set forth in claim 1, said compressible member comprising a coiled spring above the end of the hammer within the cap.

4. In a drill as set forth in claim 1, said compressible member comprising a compresbore; a hammer member slidably and rotatably mounted on said pipe above the bit; a

4 cap around the upper end of said-hammer having a splined engagement therewith;

, means for preventing separation of the drill bit and cap; a'rotary drive pipe for rotating the cap, the fixed pipe loosely entering the lower end of the drive pipe; a compressible member within the cap; and-normally engaging ratchet teeth on the bit and hammer for rotating by friction the bit with the hammer, and for permitting overrunning of the hammer teeth upon restrained rotation of the drill bit to raise the hammer and compress the compressible member, thereby augmenting the weight of the hammer on its down stroke when the teeth re-engage.

6. In a drill as set forth in claim 5; said ratchet teeth being annularly arranged, and I a reduced end on the hammer disposed centrally of its teeth adapted to engage the bit .centrally of its teeth when the teeth are engaged.

7. In a drill as set forth in claim 5; said compressible member comprising a coiled spring above "the end of the hammer within the ca 8. n a drill as set forth in claim 5, said compressible member comprising a compressible fluid chamber abovethe end of the hammer within the cap; a stem on the chamber extending through cap; and a valve in said stem.

9. A rotary hammer drill comprising a drill bit; a cylindrical casing secured to the upper end of said bit; a cylindrical hammer slidably and rotatably mounted within the casing; a cap around the upper end of said hammer having a splined engagement therewith; a bearing in the upper .end of the easing for preventingseparation of the drill bit and cap; means for rotating the cap; a compressible member within the cap; and normally engaging ratchet teeth on the bit and hammer for rotating by frictlon the bit with the hammer, and for permitting overrunning of the hammer teeth upon restrained rotation of the drill bit to raise the hammer and compress the compressible member, thereby augmenting the weight of the hammer on its down stroke when the teeth re-engage.

10. In a drill as set forth in claim 9; said ratchet teeth being annularly arranged, and a reduced end on the hammer disposed centrally of its teeth adapted to engage the bit centrally of its teeth when the teeth are enga e 11. In a drill as set forth in claim 9, said compressible member comprising a coiled spring above the end of the hammer within the cap.

12. In a drill as set forth in claim 9, said compressible member comprising a compressible fluid chamber above the end of the hammer within the cap; a stem on the chamber extending through cap; and a valve in said stem.

13. A rotary hammer drill comprising a drill bit; a cylindrical casing secured to the upper end of said bit; a cylindrical hammer slidably and rotatably mounted within the casing; a cap around the upper end of said hammer having a splined engagement therewith; a bearing in the upper end of the easing for maintaining the cap and drill bit in fixed relation; a driving member extending down through the bearing for rotating the cap; a tapered shoulder on said driving mem ber engaging a tapered bearing seat in the block for supporting the driving member; a compressible member within the cap; and normally engaging ratchet teeth on the block and hammer for rotating by friction the bit with the hammer, and for permitting overrunning of the hammer teeth upon restrained rotation of the drill bit to raise the hammer and compress the compressible member, thereby augmenting the weight of the hammer on its down stroke when the teeth reengage.

. 14. In a drill as set forth in claim 13, said ratchet teeth being annularly arranged, and a reduced end on the hammer disposed centrally of its teeth adapted to engage the bit centrally of its teeth when the teeth are engaged. v

15. In a drill as set forth in claim 13, said compressible member comprising a coiled spring above the end of the hammer within the cap.

16. In a drill as set forth in claim 13, said compressible member comprising a compressible fluid chamber above the end of the hammer within the cap; a stem on the chamber extending through cap; and a valve in said stem.

17. A rotary hammer drill, comprising a drill bit having a bore; a cylindrical casing secured to the upper end of said bit; a pipe extending upwardly through the casing and fixed in the bore; a cylindrical hammer around the pipe and slidably and rotatably mounted within the casing; a cap around said pipe and around the upper end of said ham mer having a splined engagement with the hammer; a bearing in the upper end of said casing; said cap engaging the lower end of the block to prevent separation of the cap and drill bit; a drive pipe for rotating the cap; said drive pipe extending down through the bearing; a tapered shoulder on said pipe engaging a tapered bearing seat in the bear ing for supporting the weight of the drive pipe; the upper end of the fixed pipe entering the lower end of the drive pipe; a compressible member within the cap; and normally engaging ratchet teeth on the bit and hammer for rotating by friction the bit with the hammer, and for permitting overrunning of the hammer teeth upon restrained rotation of the drill bit to raise the hammer and compress the compressible member, thereby augmenting the weight of the hammer on its down stroke when the teeth re-engage.

18. In a drill as set forth in claim 17; said ratchet teeth being annularly arranged, and a reduced end on the hammer disposed centrally of its teeth adapted to engage the bit centrally of its teeth when the teeth are engaged.

19. In a drill as set forth in claim 17, said compressible member comprising a coiled spring above the end of the hammer within the cap.

20. In a drill as set forth in claim 17, said compressible member comprising a compressible fluid chamber above the end of the hammer within the cap; a stem on the chamber extending through cap; and a valve in said stem.

GUSTAVIS ADOLPHIS BXLLSTROM.