US1842564A - Roofing element - Google Patents

Description

Jam w32. Pfc. OVERBQRY A 1,842,564

Ro'rpFIvNG ,ELEMENT Filed May 14. 1928 ATTORNEYY ,K I

Patented Jan. 26, 1932 UNITED STATES :FREDERICK C. OVERIBUBY, OF IIILLSDALE,

PATENT OFFICE NEW JERSEY, .A SSIG'NOR, BY MESN E ASSIGN- MENTS, T THE PATENT AND LICENSING CORPORATION, SETTS, .A CORPORATION OF MASSACHUSETTS 0F BOSTON, MASSACHU- BOOFING ELEMENT Application led May 14, 1928. Serial No. 277,502.

My invention relates to improvements in interlocking shingles and has more particular relation to individual shingles fabricated from composition roofing material and laid with one corner of the shingle exposed to the weather, according to the so-called French method of laying.

@ne object of my invention is to provide an interlocking shingle, formed with separate fastening elements which may be readily applied thereto, either in the course of manufacture of the shingle, or in the operation of laying the shingle on a roof.

Another object of the invention resides in the provision of a fastening arrangement of this character which will permit rapid application of the shingles to a roof.

Still another object of the invention resides in the provision of an interlocking arrangement, as will be more fully described hereinafter, functioning to securely retain the exposed lower end of the shingle in proper position on a roof, to thereby prevent curling or blowing up of the exposed portion.

ln the accompanying drawings wherein I have illustrated several forms of my invention Figure l shows a section of roof with sev eral shingles of my present invention applied in operative position,

Figure 2 is a face view showing one of the shingles,

Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure .2 but showing the opposite face of the shingle, with one corner of the shingle in retroverted position,

F igurel is a View illustrating the manner of applying the shingles to the roof,

Figure 5 is a det-ail incross-section taken along line 5-5 of Figure l,

Figure 6 is a detail, in perspective, showing a modifiedform of the invention and the mode of applying the shingles in this particular embodiment,

Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the position of the parts when using the modification of Figure 6, and,

Figure 8 is a fragmentary detail showing a pair of adjoining shingles of the type shown in Figures l, 2 and 3.

Referring more in detail to the drawings, the numeral 10 indicates an individual shingle ofthe flexible composition type. These shingles may be cut from any suitable roofing base of this general type, although I prefer to use asphalt saturated and coated roofing felt, surfaced with mineral grit or the like, in order to provide the roofing with a wear and weather resistant finish.

The shingles, as shown, are preferably of rectangular shape and are adapted to be arranged in overlapping courses on a roof in such a manner as to afford the maximum weather protecting qualities with a minimum amount of roofing material. Accordingly the shingles are arranged'to be laid in what is generally known as the French method, i. e. with their diagonals extending parallel to andfat right angles with the eave line of the` roo The shingles l0 `are constructed at that corner thereof which is to form the lower exposed end of the shingle, with an underfolded or retroverted flap l1 shown in an extended position in Figure 2, and in its retroverted position in Figure 3. i

This flap 11 may be brought into its underfolded position beneath the main part of the shingle, after the latter has been severed from the sheet of roofing base. This can be done very easily by heating the corner of the shingle in the region of the line of fold .as indicated at 12 so as to render the material more pliable at this point and capable of being folded thereat without causing cracking of the coating or surfacing thereof. Vhen the material is thus rendered sufficiently pliable, bending force may be applied in any convenient way along the line l2 to thus bring the flap into its retroverted position.

Each shingle, in accordance with my invention, is also provided at its two lateral corners, adjacent the corner where the flap 12 is formed, with projecting members arranged to cooperate with similar members on the adjoining shingles laid up in a course, the cooperating projections of the adjoining shingles thusv forming a keeper or retaining device for the Hap l1 of a superposed shingle in the succeeding course. As illustrated,

these projecting members 13which may be of any rigid material such as metal or the like, are fixed to the shingles at a slight distance below the lateral corners 14 of the shingles.

' The projecting members 13 may be aHiXed to the shingles in any desired manner, as for example by stamping one end of the member through the body of the shingle from one side thereof, and then bendingl over and se-y curing this end of the member to the opposite face of the shingle, as clearly indicated in Figures 3 and 8. It will be understood, of course, that numerous other ways will suggest themselves for imbedding or otherwise securing the fastening members 13 to the shingles. Any such expedient, as well as the method I have specifically described, may be carried out at -thefactory at any convenient point subsequent to the severance of the shingles from the sheet, and either simultaneously with the operation of folding back the flap 11 or as a separate step in the manufacture.

lalowever, in certain instances it may be desirable to do away with the operation of applying the fastening members to the shingles lat the factory, and 1n Figures 6 and 7 I have shown an arrangement whereby the objects of my invention may be accomplished with the use ofseparate securing devices `which maybe applied to the shingles during the process of laying them on a roof. In this form, the shingles of each course are laid in the usual manner, and when they are properly aligned and positioned right angular or L- shaped fasteners, as s ownat 16, may: be

driven therethrough at a short distance belowl the lateral corners of each shingle, 1n such a way that the heads 17 of the fasteners 16 in a pair of adjoining shingles extend in opposite directions toward each other so as to provide a keeper or fastening for the flap 12 of the overlylng shingle.

It will be understood of course, that 1n either case as above described, in applying.

the shingles to the roof the flap 12 of each shingle `is first inserted below the opposed projecting m''mbers of a pair of adjacent shingles in the preceding course, and then the shingle is moved until brought to proper position with the edges of the 'flap substantially abutting the lower converging edges of the underlying shingles, as indicated at 19, the main body of the shingle being then secured to the underlying structure by fastenings passing therethrough at points adjacent its laterally opposite corners. It will be understood, of course, that in the form of the invention shown in Figures 6 and 7, the fastenings for the aforesaid laterally opposite corners of the shingle will comprise the L- shaped fasteners 16 themselves.

It will be noted thatinasmuch as the fastening members project outwardly from the upper face of the shingles, the flap of each shingle is ermitted, when in interlocked position, to 11e substantially in the plane of the main body portion of the adjoining shingles in the preceding course and thus the fastening members serve to securely hold the flap ofthe overlying shingle in iatwise position against the roof and consequently the overlying shingle itself is thus firmly retained in flatwise position in use.

If, after the flap has been brought into proper position beneath its associated fastening members, there is too free play of the flap, the fastening members may be given a blow with a hammer` so as to more firmly clamp the flap in its operative position.

Having thus fullydescribed the invention, what I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is:

l. As an article of manufacture a shingle of the character described comprising a rectangular unit having metallic staples secured thereto and projecting outwardly therefrom at pointsadjacent a pair of diagonally opposite corners thereof, and a retroverted flap at one of its other corners, said flap beingadapted to underlie the staples of a pair of similar shingles in a preceding course when laid -on a roof. l j

2. As an article of manufacture a shingle of the character described com rising a rectangular unit having one o its corners formed with a retroverted flap, and metallic staples secured to the unit and projecting outwardly at points spaced slightly below the corners thereof adjacent the first named cor-

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