US1840838A - dutjweiler - Google Patents

Description

v Jan. 12 1932. I A. M. DUTTWEILER 1,840,833

HEATING DEVICE 1925 2. Sheets-Sheet Filed Nov. 28

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WIIIIIII IIIIIIIJIIIIIIIIIIIIII) Jan. 12, 1932. A. M DUTTWEILER HEATING DEVICE 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Nov. 28,

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Patented Jan. 12, 1232 para 2 2 firearms DEVICE Application filed. November 28, 1925; serial No. 71,975.

adapted to effect a more through and complete combustion of the fuel ingredients and a more economical burning of the fuel, in the burning of such as buckwheat anthracite and other small sizes of anthracite, semi-bituminou-s coal, bituminous slackand mine run bituminous coal. Thereby enabling these several kinds of coal to be slowly 'and efhciently burned with natural draft and to give out a large amount of'heat during all the stages of the" fire, and permitting the heating device to remain'for many hours of fuel and enabling all ofthese kinds of coal to be burned in this way'in one fire pot with the same construction and with the same sized air spacing for admittingthe air to the fuel. The present invention being. in the nature of an improvement upon Patent No. 1,341,788, granted to Albert M. Duttweiler June 1, 1920.

The ordinary type of heating device havinginduced draft only'will not produce the results that are desired. To oxidize, completely all of'tlie fuel and efiiciently burn the low grade coals] that have been referred to requires a large amount of highly heated air 7 to be thoroughly distributed to the fuel.- The coal must be held securely in the fire pot without wasting, and in theburhing of the small sizes of anthracitecoal radiantign'ition must be furnished. The ordinary grate will notsupply the amount ,of'airneeded, and it will not supply air withinth'e solid fuel.

The present invention aims-to provide an improved construction which accomplishes the desired results by adding improved means for introducing hie 1y heated air within and at the sides of thegsolidfuel and means for sup; in high I heated airabove the fuel. The means for incl oi'iuCing the air within the solid fuel maybe used without the means for adniitt 'air above the fuel, but when both are employed in combination, a greatly superior result'is' attained, and such several kinds of low grade coal,

without attention or replacementv in the bars near the "end of the this 'i'nve'n- Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is-a' perspective view of the lower part of a stove to which the invention is shown as applied;

' Fig. 2 is a fragmentary vertical section. through the fire pot of thestove, the section being-taken longitudinally ofthe channeledframe shown in Fig. 1; i

' Fig. 3 is a detail perspective'viempartly insection, of a portion of. the fire pot, show: ing achanneied' air flue arranged at the side of the fire pot;. y i

Fig. 4: is a section or the channeled flue in Fig. 3 on the line as w;

Fig. 5 is a vertical cross section of the horizontal bars in the channeled frame 5, the section being taken through the openings 7 frame at the frontof the stove;

c Fig. 6 is a detail view of the channeled frame-5 shownin Figs. 1 and 2 with addi tional means for admitting 'air'thereto, and showin a magazine divided at" the bottom for feeding coal to the fuel chamber'j Fig. .7 is a detailview showing in perspec-. tive a grate adapted to be substitutedfor and in J.

to be interchangeable with the grate shown in Fig. 1; and

Fig. 8 is a detail view "of aplan for an ar rangement of channeled. frames when more than one of the channeled frames are used in the fire box.

Referring to Fig. '1, the stove proper need not be particularly described as the form shown is merely for illustration. It comprises a fire pot 1 shown as of annular form and within which the solid fuel is placed as usual. Directly above the fire pot proper is an annular frame 2 having a number of apertures 3. This frame 2 is carried inside the outer stove casting, whereby the hollow internal portion of the frame marked Apro- 'vides an air channel, the air passing out into the space above the fuel through the holes 8.

Supported in the fire pot is a stabilized A channeled frame 5, this comprising the two side plates 6 and 6a, and the tier of horizontal bars 7 to 76. The bars are spaced apart by the two side plates, and to these plates they are integrally joined, and thelower bar is set eloselyadjace ttheusual grate. The'separation of the bars produces a tier of horizontal air channels through which the air may pass and be delivered to the solid fuel from two opposite sides of the tier of channels and from the tier of bars. It will be seen that each of the horizontal bars has a ridge and sloping sides and a cavity to contain air underneath the ridge of the bar. The bars are near enough together, and the sides of the bars have the right slope, to prevent fuel and ashes from filling in the channels, and to pre vent the lodgment of fuel and ashes. Openings 8 to 8d are formed respectively in the bars 7 to 761, one opening in each bar at the top of the bar, to permit the passage of air between the channels. These openings are arranged in the bars in a reverse order, so that an opening will not be immediately be low the opening in the bar above it but at a distance removed from the opening above, so as to cause the air to take a tortuous course in passing throughthe tier of channels and to slow the draft. For instance, the opening 8 is formed near that end of the bar 7 that oins the side plate 6, but the opening 8a is formed near that end of the bar To that joins the side plate 6a. In the sectional view of Fig. 2 the horizontal bars and the position of the openings are clearly shown. A cross section of the bars is shown inFig. 5. The grate is marked with the numeral 9 and may be of any desired form, though as shown it is provided directly under the channeled frame 5 with large apertures so as to permit a considerable amount of air to pass upwardly. The section of Fig. 2 is taken centrally of the fire pot and at points to the side of that central line the grate may be of ordinary construction.

The annular frame 2 may be integrally formed with vertical air channels 11 on opposite sides of the frame 5 and these channels are shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The channels extend downwardly to the grate 9 and permit air to pass upwardly through the edge of the grate into the frame 2. The channel 11 at the front of the stove is shorter than the one at the rear to provide clearance for the stove door. For the same reason the annular channel 2 terminates in closed ends as at 2a. The air from the front channel 11 is conducted to the space 4 of the channel 2 by means of air passages 11a and an aperture 11?) opening into the space 4. I

To aid the channeled frame 5 in admitting air to the soli fuel the fire pot may be pro vided on the two sides that are opposite th broad sides of the channeled frame with the two channeled air flues 12 and 12a. These are alike and one is shown in perspective in Fi 3 with parts broken away. It is formed of the sloping horizontalbars 15 to 152 integrally joined to the two side plates 13 am 13a and to the back plate '14:. The bars are separated by these plates thereby forming air channels. The bars have the right slope and are close enough together, to prevent fuel and ashes from filling in the channels, and to prevent the lodgment of fuel and ashes. An opening is provided in the top of each of the bars 15 to 15d to permit the passage of air, for instance the opening 16 in the bar 15. These fines may be detachably joined to the sides of the fire pot and they extend down to a point closely adjacent the usual grate, the air being admitted to the fines through the grate. They extend up into the annular frame 2 and the top bars 156 are curved to conform with the top of the frame, parts of which they rcplace. A cross section of one of the lines is shown in Fig. 4. This construction may be employed in connection with the channeled frame 5 or not, as desired, it furnishes simply an added means for introducing air to the body of the fuel. 7

In Fig. 6 is shown means which may or may not be employed as desired for admitting additional supplies of air to the channels of he frame 5. Here the side plate 6 is shown hollow and the hollow portion runs down through the bottom of tl e plate to receive air from the grate 9, and the air passes out into the horizontal channels through the holes 17 in the wall of the plate. The side plate 6a is hollow and the hollow portion receives air from the vertical tube 18 which extends down from the top of the stove and communicates with the outer air, and the air passes into the horizontal channels through holes in the wall of the plate. Also in Fig. 6 is shown a magazine 19 divided .into two sections at the bottom. This magazine extends to the top of the stove and may be used or not as desired for feeding coal to the fuel chamber.

Fig. 7 shows a grate that may replace the grate 9 made of an upper section 20 and a lower section 21 joined at the center by a pivot 22 on which the sections may swing. The small holes 23, 24: and 25 in the upper section register with a small hole in the lower section, to permit the two sections to be locked together with a bolt and to permit three adjustments of the grate and changes in the size of the grate openings. This form of the grate may be used or not as desired.

In Fig. 8 is shown a. design or plan for an arrangement of five of the channeled frames somewhat similar to frame 5 in the fire box of a very large furnace. These frames are indi cated respectively by 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d and 5e, and the frame 5a is larger than the others. Two opposite sides of the fire pot are recessed.

In the operation of the device the fuel is inserted into the fire pot in any desired way and entirely surrounds the channeled frame 5 and rests against the channeled flues 12 and 12a. When the fire is started the air passes upwardly through the grate 9 through the channels of the channeled frame and out into thebody of the solid fuel. The bars be ing surrounded by the fire thereby receive ig-eemeae the concentrated heat of the fire and are intensely heated, and the air passing through the channels is therefore highly heated.-

And the large amount of highly heated air in incandescent heat.

ply. The fuel is held securely in the fire pot, and the intensely heated bars furnish radiant ignition to burn the anthracite coals. The channeled fines 12 andlQa admit additional supplies of air to the body of the fuel, and

when these are used, and the frame 5 isalso;

used, air is admitted to many points of the solid fuel.

Ordinarily not all of the fuel ingredients are completely oxidized by the admission of air from the channeled frame and such fuel gases as rise above the fuel in a partially consumed state meet with additional air and are completely consumed. This air passes up the channels 11 at the sides ofthe fire pot becom ing thereby highly heated, and then moves throughout the apertured frame'2 and passes therefrom through the orifices 3 into the fire pot. The heating ofthis air is constant because the state of the incandescence of the solid fuel is constant. i

V The independent air current above the fuel moderates the fire below it, and the intimate relation of air and fuel that is needed is obtained and a large amountof oxygen supplied without a strong draft, and thus the low gradecoals that are mentioned may be slowly and efiiciently burned and a very hot fire continued for many hours without consuming much fuel, and without any replacement of fuel and without anyattention being given to the heatingdevice. And there is no wasting away of any'of the coal. In the ordinary stove an intimate relation of air and fuel such as is needed may be obtained only with a strong draft and a large fire and that consumes the coalrapidly, and in the attempted successful use of coal such as the buckwheat anthracite there is a constant large wasting away of the coal. In the ordinary stove with attempts to efficiently burn bituminous slack and similar coal, the coal fills in the air spaces provided for admitting air to the fuel and obstructs the air'supply, but in the present invention this condition does not obtain.

The slowing of the draft through the channeled frame causes thestove to bequickly heated up and the full heating efficiency ohtained soon after tne starting of the fire.

heated air, and in the present invention from one-third to one-half of this air is supplied within the body of the solid fuel and one tlir' to sue half above the solid fuel. These amonnts may vary but normally at least onethird of the airwill lie/supplied within. the

solid fuel'anclLone-third above it. However, when ashesf clog" the grate the proportion of air passing=therethreugh will be somewhat diminished. and then about one-half of the air-will be suppliedfrom each source. The

stove'of the application isdesignedto cause this proportion to obtain. 7 q will: be seen: that'the parts of the heating device are of such form or shape as best to withstand the effects of the heat from the fire. I The horizontal barsof the chan ueled frame flare-of large-cross section and.

are subject. to 1 very slow. deterioration; The edges of these bars-abut. the fuel audit w ll be seen that a considerable amount of deteriorationmay take place without. hindering tlie-useof the appliance.

The channeled frame may be madeof any fire resistingmaterial,ksuch as fire clay, or

may be madeof meta-lior of fire clay reinforced withfmetalr The only requirement isthatit shall he fire resisting andshall'readily give'ofi'its heat to-the air passing through the channels and alsoto the fuel. It will be seen that alargeamo'unt of heating surface is provided in this fra ne to ..h eat thelarge amount of: airthat is supplied by-the horizontal channels, but that the frame only takes up a small amount of space in the fuel container. As shown in my present construction the horizontal bars of the frame 5 are integrally joined to the side plates 6 and 6a, but it will be understood that these may be detachably joined when desired.

. With the construction shown it is usually desirable that the to frame may extend a ove the solid, fuel, so that the top air channel may extend above the normal level of the fuel and allow the products of combustion-to pass upward and not choke the fire. However, this obviously not essential as air entering the channels will pass therefrom into the solid fuel even if the fuel level is above the top of the channels. In the form illustrated in the drawings the channeled flues 12 and 12a, and the independent channels 11, may be formed separately from the fire pot itself, but it will be understood that this ,is not essential as these flues and channels may readily be formed integrally with the fire pot. Dampers 110 may be provided in the channels 11 to regulate the supply of air throughthese channels, which may or may not be used as desired.

bar of the channeled- Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by to apply air to the solid fuel from within the solid fuel, means to permit the passage of air between the channels and to cause an air current to take a tortuous course in passing through the tier of channels, and means to supply air to the tier of channels.

2. In a heating appliance, the combination with a fire'pot and a horizontal grate therein, of an air conductingstructure comprising a top member and end members and a plurality of horizontally disposed and vertically spaced inverted V-shaped bars between the said end members, said bars providing horizontal air channels therebetween and having apertures so arranged as to establish series communication between said channels, and the said air conducting structure located immediately above a diameter of the grate and extending upwardly within the fire pot. 3. In a heating appliance, in combination with a fire pot, an air distributor comprising a plurality of horizontally disposed and vertically spaced inverted V-shaped bars positioned within the fire pot, said bars providing air channels therebetween adapted to :5 distribute air within the body of the solid fuel, and an independent air distributor adjoining the fire pot adaptedrto distribute an independent air current to the fuel.

. ALBERT M. DUTTWEILER.

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