US1836613A - Cinematographic apparatus - Google Patents
Cinematographic apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1836613A US1836613A US323660A US32366028A US1836613A US 1836613 A US1836613 A US 1836613A US 323660 A US323660 A US 323660A US 32366028 A US32366028 A US 32366028A US 1836613 A US1836613 A US 1836613A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- drum
- film
- shoe
- brake
- supports
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B1/00—Film strip handling
- G03B1/42—Guiding, framing, or constraining film in desired position relative to lens system
Definitions
- the present invention relates to improvements in cinematographic apparatus comprising means for drawing the film by successive movements through the gate, and feeding sprockets disposed at the entrance and the outlet of the gate and adapted for continuous rotation.
- the invention chiefly relates to apparatus of this class specified in the patent application in my name, now pending, Ser. No. 223,822, filed Oct. 3, 1927, of which the present applicationis a division and in which the film rubs upon friction members situated between the reels andthe said sprocket respectively, in order to automatically reduce the tensions of the film periodically produced by the variations of the driving torque, variations of inertia, of friction and the like, thus reducing the wear and stress of the film.
- the film rubs directly on the friction parts situated between the reels and the respective feeding sprockets, but herein, due to the elasticity of the film, the tension is not produced in an absolutely instantaneous man ner, and when the film is braked there may be produced between the film and the friction surfaces a very slight slip whereby the film may be streaked.
- Fig. 1 shows one form of the invention.
- Fig. 2 is a perspective view of another form of construction.
- Fig. 3 is a view in elevation of a third form.
- the film travels upon a guiding drum disposed between the winding reel a and the feeding sprocket 72 disposed at the outlet of the gate, said guiding drum consisting of a cylinder of a substance whose coeflicient of friction is great relatively to the film this latter being guided by the lateral checks 2.
- the shaft 3 of the guiding drum 1 is rotatable in supports 4 which are sup orted by elastic means 5 or by the action of counterweights (not shown) by which the weight of the drum will be balanced.
- a rotatable At a short distance from the guiding drum is disposed a rotatable, and the tensions T and t on the.
- a drum which may be faced on the periphery by a layer 8 of a substance having a great coefiicient of adhesion relatively to the film.
- the shaft 9 of said drum is mounted in the bearings 10 movable on the guides 11 and supported by the springs 12, and it carries a wheel 13 of smaller diameter than the said drum and whose periphery, under the efiort F overcoming the resistance of the springs 12, may make contact with a brake member 14 slidable in supports 15 and controlled by a spring 16.
- the film is guided by loose rollers 17, and it travels in the direction of the arrow 2.
- Fig. 3 shows a modified form of the said device, in which the guiding and braking drum consists of a series of disks of a very adhesive substance 18 alternating with disks of a substance which is generally less adhesive 19 and of smaller diameter.
- the shaft 20 of the drum is mounted in the bearings 21 adapted to slide upon the guiding members 22.
- the bearings 21 are controlled by the reaction springs 23 which may be properly adjusted, so that the least effort of tension of the film will bring the parts 19 of the drum into contact with the brake shoes 24 which are stationary or are mounted on spring strips.
- the film 25 is wound on the lower part of the drum, and then travels upon the flanged guiding rollers 26 which are symmetrically disposed with reference to the plane of the figure. .
- the operation is the same as before.
- Claims 1 In a cinematographic apparatus, the combination of a rotatable guiding drum having a shaft therethrough upon which the film travels and is in contact while forming a loop, slidable supports for the shaft of the said drum, springs supporting said supports, a brake wheel secured to said drum, a brake shoe situated at a short distance from said brake wheel and on the side opposite the loop, said spring supports allowing the drum to move under the pressure of the film in such manner that the said wheel will make contact with the said brake shoe.
- a cinematographic apparatus the combination of a rotary drum upon which the film travels and is in contact while forming a loop, braking means carried by the said drum, a brake shoe laced at a short distance from the said bra ing means for the said drum and on the side opposite the loop, movable supports on which the said drum rotates and adapted to allow the said drum to move under the action of the pressure exerted thereon by the film and to permit the said braking means to make contact with the said brake shoe, the size and material of the said brake shoe being chosen so as to exercise upon the said drum a couple of braking less than the couple exercised by the film on said drum, for the purpose specified.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Registering, Tensioning, Guiding Webs, And Rollers Therefor (AREA)
Description
Dec. 15, 1931:. E. DEH'MICHEN 1,836,613
CINEMATOGRAPHIC APPARATUS Original Filed 001;. 5,, 3.927
Patented Dec. 15, 1931 PATENT OFFICE ETIENNE OEH'MIGHEN, OF VALENTIGNEY, FRANCE CINEMAT'OGBAPHIG APPARATUS Original application filed October 3, 1927, Serial No. 223,822, and in France January 15, 1927. Divided and this application filed December 4, 1928. Serial No. 323,660.
The present invention relates to improvements in cinematographic apparatus comprising means for drawing the film by successive movements through the gate, and feeding sprockets disposed at the entrance and the outlet of the gate and adapted for continuous rotation. The invention chiefly relates to apparatus of this class specified in the patent application in my name, now pending, Ser. No. 223,822, filed Oct. 3, 1927, of which the present applicationis a division and in which the film rubs upon friction members situated between the reels andthe said sprocket respectively, in order to automatically reduce the tensions of the film periodically produced by the variations of the driving torque, variations of inertia, of friction and the like, thus reducing the wear and stress of the film.
In apparatus of this class of the known types, the film rubs directly on the friction parts situated between the reels and the respective feeding sprockets, but herein, due to the elasticity of the film, the tension is not produced in an absolutely instantaneous man ner, and when the film is braked there may be produced between the film and the friction surfaces a very slight slip whereby the film may be streaked.
It is feasible, while obtaining practically the same advantages as with the said apparatus, to revent all slipping of the film upon the friction surfaces and hence to entirely eliminate this cause of streaking.
In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 shows one form of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of another form of construction.
Fig. 3 is a view in elevation of a third form.
As shown in Fig. 1, the film travels upon a guiding drum disposed between the winding reel a and the feeding sprocket 72 disposed at the outlet of the gate, said guiding drum consisting of a cylinder of a substance whose coeflicient of friction is great relatively to the film this latter being guided by the lateral checks 2.
The shaft 3 of the guiding drum 1 is rotatable in supports 4 which are sup orted by elastic means 5 or by the action of counterweights (not shown) by which the weight of the drum will be balanced. At a short distance from the guiding drum is disposed a rotatable, and the tensions T and t on the.
film before and after traveling on the drum 1 are practically equal.
If the tension T of the reel tends to increase, the downward efi'ort F on the drum 1 will increase, so that the drum, overcoming the resistance of the elastic means or the counterweight, descends and makes contact with the brake shoe, thus at once reducing the tension t, so that the stress on the film when in contact with the stepwise film-drawing device will be reduced, in the known manner.
If the couple produced by the friction of the brake shoe on the drum 1 exceeds the couple exercised on the said drum by the moving film, the drum will be held against rotation by the shoe, and the film will thus slide upon it, and the film may thus be scratched.
According to the present invention, this risk is avoided, since the nature and the radius of the friction surfaces of the drum and the shoe are such that the friction couple of the film on the drum will exceed the friction couple of the shoe on said drum, and thus when the drum makes contact with the shoe, said drum will slip upon the shoe, and all slipping of the film on the drum is obviated.
In the form of construction given by way of example in Fig. 2, 7 is a drum which may be faced on the periphery by a layer 8 of a substance having a great coefiicient of adhesion relatively to the film. The shaft 9 of said drum is mounted in the bearings 10 movable on the guides 11 and supported by the springs 12, and it carries a wheel 13 of smaller diameter than the said drum and whose periphery, under the efiort F overcoming the resistance of the springs 12, may make contact with a brake member 14 slidable in supports 15 and controlled by a spring 16. The film is guided by loose rollers 17, and it travels in the direction of the arrow 2.
Due to the difference in the diameters of the drum 7 and the wheel 13, it is easy to obtain conditions such that the friction couple produced by the shoe 14 will always be less than the couple produecd by the film, so that the film will not slip on the drum.
Fig. 3 shows a modified form of the said device, in which the guiding and braking drum consists of a series of disks of a very adhesive substance 18 alternating with disks of a substance which is generally less adhesive 19 and of smaller diameter. The shaft 20 of the drum is mounted in the bearings 21 adapted to slide upon the guiding members 22. The bearings 21 are controlled by the reaction springs 23 which may be properly adjusted, so that the least effort of tension of the film will bring the parts 19 of the drum into contact with the brake shoes 24 which are stationary or are mounted on spring strips. The film 25 is wound on the lower part of the drum, and then travels upon the flanged guiding rollers 26 which are symmetrically disposed with reference to the plane of the figure. .The operation is the same as before.
2. In a cinematographic apparatus, the combination of a rotatable guiding drum having a shaft therethrough upon which the film travels and is in contact while forming a loop,
slidable supports for the shaft of the said drum, springs supporting said supports, a brake wheel secured to said drum, a brake shoe situated at a short distance from said brake wheel and on the side opposite the loop, said spring supports allowing the drum to move under the pressure of the film in such manner that the said wheel will make contact with the said brake shoe, said wheel having a diameter smaller than that of the said drum.
3. In a cinematographic apparatus, the combination of a rotatable guiding drum havin trunnions on which the film travels and is in contact while forming a loop, slidable supports for the trunnions of the said drum,
springs supporting said supports, a brake wheel secured to said drum, a movable brake shoe situated at a short distance from said brake wheel and on the side opposite the loop, said spring supports allowing the drum to move under the pressure of the film, in such manner that the said wheel will make contact with the said brake shoe, a guiding rod disposed on said shoe, a guide in which said rod is slidable, an a spring acting in opposition to the sliding of said rod when the said brake drum makes contact with the said shoe.
4. In a cinematographic apparatus, the combination of a rotary drum upon which the film travels and is in contact while forming a loop, braking means carried by the said drum, a brake shoe laced at a short distance from the said bra ing means for the said drum and on the side opposite the loop, movable supports on which the said drum rotates and adapted to allow the said drum to move under the action of the pressure exerted thereon by the film and to permit the said braking means to make contact with the said brake shoe, the size and material of the said brake shoe being chosen so as to exercise upon the said drum a couple of braking less than the couple exercised by the film on said drum, for the purpose specified.
In testimony whereof I have hereunto affixed my signature.
ETIENNE OEHMICHEN.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US323660A US1836613A (en) | 1927-10-03 | 1928-12-04 | Cinematographic apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US223822A US1957148A (en) | 1927-01-15 | 1927-10-03 | Device for reducing the stresses upon films in cinematographic apparatus |
US323660A US1836613A (en) | 1927-10-03 | 1928-12-04 | Cinematographic apparatus |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US1836613A true US1836613A (en) | 1931-12-15 |
Family
ID=26918163
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US323660A Expired - Lifetime US1836613A (en) | 1927-10-03 | 1928-12-04 | Cinematographic apparatus |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US1836613A (en) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2535486A (en) * | 1946-08-16 | 1950-12-26 | Brush Dev Co | Magnetic record transducing apparatus having a backing element for coupling a recordtape to the magnetic head |
US2553898A (en) * | 1942-02-23 | 1951-05-22 | Debrie Andre Victor Le Clement | Film feeding mechanism |
US2557417A (en) * | 1947-12-02 | 1951-06-19 | Andrews & Goodrich Inc | Apparatus for forwarding web material |
US2582639A (en) * | 1948-09-28 | 1952-01-15 | Asea Ab | Arrangement for adapting the speed of take-up to the speed of feed in producing thread or tape material with originally low mechanical strength |
US2838304A (en) * | 1955-08-09 | 1958-06-10 | Steatit Magnesia Ag | Film projector |
US5377926A (en) * | 1992-10-06 | 1995-01-03 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Tape tension regulator |
US5906330A (en) * | 1994-02-14 | 1999-05-25 | Aplicator System Ab | Thread feeding buffer |
-
1928
- 1928-12-04 US US323660A patent/US1836613A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2553898A (en) * | 1942-02-23 | 1951-05-22 | Debrie Andre Victor Le Clement | Film feeding mechanism |
US2535486A (en) * | 1946-08-16 | 1950-12-26 | Brush Dev Co | Magnetic record transducing apparatus having a backing element for coupling a recordtape to the magnetic head |
US2557417A (en) * | 1947-12-02 | 1951-06-19 | Andrews & Goodrich Inc | Apparatus for forwarding web material |
US2582639A (en) * | 1948-09-28 | 1952-01-15 | Asea Ab | Arrangement for adapting the speed of take-up to the speed of feed in producing thread or tape material with originally low mechanical strength |
US2838304A (en) * | 1955-08-09 | 1958-06-10 | Steatit Magnesia Ag | Film projector |
US5377926A (en) * | 1992-10-06 | 1995-01-03 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Tape tension regulator |
US5988553A (en) * | 1994-02-02 | 1999-11-23 | Aplicator System Ab | Entangling protection arrangement for a thread feeding buffer |
US5906330A (en) * | 1994-02-14 | 1999-05-25 | Aplicator System Ab | Thread feeding buffer |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US3044770A (en) | Sheet feeding device | |
US1836613A (en) | Cinematographic apparatus | |
US1786917A (en) | Device for the automatic adjustment of the tensions of films | |
US1998931A (en) | Recording and reproduction of impulses | |
US2015860A (en) | Film reel | |
US1713939A (en) | Control mechanism for film feed | |
US2094581A (en) | Apparatus for feeding material | |
US2657871A (en) | Film reel drive mechanism | |
US2689729A (en) | Film-feeding device | |
US2031079A (en) | Device for the rewinding of photographic films | |
US3063228A (en) | Apparatus for controlling the tensioning of the tapes in electric cable taping machines | |
US3692252A (en) | Surface winding apparatus | |
US2248014A (en) | Tension regulator | |
US2199594A (en) | Machine for unwinding a web of material | |
US3620472A (en) | System adapted to grasp the end of a wound strip | |
US2285070A (en) | Rewind mechanism | |
US1957148A (en) | Device for reducing the stresses upon films in cinematographic apparatus | |
US1815064A (en) | Operating mechanism for a record-receiving member | |
US3656674A (en) | Web tension isolator or amplifier for web handling apparatus | |
US1906186A (en) | Film-drawing device for cinematographic apparatus | |
US2462303A (en) | Material serving apparatus | |
US1802621A (en) | Loop-control mechanism | |
US1873463A (en) | Device for reducing the tension of the film in cinematographic apparatus | |
US2030079A (en) | Device for the rewinding of photographic films | |
US2950875A (en) | Paper machinery |