US1834950A - Method of and apparatus for producing roofing - Google Patents

Description

Dec, 8, 1931. F; JAEGER 1,834,950

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING ROOFING Filed Feb. 16, 1929 s Sheets-"Sheet 1 INVENTOR flea x0 9)" gn gm ATTORNEY Dec. 8, 1931. E E 1,834,950

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCIfIG ROOFING ATTORNEY Dec. 8, 1931. F'JAEGER 1,834,950

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING ROOFING Filed Feb.-16, 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR ji zd Jge dsr ATTORNEY Patented Dec. 8, 1931 "UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE FRED JAEGER, OF RUTHERFORD, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR, BY IESNE ASSIGNMENTS,

TO THE PATENT AND LICENSING CORPORATION, OF BOSTON, EASSACHUSETTS, A.

ooaromnon or mssacnusa'rrs METHOD OF AND APPARATUR IOR PROD'UGING ROOFING Application filed February 16, 1928; Serial No. 340,3.

This invention relates to a method of and apparatus for surfacing roofing material and is more particularly concerned with means for surfacing roofing material of the type having on one or both faces thereof a layer of waterproof coating material such as blown asphalt, or the like.

Prepared roofing is now being manufactured in large quantities by saturating sheet 1 material, such as felt, with a waterproofing saturant and then applying over the surfaces or a, surface thereof a ooatlng layer of blown asphalt, after which mineral surfacing in comminuted or granular form is partlally embedded in the said coatin layer or layers.

The roofing material thus fa ricated is either cut up into shingle units or strip shingles,

and in-many instances also is put up in the form of rolls of substantial length.

The mineral surfacing overlying the coating layer of prepared roofing material fabricated in the aforedescribed manner, serves to protect the coating layer from the deteriorating action of solar rays and functions also to render the product-fire-resistant as well as to provide a decorative finish therefor.

In; spite of the protection afforded by the mineral surfacing to the coating layer, however, itfrequently happens that the coating 80 layer does not weather evenly and is deleteriously affected after exposure to the elements for a greater or shorter period of time. --It is known that waterproofing material such as blown asphalt, may be made more durable and resistant to the action of the weather by incorporating therein substantial quantities of mineral filler. However, it is only withconsiderable difficulty and annoyance that mineral fillers-man be mechanically incorporated in or disseminated through molten asphalt of relativelyhigh melting point. Further'.diificulties areencountered in the handling of molten asphalt having mineral filler incorporated therein. p \Some effort has been made to increase the relative amount of mineral surfacing carried icated. r

by asphaltic prepared roofing. These, gen

erally, have been directed towards showering the coated sheet with quantities of mineral surfacing in excess of that normally employed, and'then passing the granule covered sheet around pressure rolls for applyingincreased pressure to the sheet in the hope of forcing some of the granular mineral into the coating la er. This procedure, however, is objectiona 1e and does not afford a commercially practicable method of operation masmuch as the coating material, beingusually of viscous and plastic nature, readily exudes to the surface under the high pressure necessarily required, and adheres to and collects upon the press rolls, thus seriously interfering with the o ration and in fact frustating the urposest ereof.

y invention has for one of its objects the fproduction of asphalt coated and mineralsur the advantages of a coating layer of asphalt having substantial quantities of mineral matter disseminatedtherethrough while avoiding the difliculties attendant upon the mechanical admixing of the asphalt and mineral filler, as well as upon the methods heretofore suggested a for providing increased amounts of mineral surfacing n prepared roofing.

Another object of my invention is to provide an improved method of and means for producing asphalt coated and mineral surfaced roofing wherein the finished product carries a higher percentage of mineral surfacing in relation to the asphalt coating thereon, than is generally obtainedunder present 5 7 aced roofing in such manner as to secure to be more particularly described hereinafter, 1

are designed to accomplish the foregoing objects without material alteration of or appreciable interference with the present normalpractice in the commercial manufacture of prepared roofing, and these embodiments are each adapted to. afford a simple means for improving the product and the process of "manufacture in the directions above indi- Other objects and advantageous features of the invention will be apparent from the more detailed description to follow, and

' tus shown in Figure 1 Figure 3, is a plan view of a slightly modified form of apparatus for carrying out the invention; Figure 4 is a plan view taken along line 44 of Figure 5 and shows another method of carrying out the invention;

I Figure 5 is a sectional view of apparatus employed in carrying out the method of Fig- Figure 6 is adetailed section of part of the apparatus shown in Figure 5;

Figure 7 shows a slightly. modified form of apparatus that may be used;

Figure 8 is a detail of the apparatus shown in Figure 7; v Figure 9-is a somewhat magnified illustration of the product produced by my invention;

Figures 10 and 11 show still another form of apparatus, and

Figure 12 is a conventional diagrammatic view illustrating the portions or stages of the manufacturing process with which my invention is particularly concerned.

In the several figures, the letter S denotes .a sheet of roofing base such as asphalt impregnated felt having a more or less heavy layer of molten high melting point blown asphalt on the surface thereof which is to form the exposed face of the finished goo-ls, as the said sheet is progressively moving through a roofing machine. This coating layer may be applied to the surface of the saturated sheet through a delivery pipe or spray 10 (Figure 12). If desired, a layer of coating asphalt may also be applied to the opposite face of the sheet by means of a coating roll 11 rotating in a bath of molten blown asphalt 12.

After the sheet has received the coating layer upon its uppermost face, it next passes beneath apparatus (designated generally by the letter A in Figure 12), operative to cause finely divided or comminuted mineral matter to be forced into and submerged in the coating layer. In order to cause a rapid, continuous, and effectual driving and submergence of mineral matter in the coating layer, I utilize the impelling' action of compressed air or the like, as will presently appear. The

operation of the apparatus indicated at A is carried on in such a way that mineral matter will be driven into the coating layer and be substantially completely submerged therein, the outermost surface of the coating re maining exposed and in sufliciently adhesive condition for the reception of granular mineral such as crushed slate or the like, which latter is delivered upon the sheet from a trough 13 to become partially-imbedded in the coating layer and-thus form the usual mineral surfacing for the product.- The granular surfacing fed; from the trough 13 may 'be caused to attach itself firmly to the surface of the sheet by passing the latter over the usual pressure drums 14,, from whence the sheet may be led through a cooling zone and then formed into rolls or roofing units of the desired size and shape. Where coating material has been applied to the opposite face of the sheet at the coating rolls 11, a non- As here shown, the sheet S with its coating layer of hot asphalt is travelling in the direction indicated by the arrow. The apparatus A is mounted adjacent one of the marginal edges of the sheet so as to blow or force the comminuted mineral in a direction generally crosswise 0f the path of movement of the sheet. Mineral matter of the desired kind and degree of fineness is stored in a bin or hopper and falls downwardly under theaction of gravity through'the conduit 21 controlled by the valve 22. The lower end of the conduit terminates in a bed-plate 23 extended forwardly to a point contiguous to the plane of marginal edge of the sheet. Projecting into the conduit 21'near the lower end thereof and'resting substantially on the bedplate- 23, is an air line 26 controlled by a valve 27 and connected to any suitable source of compressed air or other fluid force. As the comminuted mineral falling through the conduit 21 reaches the lower end thereof, it comes under the influence of the air-blast from pi e 26 and is blown forwardly thereby across t e sheet and is driven into the coating layer by the impelling force of the airblast. The linear extent which the mineral stream thus produced may attain, for the accommodation of sheets of various widths, as well as the trajectory and consequently the driving force'of the stream, may be varied, and for thispurpose, I provide a swingable deflecting member 28, hinged at 29 adjacent the lower end of the conduit 21 and provided with ears '30 accommodating a bolt 31 for adjustable movement and positioning within arcuate slots 32 of the bracelike extensions 33 proje'ctin from the forward wall of the conduit 21. 33y varying the air-pressure and the position of the deflecting cover plate 28, I may vary the effective depth to which the mineral will be driven into the coating layer. In this way I am enabled to regulate the operation for coatings of varying thickness. Furthermore, by this means, the mineral filler may, if desired, be driven into the coating layer so as toconcentrate in the upper zones or regionsthereof, 1e vin the lowermost per. in the art. The impelling action of the airtions of the coating unfil led and substantialor other fluid force will serve to drive the ly free of mineral filler. mineral granules into the coating layer and In Fi ure 3, the arrangement ,is substantially i entical with-that of Figures 1 and 2 except that here the side walls of the bedplate 23 flare outwardly and a pair of similarly diverging guide lates 34 are fixed to the bed-plate 23 where y to assist in spreading the stream of mineral as it is forced outwardly by the air jet.

Figures 4, 5, and 6 show a somewhat different arrangement in that here the mineral is thrown against the sheet in a stream moving in the same general direction as the sheet,

inmead of transversely of the path of move-- 'mentof the sheet as in Figures 1, 2 and 3.

In carryingout. the invention with the arrangement of Figures 4, 5 and 6, I may employ as many separate streams across the sheet as are necessary completely'to cover the sheet across its entire widthwise extent. In Figures 4 and 5, I have-shown two storage bins 40 for the mineral, and a feed conduit 41 extending downwardly from each of said bins. 'In this form the flow of mineral through each conduit is controlled by a vertically sliding gate 42 connected to suitable operating mechanism therefor (not shown) through links or rods 43. The air supply lines are indicated at 44 in these figures.

A further modified arrangement for carry ing out the invention is depicted in'Figure's 7 and 8 wherein the sheet is indicated by the arrow to be moving in a direction opposite to the general direction of flow of the mineral stream, this arrangement affording somewhat greater impinging force of the mineral stream upon the coated sheet. In this form, also the'side walls 50 of the forwardly extending bed-plate are flared outwardly, and the mouth or nozzle 52 of the air-feed pipe '53 is similarly flared to provide for a wide spread of the mineral stream. Here also, a deflecting cover plate 54 may be swingably connected to the conduit 51 for the same purpose as described in connection with cover plate 28 of Figures 1 and 2. y

In the form of apparatus shown in Figures 10 and 11, the arrangement is generally similar to that of Figures 7 and 8, except that here the side walls of the bed-plate are flared at their extremities as shown at 61, and the swingable deflecting member 69 is provided with outwardly flaring sidewalls 62, as shown. .In this form also, the air feed line 67 may be formed with a tri-furcated nozzle 68, which, in conjunctionwith the segments 61 of the walls 60 and the flaring sides of the deflecting member 69, serves to spread the mineral stream as it is being projected by the air draft.

In .operation, the several devices thus described will'function in the manner already stated and as will be apparent to those skilled submerge the same therein. It may be desirable in many instances to employ heated air or gas in order to warm the mineral matter whereby the same may be caused to be driven into the coating with greater despatch.

By the process thus described, of first loading the coating, by driving thereinto a substantial amount of mineral filler, and then surfacing the sheet in the customary manner and with the usual mineral surfacing a highly improved and more durable and weather resistant product may be produced. In Figure 9 I have attempted to illustrate in a somewhat magnified view,'the product resulting from the process of my invention. In this view the numeral 70 indicates the foundation or base of the roofing, which may comprise asphalt impregnated felt, and 71 indicates. the overlying coating layer of .high melting point asphalt or the like. Distributed through the coating layer there will be seen numerous particles, comprising the mineral filler driven into and submerged in the coating by the impelling force of compressed air or the like. This filled zone of the coating is indicated at 72. The usual mineral surfacing of crushed slate, slag, or the like, ad-. hering to the outermost surface of the coating.

layer and partially embedded therein is indicated at 73.

The mineral filler 72 may comprise fine sand, or the fines of crushed slate, or waste mixed slates that generally accumulate around a roofing plant and which have heretofore been discarded. This waste slate can be profitably reclaimed in accordance with my invention by supplying it to the hoppers of the apparatus A and using it as the mineral filler to be driven into the coating in the mannerdescribed.

I claim as my invention;

1. In the manufacture of mineral surfaced prepared roofing, the improvement which comprises coating a foundation sheet with a layer of plastic adhesive waterproofing material, loading said coating layer with mineral filler by driving said mineral filler into said coating material under the impelling action of a fluid force, and subsequently applying a layer of granular surfacing .material to the thus loaded coating.

2. In the manufacture of mineral surfaced prepared roofing, the improvement which comprises coating a foundation sheet with a layer of plastic adhesive waterproofing material, loading said coating layer with mineral filler by driving said mineral filler into said coating material under the impelling action of compressed air, and subsequently applying a layer of granular surfacing material to the thus loaded coating.

3. In the manufacture of mineral surfaced prepared roofing, the steps comprising applying a coating layer of bituminous waterproofing material to a foundation sheet, forcing comminuted mineral ,matter into said coating layer by the vimpelling action of compressed air whereby said mineral will becomethe sheet'carrying said filled coating with. crushed mineral and causing the latter to be) partially imbedded in said coating whereby to provide a mineral surfacing therefor. v

5. In the manufacture of prepared roofing wherein a surface of a foundation sheet is supplied with a coating layer of adhesive Waterproofing material, the improvement which comprises loading said waterproofing material with comminuted mineral matter after the coating layer has been supplied to said sheet and While it is still in adhesive.

condition, said improvement including the step of forcing said mineral matter into the coating layer under air-pressure conditions adjusted to cause said mineral matter to become substantially completely submerged in said coating layer. 4

6. In the manufacture of prepared roofing, the steps comprising coating a foundation sheet with a layer of adhesive waterproofing substance, passing said coated sheet in close proximity to a stream of comminuted min eral matter, moving underthe influence of fluid pressure whereby to cause said mineral matter. to become'substantially submerged in said coating and subsequently applying a layer of granular material as a surfacing to the coated sheet.

7. In the manufacture of prepared roofing, the steps comprising coating 2. foundation sheet with a layerof adhesive waterproofing substance, subjecting the coated sheet to the action of a stream of commi-nuted mineral matter moving under the influence of fluid pressure, and thereafter applying a layer of granular surfacing material to the coated sheet. I

8. In an apparatus of the character described, means for delivering finely divided mineral matter .froma storage supply to a coated sheet of roofing base, fluid-pressure means for causing said mineral matter to be driven into and submerged in the coating of said base, and means for thereafter surfacing the thus treated coating with granular mineral matter.

"9; In an apparatus of the character described means for delivering finely divided in the-thus treated coating with granular mineral matter. 5 10. In an apparatus ofthe character described means for delivering finely divided mineral matter from a storage supply to a coated sheet of roofing base, mechanism associated with said delivery means for forcing a stream of the finely divided mineral matter transversely across the sheet and causing said mineral matter to become substantially submerged in' said coating and means for thereafter surfacing the thus treated coating with granular mineral matter.

11. In an apparatus of the character described means for delivering finely divided mineral matter from a storage supply to a coated sheet of roofing base, mechanism associated with said delivery means for forcing a stream of the finely divided mineral matter transversely across the sheet and causing said mineral matter to become substantially submerged in said coating and means for regulating the trajectory of said stream.

Signed at Rutherford, in the county Bergen and State of New Jersey, this 13th day of February, A. D. 1929.

' FRED JAEGER.

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