US1830773A

US1830773A - Oil burner

Info

Publication number: US1830773A
Application number: US70459A
Authority: US
Inventors: Thomas B Stillman
Original assignee: Babcock and Wilcox Co
Current assignee: Babcock and Wilcox Co
Priority date: 1925-11-21
Filing date: 1925-11-21
Publication date: 1931-11-10
Anticipated expiration: 1948-11-10

Description

Nov. 10, 1931. "r. B. STILLMAN OIL BURNER Original Filed Nov. 21, 1925 5 N O I 4 E T M M Mm I I MMH 0 ,III Y I Q a M 7 297/1111 g V I II IIIII I III IIII N ink Patented Nov. 10, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT FFICE THOMASB. STILLMAN, OF SOUTI-I ORANGE, NEW JERSEY, 'ASSIGNOR TO THE BAIBOOCK WILCOX COMPANY, OF BAYONNE, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY OIL BURNER Application filed November 21, 1925, Serial No. 70,459. Renewed April 7, 1931.

My present invention relates to improvements in oil burners, and particularly to arrangements by which the capacity of such burners may be varied over large ranges. My invention will bebest understood from the following description and the annexed drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a side elevation, partly in section, of an illustrative embodiment of my invention, the section portion of.

Fig. 1 being taken on the line'11 of Fig. 2,'and Fig. 2 is a section on the line 22 of Fig. 1, but with .the oil spraying device removed. 4 g Like reference characters indicate like parts in the different views.

In the illustrative embodiment, I have shown my invention as it would be applied to a locomotive fire box. the front furnace wall 10 of which is supplied with the usual fire opening. On the front of the wall 10 and at the left of Fig. 1, I have shown a wellknown form of air register 11 having a bladed cone 12, these parts being, for example, such as is shown in the patent to, Peabody and Stillman. 1,261,281, granted April 2. 1918. Mounted in the air register is an oil supply pipe 13. on.the end of which is mounteda fuel-spraying device I l and an air impeller plate 15, this'latter also being the arrangement shown in the Peabody and Stillman patent referred to above.

To the right of the furnace wall 10 in Fig. 1 and, therefore. on the furnace chamber side of the wall is an air duct 16, made, as shown best in Fig. 2. concentric with the center of the opening inthe wall 10 and with its lower portion narrowed to connect to' any suitable source of supply of combustion air.

' Vithin the duct 16 is a casing 17 extending across the duct 16 from its front to its rear wall and also concentric with the furnace wall opening. this casing 17 being provided with angularly disposed vanes 17 and angularly disposed air inlet openings or slots 18 in the periphery of the casing betweenthe vanes or blades 17 and preferably, with one of-these inlets 18 at the base of each. of the vanes 17. The-duct 16is. provided at its rear ,with a. cone-shaped portion 19 w an extends referred to, so that the nozzle 14 and the impeller 15 can be moved from an operative made adjustable longitudiposition in relation to, the bladed cone 12,

such as is shown in the said Peabodyand Stillman patent, and also may be moved to the position shown in Fig. 1.

The arrangement whic is particularly adapted for large variations in the amount of oil to be burned under different operating conditions.

When asmall amount of oil only is to be burned, then the nozzle 14 is drawn back to a position within the bladed cone 12 and the air supply through the duct 16 is shut off in any suitable manner. In this position, the burner will operate in the same manner as the burner shown in'the said Peabody and Stillman patent; With the parts in this position, however, the amount of air which could h I have described be gotten through thebladed cone 12, because duct 16.- The air from the duct 16 passes through each of the inlets 18 and is whirled by the blades 17 and also directed into the' cone of oil sprav by the frusto-conical shape of .the casing 17. It will be, understood, of

course, that, if desired, combustion air will also be admitted through the register 11..

With this arrangement, the amount of oil passing through the nozzle 14:may be increased many times over the amount passing through the nozzle when the latter is in its left-hand position in Fig. 1 and, at the same time. sufficient combustion air will be sup-- plied through the duct 16 to combine with this increased amount of oil and the air moreover assing p will be thoroughly'mixed with the spray by of' the increased volume of oil and air within 1 the casing 17'. When the nozzle is within the cone 12, air will be supplied thereto through the register 11 in the usual way, and when the nozzle is moved to a position within the casing 17', this same air may be used and supplemented by air through the duct 16, or air from the duct 16 may be supplied insuflicient volume to provide complete combustion. The source .of air supply and the rate at which it is supplied'may be varied asfound desirable. In any case, there is provided apassage with portions of different crosssection, in either of which portions the nozzle may be located. Each portion is provided with the usual air-deflecting blades, and the portions are made of sufficient size to give thorough mixture of oil and air, under certaln operating conditions. By this arrangement, the nozzle may be moved from one portion to the other, depending upon which operating condition is controlling at the time, and in that portion are provided the necessary space and blades for proper cooperation with the nozzle.

This burner is especially useful in connection with furnaces in which the doors are so small that an insufficient amount of air will pass through thes'ame'for combustion purposes, thus limiting the capacity of the burners because of lack of air. In many locomotive boilers, for example, the most of the air for combustion enters through a hole inthe -floor of the furnace. The burner described herein is adapted to utilize the air so introduced into a furnace for combustion of the oil at a very high rate.

It will be understood that the arrangement which I have shown-is merely illustrative and that the embodiment of my invention may be widely varied. It will also be understood that some of the features of my invention may be used independently of other features, V

I claim:

1. In an oil burner, an oil-spraying nozzle,

'a casing surrounding said nozzle, the peripheryof said casing being of a generally frustoconical shape with the small-endtowardtheh furnace chamber, vanes inside said casing and disposed at an angle to the axis of said nozzle, said casing having air inlets in the walls thereof between said vanes, and a duct of supply air to said inlets.

2. In combination, a furnace wall having an opening therein,'an air register on the exterior of the wall, a bladed cone extending from said air register into said opening, a bladed casing inside said wall and extending casing.

said inlets, and an oil-spraying nozzle mounted to be moved from a position within said bladed cone to a position within said bladed M 3. In combination, a'furnace wall having an opening therein, an oil-spraying nozzle, means to direct air flowing into said opening in a helical'path around ,said nozzle, an air duct leading into said furnace and discharging inside the furnace adjacent the opening,

-means whereby said nozzle may be moved into said duct, and meansto direct the air en-fl tering said duct in a helical path around said nozzle.

4. In combmation, a furnace having an opening in a wall thereof and through which air may enter the furnace, an air duct having its discharge end within the furnace adjacent said opening, an oil-spraying nozzle movable to a position within said opening or to a position at said discharge end of the duct, and plates disposed in said opening and at said discharge end of the duct to give a whirling motion to air passing therethrough.

5. In combination, a furnace having an opening in awall thereof through which air may enter the furnace, an air duct having its discharge end disposed within the furnace and concentric with said opening, said discharge end being arranged to discharge air towards the axis of the opening substantially parallel to said wall, and an oil-spraying nozzle movable to a position within said opening or to a position within said dischar end of the duct.

6. In combination, a furnace having an opening in a wall thereof through which'air may enter the furnace, an air duct disposed within said furnace adjacent the wall and arranged to discharge air towards the axis of said opening in a direction substantially parallel to the wall, and an oil spraying nozzle mounted substantially on the axis of said opening and movable to a position within said' .tion, air-deflecting blades in each of said portions. and means whereby said nozzle may be moved to position in either of said portions and into cooperative relation .with said blades."

8. In combination, an oil spraying nozzle, means forming a passage for air along the axis of the nozzle, said passage having a portion of relatively small cross-section and another portion of relatively large cross-section, air-deflecting blades in each of said portions, means whereby said nozzle may be nsaoma moved to position in either of said portions and into cooperative relation with said blades, and means for supplying additional air to said portion of large cross-section.

9. In combination, an oil spraying nozzle means forming a passage along the axis the nozzle, said passage having a portion of relatively small cross-section and another portion of relatively large cross-section, air deflecting blades in each of said portions,

means whereby said nozzle may be moved to position in either of said portions and into cooperative relation ,with said blades, and means for supplying air to each of said portions.

THOMAS B. STILLMAN.