US1830567A - Safety shutter for cinematographs - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 3, 1931. A. SHAPIRO SAFETY SHUTTER FOR CINEMATOGRAPHS Filed April 2, 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet l z 5 a W ww V W w 04 4 3 & a 0 5 3 5 7 im 2 7 3 Nov. 3, 1931. A. SHAPIRO SAFETY SHUTTER FOR CINEMATOGRAPHS Filed April 2, 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 [wavzfi Nov. 3, 1931. I A. SHAPIRO 1,830,567

SAFETY SHUTTER FOR CINEMATOGRAPHS Patented Nov. 3, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ABRAHAM SHAPIRO, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO UNIVERSAL STAMPING 80 MFG. 00., OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS SAFETY SHUTTER FOR GINEMATOGRAPHS Application filed April 2, 1930. Serial No. 441,019.

The main objects of this invention are to provide an improved form of cinematograph; to provide a cinematograph having Y an'improved form of safety shutter adapted to move automatically into the path of llght to interrupt some of the light rays of the lamp immediately upon the stopping of the light interceptor so as to permit the showing of a still picture without injury to the film; to provide improvedmechanism operable by the light interceptor for quick- .ly moving the safety shutter out of the path of light when the interceptor commences to ing improved means for dissipating much of the heat in the path of light.

An illustrative embodiment of this invention is shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein Figure l is a fragmentary side elevation of the front portion of a cinematograph casing with the side plate removed so as to show the operating mechanism.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary transverse section taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section, taken on the line 33 of Fig. 2, showing the safety shutter in operative position for screening the light rays. c Fig. 4 is'a view similar to Fig. 3, but showing the safety shutter in the position which it occupies while the interceptor is rotat- Fig. 5 is aperspective of the safety shutter.

' Fig. 6- is afragmentary side elevation,

. taken from the rightof Fig. 2 but showing the parts in the positions which they occupy during the rotation of the interceptor.

. Figs? is a vertical section, taken on the line 77Iof Fig. 2; the drum being omitted.

Fig. 8 is a detail, partly in elevation and partly in section, showing the safety shutterand its operating means.

The accompany ng drawings show only those portions of a projector whichv are believed necessary to a thorough apprehension of the invention. The improved safety shutter. to which this invention is applied, may be used in connection with many different types of cinematographs. In the construcrotate; and to provide a safety shutter hav tion is imparted to it bysuitable means, such as a reciprocating claw, for momentarily positioning each picture directly in the path of light.

When the exhibition of what is known as a still picture is desired, it is necessary to stop the film feeding means and light interceptor. If the film is stopped and the interceptor is positioned out of the path of light for the purpose of exhibiting a still picture, the heat of the lamp is likely to blister the film unless the light rays are screened. For this-reason, high grade projectors are equipped with a fire shutter or safety shutter which is movable into the path of light for screening the light rays when the interceptor is stopped.

In the construction herein shown, the casing of the machine. which is only partly shown, includes a side wall 1 having a gear housing 2 formed at its front end for housing a train of gears which drives the light interceptor, feeding claw, and film sprockets. A removable plate, not shown, is secured to the gear housing by screws 3. Formed on the front end of the gear hou'smg, are lugs 4, on which are pivoted the arms, not shown, for supporting the film reels.

The train of gears in the housing includes gears 5 and 6 mounted on shafts 7 and 8. respectively, which support the film feeding sprockets. not shown. The gears and 6 mesh with a gear 9 driven by a pinion 10 on a shaft 11 which supports a gear 12. The gear 12 is driven by a pinion 13 fast on a main drive shaft 14. The pinion 13 also meshes with a gear 15 mounted on a shaft 16 which actuates the film feeding claw, not a hub 45 which is recessed to form a guideshown. way 46 for a pair of radially movable gov- Also mounted on the drive shaft 14, is a ernor bodies-47, which, upon rotation of the gear 17 which drives a gear 18 secured to gear 18, are thrown into frictional engageone end of a hollow shaft 19 supported in ment with the drum 44 for shiftingthe safe- 9 bushings 20 in a bearing 21 formed on the ty shutter out of the light path. The weights wall 1. 47 are secured to the gear 18 by pins 48 en- Extending laterally from the wall 1 on gaging radial slots 49 in the gear. the side opposite the gear housing, is a front Embracing the periphery of the hub 45, is wall 22 having a light aperture 23, and a mid-' a spring wire 50 which engages the weights 75 dle .partition 24 which supports the usual 47 forquickly retracting these weights upon condenser 25. A lamp 25.1 is located in a th topping of the gear 18. 1 mpartment ehind the con ensel' Mounted on the outer face of the drum 44, Located in the front compartment of the is a sheet metal plate 51 which has a lug 52 g, i a pp Shell 26 v g struck out therefrom for engaging an aper- 80 metrically opposed apertures 27 a 28 in ture 53 in a link 54. Formed in the link 54, alinement with the condenser and aperi 1 t 55 for-receiving a stop pin 56 mounttlll 23. The Shell is II QII I Wi sp ed on the wall 1 for securing the safety shutto the shaft 19, and its base is rigidly secured t i fl t ti b o d th tical i-' 2 to the wall 1.

p I Located within the shell 26, is arotatable end of the link 54, is a spring 57 which is fasdrlllh in ercep r 29 h ving P D arms tened to the casing so as to quickly restore 30 adapted to move transversely through the safety shutter to the operative position horizontal P of light forinterruptmg shown in Fig. 3 when the interceptor ceases tion shown in Fig. 4. Secured to the upper 25 the light rays passing outwardly through t ti I the shell. The base of the interceptor is se- I th Operation f this improved projec cured to the inner reduced end of the shaft .t th fil i f d d dl i f t f 19- by'means of a nut 31 threaded on the th light t r 23 b means of the shaft. I sprockets and feeding claw, not shown,

30 The improved Safety Shutter herein Shown which are driven by the train of gears in the is disposed coaxiaiiy with respect the housing 2. During the normal operation'of interceptor and is adapted 0 he 'he y the machine, the. gear 18 rotates the intercep- DIl B t0 the interceptor y an improved tor 29 continuously for interrupting the light centrifugal clutch, which is operable upon rays I I 35 rotation of the interceptor for shiftlng the A on asthe gear 18 starts to rotate for Shutter u Of the light F l h- I a driving the interceptor, the bodies 47 are In the form Shownythe improvfid saffiity thrown outwardly by centrifugal action so Shutter c mpr an arm 32 p i fi with as to frictionally engage the drum 44, where- I all elongated aperture i receiving one upon the drum is rotated for shifting the 40 end of Shaft which 1S rotatahiy safety shutter 32 out of the light path. Rotaported within the hollow shaft 19. The shutti f th d 44 i li it d b th t f ter is secured to the shaft 34 by a screw 35. pin 56, hi h engages th li k 54 so as t Formed On n end 0f the arm (311p cure the safety shutter against movement which supports a pm t disk 3 beyond the vertical position shown in Fig. 4. 45 fnrmed Preferably of heat revslsilng i After the drum is stopped by the link 54.;the 11O The disk 37 is disposed ahsubstantialiy right governor bodies 47 on the rotating gear 18 angles to the arm 32 and is movable into the merely li n the periphery of the drum. P of light directly behind the apertures Upon the stopping of thedrive shaft 14, as 2 nd 23 as shown In E Moiinted on for instance, when it is desired to display a 50 the inner faceof the disk 37, is a wire mesh picture. the Spring 50 urges h i whichdissipatesmuch Q i heat of the weights 47'inwardly out of contactwith the llsht y s as 9 prevent n y 9 t film drum and the spring 57 quickly shifts the when the shutter 15 in operative posltlon- A safety shutter to the position shown in Fig.

counter weight 39 is mounted on the opposite 3, Wh th di k 37 a d screen 38 i- 55 end of the arm 32. g

The shaft 34 is preferably reduced at its light'aperture, much of the heat is dissipated central portion to provide an 011 chamber 40 d the film may be held any length of time communicating with an oil supply pipe 41 ith t i j through a port 42 in the shaft 19 and a cham- Although but one specific embodiment of 6 her-43 located, between the bushings 20. I this invention has been herein shown and de- The improved centrifugal clutch, which is scribed, it will be understood that numerous adapted to connect the safety shutter with details of the construction shown may be althe interceptor, includes the gear 18 and a-- tered or omitted withoutdeparting from thidrum 44 whlch 1s fast on the shaft. 34. spirit of this invention as defined by the fol 05 Formed on the gear 18, adjacent the drum, is lowing-claims; I i

tioned in the light path directly behind the I claim:

1. In a cinematograph, a casing having a light aperture, illuminating means behind said aperture for directing light rays through said aperture, a rotatable member between said means and said aperture, a glass disk carried by said member and movable thereby into the path of light, a metallic foraminous screen mounted on one side of said disk for dissipating some of the heat of the gays, and mechanism for rotating said mem- 2. In a cinematograph, a casing having a light aperture, a lamp behind said aperture for directing light rays forwardly, a safety shutter comprising a rotatable arm, a clip on one end of said arm, a glass disk supported on said clip and movable into and out of the path of light behind said aperture, a wire mesh screen mounted on one face of said disk 'fordissipating some of the heat of the rays,

and mechanism for rotating said shutter.

3. vA cinematograph comprising a casing having a light aperture, illuminating means behind said aperture, a light interceptor located between said means and aperture'and adapted tobe rotated through the path of light for interrupting the light rays, operating mechanism for actuating said interceptor, a rotatable safety shutter movable into the path of light behind said aperture,

a pair of clutch elements connected respec-- tively to said interceptor and shutter, a pair of governor bodies connected to one of said elements and movable radially into frictional engagement with the other of said elements for rotating said shutter out of the light path upon the rotation of said interceptor, means limiting the rotation of said shutter, and a spring engaging said other element for normally shifting said shutter into the path of light. r

4'. A cinematograph comprising-a casing having a light aperture, illuminating means behind said aperture, a light interceptor located between said means and aperture and adapter to be rotated through the path of light for interrupting the light rays, operating'mechanism for actuating said interceptor, a rotatable safety shutter movable into the path of light behind said aperture, said operating mechanism including a gear connected to said interceptor for driving said interceptor, a rotatable clutch element connected to said shutter, and a pair of radially movable governor bodies carried directly onsaid gear and movable into frictional engagement with said clutch element for rotating said shutter out of the light path upon the rotation of said interceptor. v

5, A cinematograph comprising a casing having a light aperture, illuminatingimeans behind said aperture, a light interceptor located between said means and aperture and light for interrupting the light rays, operating mechanism for actuating said interceptor, a rotatable safety shutter movable into the path of light behind said aperture, said ops erating mechanism including a gear connected to said interceptor, a rotatable clutch element connected to said shutter, a pair of radially movable governor bodies connected to said gear and movable outwardly into frictional engagement with said clutch element for rotating said shutter out of the light path upon the rotation of said interceptor, and a spring connected to said" clutch element for normally urging said shutter into the path of light. so

6. A cinematograph comprising a casing having a lightaperture, a lamp behind said aperture for directing light forwardly through said aperture, a pair of concentrically arranged shafts rotatably mounted on'said casing, a light interceptor mounted on one of said shafts and located between'said lamp and aperture for interrupting the light rays, a safety shutter mounted on the other of said 7 shafts between said lamp and aperture, operating mechanism including a gear on the interceptor shaft, pins on said gear, a ,clutch drum 011 the shutter shaft, a pair of radially movable governor bodies directly carried by said pins and movable into frictional engage- 5 ment with said drum for shifting said shutter out of the light path upon rotation of said interceptor, and means engaging said drum for limiting its rotation.

7. A cinematograph comprising a casing casing, a light interceptor mounted on one of i said shafts and located between said lamp and aperture for interrupting the light rays, a safety shutter mounted on the other of said shafts between said lamp and aperture, operating mechanism including a gear fast on the interceptor shaft for driving said interceptor, a clutch drum on the shutter shaft,

a pair of radially movable governor bodies mounted directly on said gear and adapted to frictionally engage said drum for shifting said shutter out of the light path upon rotation of said interceptor, and a spring yieldingly restraining the outward movement of said bodies.

8. A cinematograph comprising a casing 1 having a light aperture, a lamp behind said aperture for directing light forwardly through said aperture, a pair of concentrically arranged shafts rotatably mounted on said casing, a light interceptor mounted on one ofsaid shafts and located between said lamp and aperture for interrupting the light rays,

a safety shutter mounted on the other of said shafts between said lamp and aperture, operating mechanism including a gear on the interceptorshaft, a clutch drum on the shutter shaft, a pair of radially movable governor bodies mounted on said gear and adapted to frictionally engage said drum for shifting w said shutter out of the light path upon rotation of said interceptor, a link connectedto said drum, a stop engaging said link for limiting the rotation of said shutter, and a spring" engaging said link for urging said shutter 10 into the light path upon the stopping of said gear.

Signed at 1930.

Chicagothis 31st day of March,

ABRAHAM SHAPIRO.

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