US182419A - Improvement in processes for the manufacture of lime and cement - Google Patents
Improvement in processes for the manufacture of lime and cement Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US182419A US182419A US182419DA US182419A US 182419 A US182419 A US 182419A US 182419D A US182419D A US 182419DA US 182419 A US182419 A US 182419A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- lime
- cement
- improvement
- heat
- manufacture
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 title description 22
- 235000015450 Tilia cordata Nutrition 0.000 title description 22
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 title description 22
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 title description 22
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 title description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 8
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229940108066 Coal Tar Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229960002126 Creosote Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000006173 Larrea tridentata Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000007588 Larrea tridentata Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003190 augmentative Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002939 deleterious Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036545 exercise Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
- F27B7/20—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to rotary-drum furnaces
- F27B7/2016—Arrangements of preheating devices for the charge
- F27B7/2025—Arrangements of preheating devices for the charge consisting of a single string of cyclones
- F27B7/2033—Arrangements of preheating devices for the charge consisting of a single string of cyclones with means for precalcining the raw material
Definitions
- the invention consists in a new process of burning lime or cement in a furnace by injecting a carbonized air-spray upon the stone after it has reached a red heat, and subsequently at a white heat, as hereinafter described.
- A is an ordinary lime-kiln, having the furnacexB, which is somewhat modified, to adapt them to'my improvement.
- 0 O are nozzles consisting of an internal and .externaf'pipe, the
- the lnanuer of burning lime or cement under my improvement may be described as follows:
- the cupolaA is filled with lime or cenient stone.
- the reservoirs l) are filled with petroleum or other liquid fuel; a fireiskindled in the furnaces B, near the nozzles O.
- the cocks c are adjusted to admit the required amount of fuel to the nozzles, and the cooks d are opened to admit the air-blast, which, in
- the product will be inferior.
- the fuel which I em-f ploy is free from sulphur or creosote, both of v combustion of hydrocarbon, urged by a blast of air.
Description
U. cvmm'mes.
PROCESS FOR THEMANUFACTURE 0F LIME AND CEMENT.
No.18ZA19. Patented Sept. 19, 1816'.
WITNESSES MK) ATTDBIIEYS.
N,PTER5, PHOTO-LITMOGRAFHER, WASHINGTQN, D C.
UNITED STATES PATENT OF URIAH CUMMINGS, OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF,
LEWIS J.BENNETT, AND WILLIAM W.-PIEROE, OF SAME PLAOE.
IMPROVEMENT IN PROCESSES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF LIME AND CEMENT.
' Specificationforming part of Letters Patent No.1824l9, dated September 19, 1876; application filed 1 V June 30, 1876.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, URIAH CUMMINGS, of Buffalo, in the county of Erie and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Process for the Manufacture of Lime and Cement 5 and I do hereby declare that the following is afull, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, forming part of this specification, in which the figure represents an apparatus designed for carrying out my invention.
The invention consists in a new process of burning lime or cement in a furnace by injecting a carbonized air-spray upon the stone after it has reached a red heat, and subsequently at a white heat, as hereinafter described.
A is an ordinary lime-kiln, having the furnacexB, which is somewhat modified, to adapt them to'my improvement. 0 O are nozzles consisting of an internal and .externaf'pipe, the
internal one, a, being connected witha reser voir, '1), containing petroleum or other liquid fuel, and the larger or external one, b, being of such size as to leave a liberal space around the internal pipe, which is lined with fire-brick B, and is connected by a pipe witha blower, E,or other air-forcing apparatus. A suitable cock, 0, is put in the pipe at to control the supply of liquid fuel. A cock, d, is placed in the pipe I) to regulate the air-blast. The reservoir Dis placed in an elevated position, so that the natural gravity of the liquid will carry it into the nozzle 0; or it may be placed in such a position that it will require steam-pressure, or a pump, or other artificial means to'force it through the nozzle 0.
If fuel is used which is semi-fluid, and which will not flow at an ordinary temperature, the
pipe which connects the reservoir D with the nozzle 0 should be placed in the walls of the kiln, so near the shaft or flue that it may receive sufficient heat to cause it to flow readily.
The lnanuer of burning lime or cement under my improvement may be described as follows: The cupolaA is filled with lime or cenient stone. The reservoirs l) are filled with petroleum or other liquid fuel; a fireiskindled in the furnaces B, near the nozzles O. The cocks c are adjusted to admit the required amount of fuel to the nozzles, and the cooks d are opened to admit the air-blast, which, in
its passage through the nozzle, takes the liquid fuel as it comes from the pipe at, mingles with it, and drives it into the furnace in, the form of spray. This carbonized air is thusinjected in the form of spray upon the stone after it has reached a red heat, and afterward continued, completely filling the chamber of the furnace. The hot limestonereflects the heat backupou the slanting fire-brick walls, and the air, made combustible by the admixed carbon, produces the finest and cheapest flame yet known. Soon after the process is begun the brick lining of the furnace becomes incaudescent, and the supply of fuel is augmented. A vast volume of flame is projected against and among the stones which fill the kiln, causing them to become quickly and perfectly calcined.
- The process of filling the kiln and removing the calcined lime from the base of the cupola does not differ from the ordinary practice. Any hydrocarbon, such as crude petroleum, coal-tar, 850., may be used, the cheapest being preferred.
If too much heat is applied, the stone isvitrified and reduced to a worthless condition, and if too little heat is employed the product is no better than when it entered the'kiln; and, besides this,-the quality of the lime is deteriorated by the action of the sulphurous gas which emanates from the coal, and is injured by the admixture of ashes which are drawn into the cupola. When wood is used as fuel these difficulties exist to a certain extent.v
The objections above alluded toare obviated by my improvement, as the heat is abso lutely controllable, making it possible to produce and maintain a greater or less amount of heat at pleasure. This is very important,
- as without a well-regulated heat, which is proportioned to the materials in hand, the product will be inferior.
which injure the quality of the lime or cement. By my process no smoke or ashes are produced.
In addition to the advantages already mentioned, one of the greatest is that a kiln working under my improvement has double the capacity of those working in the ordinary way,
being the result of a uniform temperature and the peculiar action of the flame created by the FIoE.
The fuel which I em-f ploy is free from sulphur or creosote, both of v combustion of hydrocarbon, urged by a blast of air.
Iam aware that liquid fuel has been employed for boilers and other purposes, and that a mixture of air and steam has been used in conjunction with the liquid; but they have failed hitherto to produce any satisfactory resteam, however, under a perfect combustion,
I find that the heat is too intense, and exercises a deleterious influence upon cement and lime, as well as destroys rapidly the furnacebrick.
In other uses it is probable that this high heat may not be objectionable.
By using air alone, with the perfect combustion obtained, a good red heat is obtained,
just sufficieut in degree to make a very fine article of lime or cement, and that will only glaze the furnace-brick, causing them to be very durable.
Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new is-- In the process of manufacturing lime or cement, the injection of a carbonized air-spray directly upon the stone at a red heat, and sub- 'sequently, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
, URIAH CUMMINGS. Witnesses:
L. J. BENNETT, WM. W. PIERCE.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US182419A true US182419A (en) | 1876-09-19 |
Family
ID=2251825
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US182419D Expired - Lifetime US182419A (en) | Improvement in processes for the manufacture of lime and cement |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US182419A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2918267A (en) * | 1953-03-18 | 1959-12-22 | Bethlehem Steel Corp | Pelletizing furnace |
-
0
- US US182419D patent/US182419A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2918267A (en) * | 1953-03-18 | 1959-12-22 | Bethlehem Steel Corp | Pelletizing furnace |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US548816A (en) | Apparatus for manufacturing gas | |
US182419A (en) | Improvement in processes for the manufacture of lime and cement | |
US974322A (en) | Smoke-consuming furnace. | |
US692257A (en) | Method of calcining lime, &c. | |
US1344333A (en) | Gas-generator and combustion-chamber for pulverized fuel | |
US860685A (en) | Method of and apparatus for burning cement. | |
US441062A (en) | Cpiarles m | |
US776171A (en) | Method of producing complete combustion. | |
US702418A (en) | Gas generating and burning furnace. | |
US326161A (en) | selwyn | |
US187243A (en) | Improvement in furnaces for brick-kilns | |
US296398A (en) | evans | |
US440950A (en) | Apparatus for manufacturing heating or fuel gas | |
US454531A (en) | Apparatus for the manufacture of gas | |
US1305689A (en) | Liquid-fuel-gasifying apparatus | |
US485820A (en) | Means for burning solid carbonaceous fuels | |
US1179180A (en) | Process of calcining limestone. | |
US174387A (en) | Improvement in methods of manufacturing lime and cement | |
US385072A (en) | schlimme | |
US291386A (en) | Moeg-an | |
US613868A (en) | Smelting-furnace | |
US464695A (en) | William a | |
US413263A (en) | George richardson | |
US253217A (en) | Frederick a | |
US486491A (en) | Gas-producer |