US1820529A - Wind motor - Google Patents

Wind motor Download PDF

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Publication number
US1820529A
US1820529A US287520A US28752028A US1820529A US 1820529 A US1820529 A US 1820529A US 287520 A US287520 A US 287520A US 28752028 A US28752028 A US 28752028A US 1820529 A US1820529 A US 1820529A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
blades
blade
wind
speed
fluid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US287520A
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English (en)
Inventor
Darrieus Georges Jean Marie
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LEBLANC VICKERS MAURICE SA
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LEBLANC VICKERS MAURICE SA
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Publication date
Application filed by LEBLANC VICKERS MAURICE SA filed Critical LEBLANC VICKERS MAURICE SA
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1820529A publication Critical patent/US1820529A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06—Rotors
    • F03D1/0608—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/21—Rotors for wind turbines
    • F05B2240/221—Rotors for wind turbines with horizontal axis
    • F05B2240/2213—Rotors for wind turbines with horizontal axis and with the rotor downwind from the yaw pivot axis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • Thisinvention relates to fluid motors and ifnore particularly v to propeller blades. thereor. V
  • impeller having propeller. blades, vane wheels or thelike, with a tail vane or auxiliary directing vane Wheel pivoted thereto.
  • pellers, the blades or vane wheel were, themselves, often pivotally positioned so that they could be partially or wholly Withdrawn from the thrust of the wind when its velocity exceededa given amount. This wasaccom: plished by means of springscompressed by the increased thrust ofthe actuating fluid.
  • Still another object of my invention has been to provide impeller blades having substantially like angles of incidence alongtheir entire length orradius.
  • a further object of my invention has been to provide an impeller than can be designed to operate at a substantially constant speed
  • a still further-object ofvmyinvention been'to provide an impellerhaving blades of extreme narrowness but of suitable strength and tangential rigidity.
  • i r Y A still further object of my invention has been to provide a more simple, positive,and eflicient impeller blade.
  • I 7 V M Fig. 1 is a plot of propeller characteristic curves used in the design of my invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a sideview of a device constructed in accordance with a form of my invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a further embodiment of my invention.
  • k Fig. 5 is. a sectional View of member 15 on line VV of Fig. 3;'and 1 a Fig. 6 shows sectional views on lines VI-'VI and VIVI (b) of member 29 ofFig.4.
  • J l I Although a preferred form of my inven tion is shown in Fig. 4, yet impellers 10, such as shown in Figs. 2 and 3 may be employed, provided that the requirements of torque, speed, and strength are within certain limits.
  • the impellers shown in Figs. 2 and 3 include aalurality of propeller blades or vanes 11, rigi ly secured to a common axis 13.
  • Fig. 5 illustrates the stream line form of the brace 15; and, the structure 14 has a similar stream line sec tion, differing from the brace 15 only in relative width.
  • the several acre-foils may be staggered with respect to each other in this tangential direetron so as to constitute a frame of a sort of pylon having a great moment of inertia in all directions and substantially braced with re- Spect to shearing forces (see Fig. 4).
  • the blade 21 in Fig. 4 can be employed in place of the blades 11 of Figs. 2 and 3 in connection with the impeller construction shown. Although any suitable type of impeller and drive mechanism can be employed, yet, it follows that the peculiar construction of the blade 21 needs specific description here.
  • each of the acre-foils 22 at one end 24 merges with the others to form the apex of a pylon; from the apex 24, each aerofoil slopes outward towards its :;;upport ing end, where it is rigidly and securely fixed to a common axis 26 in any suitable manner.
  • Fig. 6 shows the stream line construction of the aeroioil 22.
  • the axis 26 may be provided with slots of relatively shallow depth for receiving each supporting end of the blade 21.
  • a plurality of shelves or stays 28 are positioned to be clamped between the plurality of aerofoils 22, substantially parallel to the blade axis 26, for tying them together at points along their length.
  • oblique tie structure 29 of wire or other suitable material is rigidly secured so as t cross brace one acre-foil 22 with respect to the others of a given blade along the length thereof in a manner shown in Fig. 4:.
  • the wind motor 10, itself, including the blades 21 and their common axis 26, may be positioned as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, or in any other suitable manner, so that the common axis 26 may rotate about a stationary support 9 or the like and that agenerator or the. like can be positioned to rotate with the axis 26 by the employment of suitable gearing, belt, shaft or the like (not shown)
  • suitable gearing, belt, shaft or the like not shown
  • the vanes or blades of the impeller orwind may be positioned as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, or in any other suitable manner, so that the common axis 26 may rotate about a stationary support 9 or the like and that agenerator or the. like can be positioned to rotate with the axis 26 by the employment of suitable gearing, belt, shaft or the like (not shown)
  • the vanes or blades of the impeller orwind may be positioned as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, or in any other suitable manner, so that the common axis 26 may rotate about a stationary support
  • the wind motor system which is the sub ject of thisinven'tion, is based upon the following technical considerations.
  • Sections finely stream lined and with great transversz-il elongation. employed in aviation have the property that, as long as the angle of incidence with re pect to the chord of the section does not exceed a limit of a few degrees, the thrust of the fluid varies nearly proportional to this angle incidence and moreover remains almost exactly normal or perpendicular, not to the chord of the section, but to the direction of the relative speed. On the contrary, beyond a certain critical angle oi.
  • the wind motorsystem of: thepr-csent invention includes wings, blades or vanes of very fine section, that is to say, having a very small ratio of drag for a given thrust of the actuating fluid.
  • the blades can be very little inclined to'the plane of rotation, that is,-tl1cy can have a very small ratio of pitch to'diam'eter, without a corresponding reduction of the tangential or useful component of the actuating fluid thrust and an increase of the drag.
  • This ratio of pitch to diameter may be 3 ;,'and, the purpose of. employing such a ratio will be explainedjf f v
  • the ratio of 10 to 1] is employed in order that the relative sped Of the blades will iyt substantially depend upon the velocity of the I actuating fluid Iwithin' the: widest limits of variation of the latter anticipated underno'rg mal operation conditions. :Of" course,the
  • a blade having a suitable angle of ineidence can'fbe provided by keeping the'ratio of surfa e p tQisur-facle of blades at'substa'ntially 10'jt'o 11 This ratio, foundedonthe stream line section" of the blade, lays the foundation fora'high tangenw tial speed of the'blade, "In other words,the ratio of the tangential speed of blade to. ab-
  • solute velocityof actuating fluid will also be substantially 1O to'l.
  • a suitable angle of incidence having a desired poinuwill be provided when the'ratio of blade pitch to di'- ameteristaken as 1 to 3.
  • the curves are chosen so that a straight line, indicatedby.ein Fig. 1, can be drawn through theirpoints of contact, and further, so that thea'ngular speed of each portion of the blade is such that the, equation of wind exceeds a value corresponding to.
  • a fluid motor having a plurality of blades mounted on" a common hub, each of said blades having the form of a pylon of triangular section, said pylon cons sting of three aerofoils rigidly secured to the hub.
  • a fluid motor substantially as specified in claim 1' whose blades are bent in the direction of flow of the actuating fluid, so that the centrifugal force of the blades of said motor when rotating will tend to counterbalance the shearing and twisting forces exerted by the actuating fluid.
  • the surface area of said aerofoils of the blades having a ratio of not more than 1 to to the area'sweptout b said aerofoils during rotation of the bl a'des,so that a high ratio of tangential speed of the blades to the velocity of the actuating fluid will be maintained.
  • a fluid motor having a rotating hub and a 'plurality 'of blades mounted thereon
  • each of said blades having the form of a 1'? p lon of triangulargsection, said-pylon inc uding a gluralityof aerofoils rigidly cured to, t e hub, stays disposed between said aerofoilsfor tying them together at: portions alongtheir length, and oblique ties L j;
  • a a I 8 Ina fluid motor the combination of a plurality ofblades' mounted on a common 5 hub, each of said bladeshaving the form of a pylon of. triangular section, said pylon including three aerofoils rigidly secured to the'hub, each of said aerofoils having a pitch which decreases, and a width which decreases with portions of increasing distance from the hub thereof, so thatrbladcs,
  • actuating fluid will be separated for pro-- venting further increaseof the rotative speed of the blades, and so thatthe vangle of incidence will be. transcended simultaneously along the entire length of the blades,
  • a fluid motor having a plurality 5r bladesmounted on a; common ub,.each of said blades havingthe form of a pylon of trian 'ular section, said pylon including plural ub and merging atone end to form a co n monaex.”
  • fluid motor having a plurality of blades mounted on a common hub,.--each of ity of aerofoils rigidly secured tothe J said blades having the form of apylon of 1 f triangular section, said, pylon. including a plurality of aerofoils rigidly securedto thev hub and oblique ties for crossvbracing one aerofoil with respect to each of the others along the length of'each of said blades, 11.
  • a fluidmotor having a plurality of blades mounted on a common hub, each of said blades having the form of a pylon of triangular section, said pylon including a plurality of areofoils rigidly secured to the hub, stays disposed between said aerofoils for tying them together at portions along their length.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)
US287520A 1927-06-27 1928-06-22 Wind motor Expired - Lifetime US1820529A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR292953X 1927-06-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1820529A true US1820529A (en) 1931-08-25

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US287520A Expired - Lifetime US1820529A (en) 1927-06-27 1928-06-22 Wind motor

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US1820529A (xx)
DE (1) DE577917C (xx)
FR (1) FR636615A (xx)
GB (1) GB292953A (xx)
NL (1) NL24839C (xx)

Cited By (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4081221A (en) * 1976-12-17 1978-03-28 United Technologies Corporation Tripod bladed wind turbine
EP0009767A2 (de) * 1978-10-11 1980-04-16 Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Einblattrotor für Windturbinen und Verfahren zum Anfahren und Stillsetzen desselben
US4329115A (en) * 1981-02-02 1982-05-11 Grumman Aerospace Corporation Directionally stabilized wind turbine
US4329116A (en) * 1978-10-06 1982-05-11 Olle Ljungstrom Wind turbine of cross-flow type
US4525124A (en) * 1982-06-07 1985-06-25 Watson Thomas A Balanced stress vertical axis wind turbine
US4533297A (en) * 1982-09-15 1985-08-06 Bassett David A Rotor system for horizontal axis wind turbines
US4993348A (en) * 1987-08-20 1991-02-19 Wald Leonard H Apparatus for harvesting energy and other necessities of life at sea
US5161952A (en) * 1990-09-24 1992-11-10 Rann, Inc. Dual-plane blade construction for horizontal axis wind turbine rotors
US5509866A (en) * 1994-06-28 1996-04-23 Univerg Research Netwerg, Ltd. Epicyclical galactic cluster gearing system
EP0937893A3 (de) * 1998-02-20 2001-10-04 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Rotorblatt für Windkraftanlagen
US6327957B1 (en) 1998-01-09 2001-12-11 Wind Eagle Joint Venture Wind-driven electric generator apparatus of the downwind type with flexible changeable-pitch blades
EP2006537A2 (en) 2007-06-21 2008-12-24 Manuel Torres Martinez Blade for a horizontal-axis wind generator
US20090232656A1 (en) * 2005-10-17 2009-09-17 Peter Grabau Blade for a wind Turbine Rotor
US20100303631A1 (en) * 2009-05-29 2010-12-02 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Wind Turbine Rotor Blade Having Segmented Tip
US20110223034A1 (en) * 2010-12-15 2011-09-15 General Electric Company Wind turbine rotor blade
US20120328434A1 (en) * 2010-02-25 2012-12-27 The Regents Of The University Of California Integrated wind turbine
WO2016048221A1 (en) * 2014-09-25 2016-03-31 Winfoor Ab Rotor blade for wind turbine
EP1596063B1 (de) 2004-05-11 2016-09-28 Senvion GmbH Windturbine mit gekrümmten Rotorblättern
DK178849B1 (en) * 2008-06-06 2017-03-27 Gen Electric ROTOR UNIT FOR A WINDMILL AND METHOD FOR INSTALLING THE SAME
EP2906819B1 (en) 2012-10-12 2017-05-03 Joint Blade Rotor A/S Joined blade wind turbine rotor
EP3222846A1 (en) 2016-03-24 2017-09-27 Winfoor AB Wind turbine rotor blade
USD822602S1 (en) 2015-10-29 2018-07-10 Winfoor Ab Triblade
CN108368823A (zh) * 2015-12-08 2018-08-03 赢富尔股份公司 用于风力涡轮机的转子叶片
EP3412906A1 (en) 2017-06-08 2018-12-12 Winfoor AB A wind turbine rotor blade, a section thereof and an interconnecting member
US20190101128A1 (en) * 2017-10-01 2019-04-04 Papa Abdoulaye MBODJ Wing or blade design for wingtip device, rotor, propeller, turbine, and compressor blades with energy regeneration
US20200262551A1 (en) * 2019-02-19 2020-08-20 United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Bi-Planer Rotor Blade

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE742242C (de) * 1939-10-26 1943-11-26 Licht Und Kraft Ag Elektrisches Windkraftwerk
DE3234170C2 (de) * 1981-10-26 1985-04-11 Öko-Energie AG, Zürich Windkraftanlage mit mindestens einem um eine Drehachse drehbaren Flügel
DE3239087A1 (de) 1982-10-22 1984-04-26 István 6482 Bad Orb Horváth Anlage fuer nutzbarmachung der windenergie
DE3249939C2 (xx) * 1982-10-22 1991-07-18 Istvan 6482 Bad Orb De Horvath
EP0295353B1 (de) * 1987-06-13 1991-04-17 Khammas, Achmed Adolf Wolfgang Rotorblatt
GB2467745A (en) 2009-02-11 2010-08-18 Vestas Wind Sys As Wind turbine blade with tension element(s) to increase edgewise stiffness

Cited By (42)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4081221A (en) * 1976-12-17 1978-03-28 United Technologies Corporation Tripod bladed wind turbine
US4329116A (en) * 1978-10-06 1982-05-11 Olle Ljungstrom Wind turbine of cross-flow type
EP0009767A2 (de) * 1978-10-11 1980-04-16 Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Einblattrotor für Windturbinen und Verfahren zum Anfahren und Stillsetzen desselben
EP0009767A3 (en) * 1978-10-11 1980-06-11 Messerschmitt-Bolkow-Blohm Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung Single-bladed wind-turbine rotor
US4329115A (en) * 1981-02-02 1982-05-11 Grumman Aerospace Corporation Directionally stabilized wind turbine
US4525124A (en) * 1982-06-07 1985-06-25 Watson Thomas A Balanced stress vertical axis wind turbine
US4533297A (en) * 1982-09-15 1985-08-06 Bassett David A Rotor system for horizontal axis wind turbines
US4993348A (en) * 1987-08-20 1991-02-19 Wald Leonard H Apparatus for harvesting energy and other necessities of life at sea
US5161952A (en) * 1990-09-24 1992-11-10 Rann, Inc. Dual-plane blade construction for horizontal axis wind turbine rotors
US5509866A (en) * 1994-06-28 1996-04-23 Univerg Research Netwerg, Ltd. Epicyclical galactic cluster gearing system
US6327957B1 (en) 1998-01-09 2001-12-11 Wind Eagle Joint Venture Wind-driven electric generator apparatus of the downwind type with flexible changeable-pitch blades
EP0937893A3 (de) * 1998-02-20 2001-10-04 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Rotorblatt für Windkraftanlagen
EP1596063B1 (de) 2004-05-11 2016-09-28 Senvion GmbH Windturbine mit gekrümmten Rotorblättern
US20090232656A1 (en) * 2005-10-17 2009-09-17 Peter Grabau Blade for a wind Turbine Rotor
US8177517B2 (en) * 2005-10-17 2012-05-15 Lm Glasfiber A/S Blade for a wind turbine rotor
US8469672B2 (en) 2005-10-17 2013-06-25 Lm Glasfiber A/S Blade for a wind turbine rotor
EP2006537A2 (en) 2007-06-21 2008-12-24 Manuel Torres Martinez Blade for a horizontal-axis wind generator
US20080317599A1 (en) * 2007-06-21 2008-12-25 Manuel Torres Martinez Blade for a horizontal-axis wind generator
ES2322423A1 (es) * 2007-06-21 2009-06-19 Manuel Torres Martinez Pala para aerogenerador de eje horizontal.
DK178849B1 (en) * 2008-06-06 2017-03-27 Gen Electric ROTOR UNIT FOR A WINDMILL AND METHOD FOR INSTALLING THE SAME
US20100303631A1 (en) * 2009-05-29 2010-12-02 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Wind Turbine Rotor Blade Having Segmented Tip
US20120328434A1 (en) * 2010-02-25 2012-12-27 The Regents Of The University Of California Integrated wind turbine
US9228564B2 (en) * 2010-02-25 2016-01-05 The Regents Of The University Of California Integrated wind turbine
US8317483B2 (en) * 2010-12-15 2012-11-27 General Electric Company Wind turbine rotor blade
US20110223034A1 (en) * 2010-12-15 2011-09-15 General Electric Company Wind turbine rotor blade
EP2906819B2 (en) † 2012-10-12 2020-07-29 Joint Blade Rotor A/S Joined blade wind turbine rotor
EP2906819B1 (en) 2012-10-12 2017-05-03 Joint Blade Rotor A/S Joined blade wind turbine rotor
EP3597901A1 (en) 2014-09-25 2020-01-22 Winfoor AB Rotor blade for wind turbine
US10253753B2 (en) 2014-09-25 2019-04-09 Winfoor Ab Rotor blade for wind turbine
WO2016048221A1 (en) * 2014-09-25 2016-03-31 Winfoor Ab Rotor blade for wind turbine
CN107076108A (zh) * 2014-09-25 2017-08-18 赢富尔股份公司 用于风力涡轮机的转子叶片
USD822602S1 (en) 2015-10-29 2018-07-10 Winfoor Ab Triblade
CN108368823A (zh) * 2015-12-08 2018-08-03 赢富尔股份公司 用于风力涡轮机的转子叶片
US20190024629A1 (en) * 2015-12-08 2019-01-24 Winfoor Ab Rotor Blade for a Wind Turbine
CN108368823B (zh) * 2015-12-08 2020-06-26 赢富尔股份公司 用于风力涡轮机的转子叶片
EP3222846A1 (en) 2016-03-24 2017-09-27 Winfoor AB Wind turbine rotor blade
WO2017162824A1 (en) 2016-03-24 2017-09-28 Winfoor Ab Wind turbine rotor blade
WO2018224582A1 (en) 2017-06-08 2018-12-13 Winfoor Ab A wind turbine rotor blade, a section thereof and an interconnecting member
EP3412906A1 (en) 2017-06-08 2018-12-12 Winfoor AB A wind turbine rotor blade, a section thereof and an interconnecting member
US20190101128A1 (en) * 2017-10-01 2019-04-04 Papa Abdoulaye MBODJ Wing or blade design for wingtip device, rotor, propeller, turbine, and compressor blades with energy regeneration
US20200262551A1 (en) * 2019-02-19 2020-08-20 United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Bi-Planer Rotor Blade
US10875639B2 (en) * 2019-02-19 2020-12-29 United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Bi-planer rotor blade

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE577917C (de) 1933-06-07
NL24839C (xx)
FR636615A (xx) 1928-04-13
GB292953A (en) 1928-12-27

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